湖南省长沙市2021-2022学年高一英语下学期期中考试试题（含答案）.docx

《湖南省长沙市2021-2022学年高一英语下学期期中考试试题（含答案）.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《湖南省长沙市2021-2022学年高一英语下学期期中考试试题（含答案）.docx（27页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、湖南省长沙市2021-2022学年高一英语下学期期中考试试题时量：120分钟 满分：150分第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上 的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选 出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一 小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A.19.15. B.9.18.C.9.15.答案是C。1 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】How is

2、the woman now?A. Optimistic.B. Conscious.C. Blue.【1题答案】【答案】C【解析】【原文】 W: Oh, the room looks so empty now because the Christmas tree and decorations have gone.M: Yes, thafs it fbr another year.W: During these dark January days, it feels like there is nothing to look forward to.2 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wha

3、t does Bill like very much?A. English lessons.B. Musical instruments.C. Singing songs.【2题答案】【答案】B【解析】【原文】 W: Mr. Jones, your student Bill shows great enthusiasm fbr musical instruments.27. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. The present and past times.B. Machinery and human beings.C. Imagination

4、s and inventions.D. Modem technology and its influence.【2427题答案】【答案】24. A 25. B 26. B 27. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了现代发明极大地加快了人们的生活速度，所有的发明 都节省了时间，但也付出了代价，给人们的生活带来了各种影响。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段Indeed, this love of speed seems never-ending.（的确，这种对速 度的热爱似乎永无止境）”可知，根据文章，新产品变得越来越省时是因为我们对速度的热爱 似乎是永无止境的。故选A。【25题详

5、解】词句猜测题。根据上文 “We are so accustomed to constant activity that we find it difficult to sit and do nothing, or even just one thing at a time.（我们太习惯于不断的活动，以至于我们发现很难坐着 什么都不做，甚至一次只做一件事）”和下文There was a time when some peopled lives were devoted simply to the cultivation of the land or the care of cattle.（曾经

6、有一段时,间，有些人的一生 仅仅致力于耕种土地或养牛）”可知，也许我们可以静静地听收音机里的故事，让想象带我们 进入另一个世界的日子已经一去不复返了。由此可知，the days指代“过去的简单生活”。故 选Bo【26题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段 “Modem inventions have speeded up peoples lives amazingly.（现 代发明极大地加快了人们的生活速度）”、第二段“All this saves time, but at a price.（所有这些 都节省了时间，但也付出了代价）”和文章最后一段Yet before we do so? we m

7、ust think of the hard tasks our ancestors faced; they farmed with bare hands, often lived close to hunger, and had to fashion tools from wood and stone. Modem machinery has freed people from that primitive existence.（然而，在我们这样做之前，我们必须想到我们的祖先面临的艰巨任务；他们徒手耕 种，经常生活在饥饿中，不得不用木头和石头制作工具。现代机器把人们从原始的生活中解 放出来）”

8、可知，作者既说明了现代发明让人们付出一些代价，也阐述了没有这些发明时人们 生活的极大的不便。由此可推知，作者对现代技术的态度是客观的。故选B。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段 “Modem inventions have speeded up peoples lives amazingly.（现 代发明极大地加快了人们的生活速度）”和第二段“All this saves time, but at a price.（所有这些 都节省了时间，但也付出了代价）”可知，文章主要讲述了现代技术及其影响。故选D。CIn the American colonies （殖民地）there was li

9、ttle money. England did not supply the colonies with coins and it did not allow the colonies to make their own coins. Only the Massachusetts Bay Colony received permission for a short period in 1652 to make several kinds of silver coins. England wanted to keep money out of America as a means of cont

10、rolling trade: America was forced to trade only with England as it did not have the money to buy products from other countries. The result during the pre-revolutionary period was that the colonists used various goods in place of money: beaver furs, Indian wampum, and tobacco leaves were all commonly

11、 used as substitutes （代替物）for money. The colonists also made use of any foreign coins they could obtain. Dutch, nish, French, and English coins were all in use in the American colonies.Individual states and the Continental Congress （大陆国会）issued paper money. So much of this paper money was printed th

