2022届福建省三明第一中学高三上学期学段考英语试题（解析版）.docx

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1、2022届福建省三明第一中学高三上学期学段考英语试题（考试时长：120分钟；满分：150分）本试卷由四个部分组成，其中第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节为选择题，第三部分的第二 节和第四部分为非选择题。考生注意：答题时，请将答案写在专用答题卡上。选择题答案请用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题 目的答案涂黑；非选择题答案请用直径毫米黑色水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内规范 作答，凡是答题不规范一律无效。第一部分听力理解（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有

2、一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读1 On what day will the speakers attend the sale?A. Friday. B. Tuesday. C. Monday.2. What is the weather like in this town?A. It is dry.B. It is wet. C. It is cool.3. What probably happened to the boat?A. It was saved. B. It was fixe

3、d. C. It was lost.4. How do the speakers feel?A. Worried. B. Relieved. C. Disappointed.5. What did the man do to make his speech so emotional?A. He practiced a lot.B. He wrote it in advance.C. He showed love for his family.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中 选出最佳选项，并标

4、在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。quieter lives to people living near the lines.12. What can we know about the sound camera from paragraph 1?A. It is invented by Hu Wenlin.B. It is a sound radar in the shape of a wheel.C. It is fitted with many sensors to study noi

5、se.D. It transforms sound information into images.13. What does the underlined word abatement“ probably mean?A. Increasing.B. Ranking.C. Reducing.D. Analyzing.14. What highlights the sound camera according to paragraph 3?A. It is very easy to move.B. It consumes little energy.C. It is available for

6、everyone.D. It operates far more accurately.15. What is the best title for the text?A. Technology Frees People from NoiseSound Camera Makes Rail Lines QuieterB. The Importance of Conducting Sound ResearchThe Influence ofNoise Pollution on Peoples Life【答案】12.C13.C14. D 15. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要阐述了利物浦

7、的国家工程实验室里的“声音照相机”设备，该设备有 用于捕获、识别和分析铁路噪声源的144个传感器阵列的高技术特征，产生的数据使工程师能够更好地分 析火车经过时产生的声音，并可以制定精确的降噪计划，为生活在铁路附近的人们带来了更安静的生活。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中 “ A closer look at the 5-meter-diameter wheel reveals high-tech features like an array of 144 sensors used to capture, identify and analyze the source of noise o

8、n railways.（仔细观察这个直径 5 米的车轮， 你会发现它的高科技特征，比如一排144个传感器，用来捕捉、识别和分析铁路上的噪声源）”可知，声音 摄像机装有许多传感器来研究噪音。故选C。【13题详解】词句猜测题。 根据上句 “ After analyzing the data, engineers can draw up precise plans to reduce noise and make construction plans accordingly.（在分析数据后，工程师可以制定精确的降噪计划，并据此制定施工计划）”可 知，这台声音照相机设备产生的数据能够让工程师制定精确的

9、降噪计划，并据此制定施工计划，可推知， 划线词所在句子的意思是“例如，如果一条铁路经过一个有更严格降噪要求的居民区，工程师可以提出一 个降低噪音的计划,通常付出更大代价”，故划线词意思是“降低，减弱”。A. Increasing.增加；B. Ranking. 排名；C.Reducing.减少；D. Analyzing.分析。故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段 “Noise control technologies have been applied to dozens of major railway projects across the country. The sound ca

10、mera, fully developed in China, is advanced by world standards, said Wang Changjin, the director of the National Engineering Laboratory. Before the sound camera was available, engineers usually used a pole fitted with sensors to collect sound data along railway lines. It cannot be compared to the te

11、chnique we are using now, which is far more accurate/9 Wang said.（噪声控制技术已在全国数十个重大铁路工程中得到应用。国 家工程实验室主任王长进表示，国产声控相机已达到世界先进水平。在声音摄像机出现之前，工程师们通 常使用一根装有传感器的杆子沿着铁路线收集声音数据。“它无法与我们现在使用的技术相比，我们现在 使用的技术要精确得多，王说）可知，声音摄像机的特点是它的操作更加准确。故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段The machine is just one of many innovations developed b

12、y the laboratory. It has conducted many research projects on railways, leading to the development of key noise control equipment for high-speed railways and bringing quieter lives to people living near the lines.（这台机器只是这个实验室开发的许 多新发明之一。在铁路方面开展了多项研究项目，推动了高速铁路关键噪声控制设备的开发，为沿线居民 带来了更安静的生活）”结合本文主要阐述了利物浦的

13、国家工程实验室里的“声音照相机”设备，该设备有 用于捕获、识别和分析铁路噪声源的144个传感器阵列的高技术特征，产生的数据使工程师能够更好地分 析火车经过时产生的声音，并可以制定精确的降噪计划，为生活在铁路附近的人们带来了更安静的生活。可知，B选项“声音摄像机使铁路线路更安静”最符合文章标题。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题分，满分分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。We use both words and body language to express our thoughts and opinions in our interactio

14、ns with other people. Words are important. 16 The way people stand, hold their arms, and move their hands can also give us information about their feelings.17 The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in. For example, making eye contact-looking into

15、 someones eyesin some countries is a way to display interest.18 For example, in many Middle Eastern countries, men and women are not socially permitted to make eye contact. In Japan, it may demonstrate respect to look down when talking to an older person.The gesture fbr “OK has different meanings in

