2022届河南省三门峡市重点中学高三上学期12月第三次周测英语试卷.docx

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1、2022届河南省三门峡市重点中学高三上学期12月第三次周测英语试卷【满分：120分】 本试卷满分120分,考试时间100分钟。第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D ）中，选出最佳选项.ACompanies founded by womenBurts BeesThe slory of Burts Becs began when Ibunder Roxanne Quimby moved to Maine and lived in a cabin in the woods. Quimby worked

2、for local beekeeper Burl Shavitz. As partners, they started a company called Pure Maine I loney. which later evolved into the beeswax （蜂蜡）products brand known today as Burts Bees.SoulCycleJulie Rice and Elizabeth Cutler were introduced to each other in New York City when Rice was a talent agent and

3、Cutler was a real estate agent. In their first meeting. Rice and Cutler developed the workout concept for a cardio studio, which turned inio the sensation SoulCycle.CiscoFounded by Sandy Lerner and then-husband Len Bosack. two members of Stanford Universitys computer suppon staff, in 1984. Cisco bec

4、ame one of the nations fastest-growing companies by providing equipment chat connects to the Internet.Build-A-BcarMaxine Clark left her position as president of Pay less ShocSourcc lo pursue a sluffed animals business. Clark opened her first Build-A-Bear Workshop in 1997, and the company had expande

5、d to 425 stores worldwide by 2012. Clark retired as CEO in 2013.ZolaShan-Lyn Ma dreamed of being an entrepreneur and one day working fbr Yahoo. She made it finally. Afterwards, at a wedding she noticed the wedding-gift shopping and wedding registries（婚礼登记处）were impersonal and clunky. She wanted to r

6、einvent the wedding registry experience and founded Zola in 2013.1. Who founded the company Burts Bees?A. Roxanne Quimby.B. Burt Shavitz.C. Burt Shavitz and Maxine Clark.D. Roxanne Quimby and Burt Shavitz.2. Where did Lerner once work?A. A university.B. A factory.C. A computer support company.D. A s

7、upermarket.3. Why did Shan-Lyn Ma found her own company Zola?A. She was not satisfied with Yahoo,B. She was extremely ambitious.C. She intended to improve the wedding registry.D. She just wanted to prove herself.BI started to work as an editor for a （ravel magazine. I didnt really inind the work, bu

8、i I wanted something more challenging. My sister sent me some details for a position in a start-up. The job was a seemingly perfect mix of my skills and interests, so I jumped at it.However, soon after I joined the company, its model changed to focus on K-12 education, and everything about my positi

9、on changed. I was asked to take on the completely difiercnt roles of selling conlcnls lo teachers and training people. I had no experience in sales, training and education. On (op of that. 1in an introvert (内向的人).I felt more than a little outside my comfort zone.I knew I wanted to grow as an individ

10、ual and made a serious impact on the company. I told myself that everything feels overwhelming at first and I should at least have a go. In a way, I felt like I didnt have a chance. I knew jumping out of the nest was the right thing for me, even though it ielt prelty awful.I was ibrtunatc Lo be surr

11、ounded by very helpful people bolh at work and at home. My boss never asked if i thought I could do it: she asked if I was interested in trying.I spent hours researching my companys products. 1 asked lots of questions and spoke to so many teachers that there were soon more good experiences than diff

12、icult ones. I looked for opportunities to put in extra effort. The more I did, the belter I felt.Over time, I discovered that the job was something I could do and liked doing. It was incredibly rewarding to see the company grow. I also learned its important to take risks and accept new opportunities

13、, even when youre not sure whether youll do well. I dont think there is anything worse than failing to try. Im so glad I tried, and it surely paid off.4. What made the author decide to give up his job?A. The poor salary from his old job.B. Encouragement from his sister.C. Being conflict with his for

14、mer boss.D. Being eager to challenge something new.5. What about the author when he started to work in a new place?A. Curious and excited.B. Feared and ashamed.C. Stressed and worried.D. Amazed and satisfied.6. How does the author describe himself in the passage?A. Devoting hiniself to work.B. Accep

15、ting whatever others said.C. Taking pride in his ability.D. Making friends with the boss.7. Whats the authors purpose in writing the passage?A. To tell readers chat failure is the mother of success.B. To warn about the risks and changes when changing jobs.C. ,Ib expose risks and challenges in a newl

