专题30 动词的时态和语态-2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(练)(含答案解析).docx
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1、2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测第30讲动词时态和语态练1 .单句语法填空(2021 稷 ill县稷山中学高三月考)Mr Wang was the only survivor in his family, who(survive) the earthquake in 2019.【答案】survived【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:王先生是家里唯一的幸存者,他在2019年的地震中幸存下来。分析句 子可知,who引导的定语从句中缺少句子的谓语,survive幸存。先行词Mr Wang与survive构成主动关系, 且根据in 2009可知,句子为一般过去时,动词survive用过去式survive
2、do故填:survivedo(2021 安徽省泗县第一中学高三开学考试)In our school, all the students(request) to wear school uniforms on weekends.【答案】are requested【解析】考查时态及语态。句意:在我们学校,所有学生都被要求在周末穿校服。陈述客观事实使用一般 现在时,students与request之间为被动关系,要使用一般现在时的被动语态,故填are requestedo(2021 全国高三课时练习)If you look at all sides of the situation, you911
3、find probably a solution that(suit) everyone.【答案】suits【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:如果你考虑情况的各个方面,你可能会找到一个适合每个人的解决 方案。分析可知,设空处为从句谓语,根据语境,为一般事实,应用一般现在时,从句的主语that指代先 行词a solution,从句谓语要用单数,故填suits。1. (2021 全国高三练习)The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example,(form) the core collection of the British M
4、useum that opened in 1759.【答案】formed【解析】考查时态。句意:例如,汉斯斯隆爵士的80,000件藏品组成了 1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心 臧品。设空处是谓语动词,根据定语从句中的时间状语in 1759可知,此处叙述过去发生的事,应使用一般 过去时。故填formed。2. (2021稷山县稷山中学高三月考)What(bother) me most is how I can get so much money for the project.【答案】bothers此处表示正在进行的动作,使用现在进行时,主语The new machine和test为被动关系,现
5、在进行时被动语 态的基本构成形式是:am/is/are being done。故选A。18. (2021 黑龙江牡丹江市牡丹江一中高三期末)My bike needs but I forgot it to the repairshop.A. to repair; to takeB. repairing; to takeC. to be repaired; takingD. repairing; taking【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:我的自行车需要修理,但是我忘记要把它送到修理店。need做实意动词 时,后接动词ing形式,表示被动。forget to do sth.表示忘记去做某
6、事(还没做)。根据句意可知,我的自 行车需要被修理,但是我没有把自行车送去修理店了。故选B。19. (2021 黑龙江哈尔滨市第六中学校高三期末)-Where does your granny live?-She lives in Nanjing now, but she in Boston for 10 years.A. had livedB. has livedC. livedD. is living【答案】C【解析】考查时态。句意:你奶奶住在哪里? 她现在住在南京,但她在波士顿住了 10年。由前一 句时间状语now可知,空处描述的是过去发生的事情,和现在形成对比,所以空处谓语动词需用一般
7、过去 时。故选C。20. (2021黑龙江哈师大附中)Hopefully, in 2025 we will no longer be e-mailing each other, for we more convenient electronic communication tools by then.A. developB. have developedC. will developD. will have developed【答案】D【解析】考查时态。句意:希望到2025年我们不再互相发电子邮件,因为到那时我们会开发出更方便的电 子通讯工具。根据前句中时间状语in 2025可知,用将来时态;
8、再根据by then可知,到2025年那时,我们 已经开出了更方便的通讯工具,所以用将来完成时。故选D。21. (2021 ,黑龙江哈尔滨市哈尔滨三中高三期末)The news of the earthquake when a large quantity of relief supplies to the disaster-stricken area.A. has hardly been spread; was deliveredB. was hardly spread; were deliveredC. had hardly spread; were deliveredD. had har
9、dly spread; was delivered【答案】D【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:地震的消息一传开,大量的救灾物资被运送到灾区。第一空,为固定句 式hardlywhen表示“一 就 ”,主句用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时;第二空,从句应用一般过 去时,主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,故用一般过去时态的被动语态,主语是a large quantity of relief supplies, 后面的谓语动词用单数形式。故选D。22. (2021 天津南开区南开中学高三月考)It was the first time that he the New Coastal Area ofTianjin
10、and was so impressed by its fast development.A. have visited B. visitedC. had visitedD. would visit【答案】c【解析】考查时态。句意:这是他第一次来到天津这个新的沿海地区,天津的快速发展给他留下了深刻印 象。分析题意,根据固定搭配It+be+the+序数词+time+that (某人第几次做某事)可知,若be动词为was 时,从句的动词用过去完成时。故此处的时态为过去完成时。综合分析,故选C项。23. (2021 ,天津南开区南开中学高三月考)ZhongNanshan, as well as th
11、ree other outstanding medical workers, the highest honor of our country last month.A. are awarded B. is awardedC. were awarded D. was awarded【答案】D【解析】考查主谓一致和语态。句意:上个月,钟南山等三名优秀医务工作者被授予国家最高荣誉。根据 last month可知此处用一般过去时态,as well as连接并列主语时需要遵循就远原则,所以谓语动词和Zhong Nanshan保持一致,故选D项。24. (2021 天津河西区)A survey carr
12、ied out last year showed that 80% of the middle-aged in this city in favour of the proposal on health care reform.A. isB. areC. wasD. were【答案】D【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:去年进行的一项调查显示,该市80%的中年人赞成医疗改革的 建议。通过分析句子结构并翻译语境可知,主句时态为一般过去时,根据时态一致性可知从句中时态也为 一般过去时,且从句中主语80% of the middle-aged是复数,按照主谓一致原则,因此使用be动词woe。故 选