12、at by the end of the Revolutionary War it was actually worthless. As a result, trade-in goods and the use of foreign coins were still common during this period.By the time the Revolutionary War had been won by the American colonists, the monetary （货 币的）system was in a state of total confusion. To ch

13、ange this situation, the new Constitution of the United States （美国宪法）,approved in 1789, allowed only Congress to issue money. The individual states could no longer have their own money supply. A few years later, the Coinage Act of 1792 made the dollar the official currency of the United States and p

14、ut the country on a bimetallic （双金 属的）standard. In this bimetallic system, both gold and silver were legal money, and the rate of exchange of silver to gold was fixed by the government at sixteen to one.28. The reason why England kept money out of America was that A. America had to trade only with E

15、nglandAmerican colonies could have their own coinsB. the colonists wanted to save the money for their own countrytoo much paper money in use would lead to the decrease of value29. What happened to the American monetary system during the Revolutionary War?A. Individual states were forced to use paper

16、 money in trade.B. The Continental Congress issued gold and silver coins.C. American money replaced trade-in goods and foreign coins.D. So much paper money was in use that it almost lost its value at last.30. According to the passage, under the new US Constitutiononly the US Congress could issue mon

17、eyA. the dollar was made the official currency of the USthe US officially went on a bimetallic monetary systemB. various state governments, including Massachusetts, could issue moneyThis passage mainly discussesA. American money from past to presentthe English monetary policies in American coloniesB

18、. the effect of the Revolutionary War on American moneythe American monetary system during the 17th and 18th centuries【2831题答案】【答案】28.A29. D 30. A 31. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要讨论了 17世纪和18世纪的美国货币体系。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段提到的 u England wanted to keep money out of America as a means of controlling trade: Ame

19、rica was forced to trade only with England as it did not have the money to buy products from other countries.（英国想要让资金无法进入美国，作为控制贸易的一种手段：美国 被迫只与英国进行贸易，因为它没有钱从其他国家购买产品）”可知，英国执行此政策的目的 是让美国只与英国进行贸易。故选A项。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段提到的 “So much of this paper money was printed that by the end of the Revolutionary W

20、ar it was actually worthless.（这些纸币被印刷了很多，到美国独立战争结束时， 它实际上已经一文不值了）”可知，在革命战争时期，大量纸币的印刷造成贬值。故选D项。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段提到的 uTo change this situation, the new Constitution of the United States, approved in 1789, allowed only Congress to issue money.（为了 改变这一状况，美国宪法 规定，只有国会才能发行货币）”可知，在宪法规定中，只有国会才能发行货币。故选A项。【

21、31题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，这篇文章主要讨论了 17世纪和18世纪的美国货币体系。故选D 项。DCoffee is probably the worlds least expensive success power tool. Coffee builds better teams and increases your leadership ability. Coffee also increases your immunity. It increases fbcus and drive and may even increase your lifen.Unfortunately, w

22、e may not be enjoying the benefits or pleasures of coflee too much longer. According to ecologists, theres a good chance that in 20 or 30 years, the varieties of coffee that we drink today will be extinct. And well be drinking a coffee substitute that more or less resembles the drink we enjoy today.

23、The problem, of course, is the pace of climate change. Successful coffee cultivation has three preconditions: a warm, highly stable （稳定的）tropical （热带的）climate with altitudes that keep air temperature between 18 and 20 degrees Celsius, rich soil full of natural nutrients, and an ecological environmen

24、t thats pest and disease resistant.Coffee is a crop that is only grown in a thin band called the coffee belt close to the equator （赤道）.It simply wont grow anywhere else. Unfortunately, the coffee belt“ is extremely vulnerable to climate change. If the air is too cold or too hot, it prevents the grow

25、th of the coflee plant.Climate change also creates environmental stress, which spreads parasites, pests and plant diseases. All of these increase the fragility of the coffee crop and create the possibility of species-destroying rot.Almost all the coflee cultivated in the world today is one of two sp