16、y founded company.D. To encourage readers to accept challenges and turn risks into chances.CIt is food news guaranteed to put a smile on your face. Scientists have found that eating dark chocolate appears to lower the risk of depression by a quarter. While 7.6 percent of the 13, (X)0 people surveyed

17、 reported depressive symptoms, just 1.5 percent of the chixjolale caters did.The study by University College London (UCL), the University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services, also (bund that the people who consumed the most of any chocolate were also 57 percent less likely to report depressive sy

18、mptoms. Lead author Dr. Sarah Jackson said. This study provides some evidence that consumption of chocolate, particularly dark chocolate, may be associated with reducing odds of clinically relevant depressive symptoms.The study is the first to examine the association with depression according to the

19、 type of chocolate consumed. The team assessed data from 13, 626 adults from ihc US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. A range of other factors including height, weight, marital status, ethnicity, education, household income, physical activity, smoking and chronic health problems were

20、 also taken into account to ensure (he study only measured chocolates effect on depressive sympioms.After adjusting for these factors, it was found that individuals who reported eating any dark chocolate in two 24-hour periodshad 70 percent lower odds of reporting clinically relevant depressive symp

21、toms in the previous two weeks than （hose who reported not eating chocolate at all.Chocolate contains a number of psychoactive ingredients which produce a feeling of euphoria. It also contains phcnylclhylamine（苯乙胺），which is believed to be important for regulating peoples moods. Dark chocolate also h

22、as a higher concentration of flavonoids（类黄酮），antioxidant chemicals which lower inflammation and can prevent the onseU发生）of depression.However, British scientists pointed out that the decision to eat dark chocolate could be linked to other health factors. For example, people who choose dark chocolate

23、 may be more health-conscious in general, which is known to protect against depression. Depressed people arc also more likely lo desire more sugary tally foods and so could be less likely to pick a dark alternative when choosing chocolate.8. Which ot the following statements is TRUE of the study?A.

24、A minority of chocolate eaters suffer from depression.B. A majority of people sun eyed are depressive.C. All kinds of chocolate can help fight depression.D. Half of people with depression are surveyed.9. The study is typical in that.A. it pointed out the relationship between depression and chocolate

25、B. it dcinonslratcd the proiective clTccts of dark chocolateC. the findings were based on the type of chocolate consumedD. （he researchers conducted the survey worldwide10.What is the fifth paragraph mainly about?A. The advantages of chocolate.C. The causes of depression.I LWhals the British scienti

26、sts altitude toward ihe findings?A. Cautious.B. Supportive.D. （he researchers conducted the survey worldwide10.What is the fifth paragraph mainly about?B. The advantages of chocolate.C. The causes of depression.I LWhals the British scientists altitude toward ihe findings?A. Cautious.B. Supportive.C.

27、 The reasons for the protective effects.D. The effects of chocolate.D. Unimportant.D. Curious.DSome years ago. Michel Andre found himself staring at the body of a dead whale on a beach in the Canaiy Islands. It was obvious that the animal had been struck violently by a ship but why? Only later, afte

28、r suneying the whales which lived in the area and measuring the increase of sound pollution from ships did it become clear that there was a link.The whales had become desensitised to the noise of approaching boats and were being struck by them, often seriously. We never thought that this could be so

29、nieihing that could kill/ recalls （回忆起）Andr6. who is the director of the Laboratory of Applied Bioacoustics at the Technical University of Catalonia. Barcelona.Andre has spent 20 years developing an advanced system to better understand why incidents like this happen. His undewater microphones have e

30、xposed a world of deafening sound and animal communication never observed with such clarity （清晰）before.It was not an easy task. Sound waves dont travel through water in the unilbrm, prcdicUible way they do through the air. Instead, the lemperature. salinity （盐度）and flow of waier have great eiYects o

31、n iheir path.What can be done? One solution is to change shipping routes to course where ships are statistically less likely to meet animals. Its also possible （o slow ships down to 18km/h or less which is less likely lo seriously injure a whale.As for dealing with the root cause of the problem, the

32、 UNs International Maritime Organization has already published guidelines on how to quieten ships, but it will be a while before the effects of such changes might be observed.The ocean is not our world, comments Andre. Bui it is ours lo l（x）k after. And thanks lo his work, wc can belter understand t