13、D项。25. (2021 天津市实验中学滨海学校高三模拟)一 Beijing is worth visiting. I there with my parentsduring the holidays.一 I agree. I have been there twice.A. wentB. have goneC. have beenD. am going【答案】A【解析】考查动词时态。句意:北京值得一游。我和我的父母在假期去了那里。一一我同意。我去过 那儿两次。结合语境可知,“我”和父母去北京是假期期间做过的事情,故应用一般过去时。故选A。高考真题.【2021 英语全国甲卷】The Xian
14、City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived Chinas long history.It 41 , (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复).【答案】was built【解析】考查被动语态。句意:它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的,现在已经完全修复了。分析句子 可知,空格处为谓语,动词build和主语之间是被动关系,应用被动语态(be done),根据句意和时间状
15、语 the Tang dynasty可知,用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式,主语it为第三人称单数,主谓一致,故填was builto 2.【2021英语全国甲卷】We46 (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate.【答案】hired【解析】考查时态。句意:我们从南门的租赁处租了自行车。分析句子可知,此处为谓语动词,根据上下 文可知,此处描述过去发生的事情,用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式。故填hired。1 .12021全国新高考I卷】 What comes next is the endless series of ste
16、ps. You cant help wondering how hard it 61 (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place.【答案】was【解析】考查一般过去时。句意:你不禁会想,对当时的人们来说,把这些石头都安置好有多难。分析句 子可知,“how hard it(be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place”作 wonder 的宾语,it 是从句 的形式主语,不定式为真正主语,谓语动词用单数形式,安置台阶的石头为陈述过去的事情,应用一般过 去时
17、。故填was。2 .12021浙江卷 6 月It doesnt impress like George Washington*s plantation on the Potomac, but Lincolns home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, 36,(prove) irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public.【答案】has proved/ has proven【解析】考查动词。句意:它不像乔治华盛顿在波托马克河畔的种植园那样给人留下深刻印象,但林肯在 伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德市中心的家
18、,自从向公众开放以来,就被证明对游客来说是不可抗拒的。分析句 子成分可知,设空处作谓语动词,Lincolns home in downtown Springfield Illinois作主语;结合句意及设空处 后的时间状语从句since it opened to the public可知,此处指过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响,符合现在完 成时概念,故设空处用现在完成时;现在完成时结构是has/have +过去分词;主语Lincolns home in downtown Springfield Illinois是第三人称单数,所以助动词用has,提示词prove的过去分词形式是proved或pr
19、oveno 故填 has proved/ has proven o.【2021 浙江卷 6 月Marys niece wrote, nThe little home 40.(paint) white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it.【答案】was painted【解析】考查被动语态。句意:这个小房子被漆成了白色。分析句子结构可知,设空处作谓语动词,The little home作主语。结合句意及常识可知,房子是“被漆”的,主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系,所以要用被动语 态;根据上文的was built可知,此处为一般过去时态;一般过去时的被动语态结构
20、是was/were+过去分词; 主语The little home是单数第三人称,所以要用was,提示词paint的过去分词形式是painted。故填was paintedo 6.【2021 浙江卷 6 月】Three of the foui* Lincoln sons were born here. After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and 45 , (sell) most of their furniture.【答案】sold【解析】考查动词时态。句意:1861年林肯当选
21、美国总统后,他们租了房子,卖掉了大部分家具。分析句 子成分可知,设空处和前面的动词rented 一起做并列谓语;根据时间状语1861可知,此处用一般过去时态, 提示词sell的过去式形式是soldo故填soldo. (2019 全国 I 卷)In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut(report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a belief that populations are increasing.【答案】have reported【解析
22、】考查时态。根据上下文语境,尤其是时间状语in recent years可知,主句用现在完成时态,故填have reported o. (2019 全国 II 卷)Picking up herTifetime Achievemenf,award, proud Irene(declare) she had no plans to retire from her 36-year-old business.【答案】declared【解析】考查谓语动词。根据上下文可知,该句主语为Irene,此处为谓语成分,根据后文had以及said可 知用一般过去时态,故填declaredo. (2019 全国 HI
23、 卷)Our hosts shared many of their experiences and(recommend)wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit.【答案】recommended【解析】考查一般过去时态。句意:我们的主人跟我们分享了很多他们的经历并推荐了一些很好的吃饭、 购物和参观的地方。“and”前后两个动作“shared与recommended”是并列关系,时态一致。故填recommended。 10. (2019 浙江卷)When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody
24、(have) to worry aboutfashion(时尚)【答案】will have/has【解析】考查时态。句意:当每个学生在校穿校服时,没有人会担心时尚问题。本句是when引导的时间状 语从句,遵循主将从现原则,因此,主句可以使用将来时will do;根据语境可知,本文叙述的是客观事实, 因此,本句亦可用一般现在时,主语是nobody,谓语用has。故填will have/has。11. (2019 湖f江卷)One study in America found that students grades (improve) a little after the school intr
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