26、ecies, arabica or Robusta, either of which might be wiped out in this way. There are other species of coffee, and scientists are hoping that, if worse comes to worst, a different species can be bred into coffee.Unfortunately, almost all of these species exist only in Ethiopia, a country that climate

27、 changeis already hammering. As the environmental nonprofit USAID points out:Ethiopia is one of the worlds most drought-prone countries. The country is faced with numerous development challenges that exacerbate its weakness facing climate change including increases in temperature, unstable rainfall

28、and unpredictability of seasonal rain, and increased incidences of drought and other extreme events.In other words, even as climate change threatens coffee as it exists today, climate change is also eating away at the root source which we might turn to for replacement species.What to do? Well, take

29、the time to savor each cup of coffee you drink. Beyond that, stop electing the politicians who deny climate change.31. What is the authors feeling about the future of coffee?A. Helpless.B. Bored.C. Happy.D.B. Rich soil.D. Stable rainfall.A.removeB. worsenC.decreaseD. acceptConcerned.32. Which condit

30、ion probably prevents the growth of the coffee plant?A. A tropical climate.C. Increasing temperature.33. The underlined word in Paragraph 8 is closest in meaning to ”35A.Change Climate for CoffeeB.Enjoy Coffee While You CanC.Benefits from Coffee DrinkingD.Conditions for Coffee PlantingWhat might be

31、the best title for the passage?【3235题答案】【答案】32.D33. C 34. B 35. B【解析】咖啡种植面临挑战，在未来2030【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了由于气候变化, 年很多咖啡种类可能会灭绝。【32题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段的 uUnfortunately, we may not be enjoying the benefits or pleasures of coffee too much longer. According to ecologists, theres a good chance that in 20 or 30

32、years, the varieties of coffee that we drink today will be extinct.”（不幸的是，20-30 年后，我们今天喝的咖啡 可能会消失，我们可能不再享受咖啡带来的乐趣）”可推知，作者对咖啡的将来很担忧。故选Do【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段的 “If the air is too cold or too hot, it prevents the growth of the coffee plant.（如果空气太冷或太热，就会阻碍咖啡植株的生长）”可知，太冷或太热都不利于咖啡种 植。C项“不断上升的温度”符合题意。故选C。【34

33、题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第八段的 uEthiopia is one of the worlds most drought-prone countries. The country is confronted with numerous development challenges that exacerbate its weakness facing climate change including increases in temperature, unstable rainfall and unpredictability of seasonal rain, and increased

34、incidences of drought and other extreme events.（埃塞俄比亚是世 界上最干旱的 国家之一。这个国家面临许多挑战。气温增加，不稳定的雨量，不可预测的雨季，干旱以及 极端事件。这些都使得它本身干旱的弱点更加exacerbate）”并结合上下文，尤其关键词 numerous development challenges和weakness可推知划线词意为“恶化”，即这些大量的挑战 让干旱更加恶化。A. remove移开；B. worsen恶化；C. decrease降低；D. accept接受。故选B。【35题详解】 主旨大意题。全文主要介绍了由于气候变化

35、，咖啡种植面临挑战。再根据最后一段的Well, take the time to savor eachcup of coffee you drink .（好吧，花时间品味你喝的每一杯咖啡）”可知, 作者呼吁珍惜现在喝咖啡的时光。由此可知B项“享受你能喝咖啡的机会”最适合作本文标 题。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。life.ange between about 13 and 19 is an important time in an individualsli住.36 While you are

36、 a teenager, many exciting opportunities for success are given to you.Taking on the right amount of responsibility and independence can push you towards becoming a successful teenager.passion.cipate in extra-curricular activities. Schools give students opportunities for staying active. Pick an activ

37、ity that appeals to you such as athletics, academic clubs, or special-interest clubs.Extra-curricular activities build character through team work, time-management, and competition.Don*t be too worried if you arent very good at what you like, fbr the important thing is passion. 37Besides, volunteer.