33、he effects of subsea sound pollution.12 .What did Michel Andre discover?A. Some whales suddenly died for some reasons.B. Sound pollution brought harm to the whales.C. The number of ships was increasing a lol.D. Fewer whales could survive in sound pollution.13 . What docs ihc underlined word desensil

34、izcd in Paragraph 2 incan?A. Stubborn.B. Flexible.C. Dull.D. Friendly.14 .What should be done to protect the whales?A. To limit the speed of the passing ships.B. To forbid large ships to sail inthesubsea.C. To set aside some preserves under the sea.D. To form a team to save the injured animals.15 .W

35、hat docs ihc author mainly intend to tell in the passage?WA. An advanced system to explore the sea.B. Noise pollution in the sea.C. Animals living in the sea.D. Sea exploration technology.第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ClaustrophobiaClaustrophobia, or fear of enclosed

36、spaces, is one of the most common tears. Claustrophobia can he deep fear or even panic as a result of being in a small space.Claustrophobia can develop after a troubling childhood experience (such as being trapped in a small space during a childhood game), or from another unpleasant experience later

37、 on in life related to small spaces (such as being stuck in a lift). 16 This response then becomes programmed in the brain, making an association between beingJ in a tight space and feeling anxious or out-of-control. As a result, the person often develops claustrophobia.According to Mark Powers, Ph.

38、 D. Associate Professor of Psychology at Southern Mcth(xlist University, Claustrophobia is a specific tear and nol a type of panic disorder. The primary specific danger forecasts lor claustrophobia are ihai either the person will be trapped or run out of air.17 Claustrophobia symptoms can include: s

39、weating, accelerated heartbeat, upset stomach, passing out. light-headedness, shaking, breathing problem, etc.Some common situations can cause anxiety in claustrophobia sufferers. The claustrophobia sufferer will look fbr un exit when inside a room, avoid driving on the highway or major roads where

40、there is heavy traffic when inside a car, avoid taking lifts when inside a building, or stand near a door when at a party. 18.Claustrophobia can have harmful social and psychological effects, since the patient will often avoid situations in which she thinks she will have an anxiety attack, leading t

41、o hiding and sadness.19 According to Dr. Powers. Exposure treatment, a form of mind-behavioral treatment, usually results in a total reduction in anxiety symptoms if conducted properly.Flooding is a type of exposure treatment in which the person is exposed to a situation until the anxiety attack pas

42、ses; a less extreme form of exposure treatment is counlcr-conditioning. Counter-conditioning includes behavior treaimenl. as the person is taught visualization and relaxation techniques before being slowly reintnxluced io the cause situation.20 Medications io help treat claustrophobia include things

43、 which help to ease the heart pounding often associated with anxiety attacks.A. The good news is that claustrophobia is ver treatable.B. The past experience can trace back to ihc moment of birth.C. According lo some doctors, claustrophobia is worse than ihc Icar of heights.D. When a person experienc

44、es such an event, it can often cause a frightening panic attack.E. In extreme cases, the very sight of a closed door can lead to feelings of anxiety in a person.F. Treatment for claustrophobia cun also include medication or a combination of several treatments.G. When a person with claustrophobia fin

45、ds herself in a restricted space, her body responds in certain ways. 第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D ）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Sarah Haycox-the power of a 4th grader to change the worldA fourth-grader, Sarah Hay cox, from Shoreline, Washington, USA made it her mis

46、sion to right a wrong. And in doing so. she has 21 the rcsl of the world whal one young person, with 22 . can do.D|nOne day, Sarah was 23 an athleiic field near her school. She noticed a small 24 with the name Edwin Pratt on it. Sarah saw that Mr Pratt had only lived to be 38 years old and had died

47、in 1969. She 25 who he was and 26 there was a plaque（牌匾）for him.After some quick research, she learned that he was a civil rights leader who had come to her area to help others find jobs, housing and 27 . She also found out that he had been killed just because someone with what he was doing.After do

48、ing more research, she came to learn about many 29 things he had done for others. She felt that the small memorial was hardly 30 enough for a man who had so much impact on others. So she 31 to do something about it!There was a new 32 going up across the street, a school for young kids. She found out

49、 who was 33 the school and asked him if it could be 34 after Mr Pratt.After many monlhs and meetings with town officials, her wish came to 35 ! About 5（） years after his 36 , Edwin Pratts life and impact will be celebrated as the name of the new school.Most kids and adults 37 had walked by the small memoria