38、 38 Meanwhile, volunteering can teach you job-related skills such as responsibility or time-management. Some schools also reward the learning aspect of volunteer work with credit hours. If you are interested in college, volunteering makes you much more appealing during the application process.etc.se

39、 your summer fbr academic programs. Getting a head start at college could mean sacrificing your summer vacation. Various universities offer programs fbr future college students based on interests such as journalism, photography, art, sports, etc. 39 Research different programs and then figure out wh

40、ich one is the best choice fbr you. Check the requirements and deadlines. Avoid getting into trouble because of a simple mistake, and you will have a great time.Finally, know when to ask for help and advice. Being responsible and independent does not mean being alone. 40 So. seek advice from parents

41、, older siblings, advisors at work, teachers, or someone whom you trust. Opening up channels of communication at a young age is a great habit for success.A. Make sure your maturity level and interests are leveled.B. Making and meeting goals can motivate you to progress.C. Huge steps are taken within

42、 that period.D. They give teenagers the chance to earn college credits.E. Offering help is a symbol of kindness.F. It will drive you to put in your best effort.G. Taking on new tasks and meeting goals will be hard work.【3640题答案】【答案】36.C37. F 38. E 39. D 40. G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要阐述从大约13岁到19岁是人生中的一个重要时

43、期，并且 就如何成为一名成功的青少年，给处于这一时期的青少年提出了四条建议。【36题详解】根据前句 “The age range between about 13 and 19 is an important time in an individuals life.v （13岁到19岁是一个人一生中重要的时期）以及后句u While you are a teenager, many exciting opportunities for success are given to you. （当你是一个青少年，许多令人兴奋的成功机会都会 呈现给你）可知，此处应该讲述青少年时期，对人生影响巨大。C项

44、“Huge steps are taken within that period.（在这段时间内，青少年会迈出了巨大的步伐）符合文意。故选C。【37题详解】根据前句 “Dont be too worried if you arent very good at what you like, for the important thing is passion.（如果你不是很擅长你喜欢的，不要太担心，重要的是激情）可知，此处在讲述兴 趣和激情的重要性。F项“it”指代前句中的“passion”且F项It will drive you to put in your best effort.（它会驱使

45、你全力以赴）符合文意。故选F。【38题详解】根据该段第一句Besides, volunteer.（此外，去做志愿者）可知，该段主要在讲述志愿帮助 别人能够培养你的意志品质。E项Offering help is a symbol of kindness. （提供帮助是善良 的象征）符合文意。故选E。【39题详解】根据前句 u Various universities offer programs for future college students based on interests such as journalism, photography, art, sports, etc.（许多大

46、学根据学生的兴趣为未来的大学生提供课程， 如新闻、摄影、艺术、体育等）可知，该段落主要在讲述青少年应该利用暑假为大学生活做 准备；同时，大学也为学生提供了各种预备课程，这些课程能够帮助学生。D项“They give teenagers the chance to earn college credits.（他们给青少年获得大学学分的机会）中 “they” 指代前句中的各项课程，且符合文意。故选D项。【40题详解】根据后句 “So, seek advice from parents, older siblings, advisors at work, teachers, or someone w

47、hom you trust.（所以，向父母、哥哥姐姐、工作顾问、老师或你信任的人寻求建议）可知， 该段落主要在讲述青少年在遇到困难，需要解决难题时，可以向他人求助。连词“so”表明前 后句是因果关系。G 项 uTaking on new tasks and meeting goals will be hard work.v （接受新任 务和实现目标将是艰苦的工作）符合文意。故选G项。第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最 佳选项。S. E. Hintons career as

48、an author began while she was still a high school student.41by the fights of the two gangs in her high school, Hinton wrote The Outsiders, an honest,sometimes shocking novel told from the point of 42 of a fourteen-year-old boy.The Outsiders was 43 during Hintons freshman year at the University of Tulsa, and was an immediate 44 Today, with more than fourteen million 45 in print, the book is the best-selling young adult novel of all time. The book was also made into a film in 1983.The Outsiders brought with it publicity and 46 S. E. Hinton became known as The Voice of