16、 different cultures. In Japan, someone who witnesses another person employing the gesture might think it means money. In France, a person encountering an identical gesture may interpret it as meaning zero. 19Some body language has many different uses. Perhaps the best example is smiling. A smile can

17、 help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers. 20 We can use a smile to apologize, to greet someone, to ask for help, or to start a conversation. Experts suggest smiling at yourself in the miiTor to make yourself feel happier and stronger. And if we are feeling d

18、own or lonely, there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend.A. A smile can break down bamers.B. Smile is a kind of attitude to our life.C. Body language is a part of nonverbal language.D. In other countries, by contrast, eye contact is not always approved of.E. Just like spo

19、ken language, body language varies from culture to culture.F. But we can also learn a lot about what people are thinking by watching their body language.G. However, you should avoid making this gesture in Brazil and Germany, as it is not considered polite.【答案】16.F17. E 18. D 19. G 20. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说

20、明文。人们的肢体语言有很丰富的含义，文章对此进行了介绍。【16题详解】根据后文“The way people stand, hold their arms, and move their hands can also give us information about their feelings.（人们的站立方式、握臂方式和手部动作也能告诉我们他们的感受。）可知，此处是讲肢体语言也 能表达人们的想法和感受，所以选项F （但是我们也可以通过观察人们的肢体语言来了解他们在想什么。） 切合文意。故选F。【17题详解】心艮据后文“The crucial thing is using body lan

21、guage in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in.（最关键 的一点是使用适合你所处文化的肢体语言。）可知，此处是讲肢体语言因文化不同而不同，所以选项E （就 像口语一样，肢体语言也因文化的不同而不同。）切合文意。故选E。【18题详解】根据前文“For example, making eye contact-looking into someones eyesin some countries is a way to display interest.（例如，眼神交流看着某人的眼睛在一些国家是表达兴趣的一种方式。）可知，此处

22、是讲 看着某人的眼睛表达的含义，前文讲在在一些国家看着某人的眼睛是表达兴趣的一种方式，选项D （相比 之下，在其他国家，眼神交流并不总是被允许的。）和前文形成对比，所以选项D切合文意。故选D。【19题详解】根据前文“The gesture for OK has different meanings in different cultures. （“OK”这个手势在不同的文化中有 不同的含义。）可知，此处是讲“OK”这个手势势在不同的文化中的不同的含义。前文“In Japan, someone who witnesses another person employing the gesture

23、might think it means money. In France, a person encountering an identical gesture may interpret it as meaning zero.（在日本，如果有人看到别人做这个手势，可能会认为这是 钱的意思。在法国，一个人遇到同样的手势可能会解释为“零”的意思。）举了几个国家的例子，所以选项G （然而，在巴西和德国你应该避免这样做，因为这被认为是不礼貌的。）切合文意，而且指出在巴西和德国 应该避免这样做，和前文构成转折关系，对应转折词however。故选G。【20题详解】根据前文“Perhaps the be

24、st example is smiling. A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers.（也许最好 例子就是微笑。微笑可以帮助我们度过困境，在陌生人的世界里找到朋友。） 可知，此处是讲微笑能够打破障碍，帮助交流，所以选项A （一个微笑可以打破障碍。）切合文意。故选A。 第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从短文后所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入 空白处的最佳选

25、项。Its hard to believe my husband and I will be celebrating our 11th wedding anniversary this year, but I still remember our honeymoon clearly.After our 21, we flew to Mexico for our honeymoon. We stayed at a beautiful hotel on the east coastfacing a beautiful sea and we had a（n） 22 time! The weather

26、 was perfect, locals were friendly, and we had plenty of things to 23 while we were there.At the top of our list of 24 was to swim with dolphins. There was a place down there called Dolphin Discovery and it was included within our honeymoon 25, We headed over there one afternoon and were26 with the

27、place. The dolphins looked well kept and happy.The employees told us that the dolphins 27 interacting with us humans as it entertained them and gave them exercise. They were social animals and loved to play. They spent about 30 minutes 28 us all about these fantastic animals. Then it was our group*s

28、 29.We 30 clothes and got into the pool. We were given clear 31 so that we could swimwith the dolphins as a couple. Gradually, the dolphins 32 us, so it was a great chance for my husband andme to 33 them closer. They were so cute and lovely. It 34 let me appreciate dolphins moreand made me realize h

29、ow35it was to save and protect them.21. A. adventureB. appointmentC. graduationD. wedding22. A. anxiousB. wonderfulC. strictD. ordinary23. A. enjoyB. protectC. spreadD. avoid24.A.experimentsB.performancesC.bargainsD.activities25.A.packageB.regretC.prizeD.invention26.A.carefulB.contentC.familiarD.bor

30、ed27.A.moved offB.get away withC.put up withD.looked forward to28.A.sellingB.lendingC.tellingD.posting29.A.giftB.recipeC.turnD.risk30.A.madeB.changedC.donatedD.designed31.A.instructionsB.destinationsC.connectionsD.combinations32.A.challengedB.attackedC.approachedD.controlled33.A.feedB.trainC.observe

31、D.catch34.A.merelyB.casuallyC.barelyD.really35.A.significantB.complexC.hopefulD.confusing【答案】21. D22. B23. A 24. D25. A26. B 27. D28. C29. C 30. BA 32. C 33. C 34. D 35. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者婚礼后，和丈夫飞往墨西哥度蜜月。在那里，作者度过了一段 美好的时光，尤其是与海豚游泳的活动不仅让作者更欣赏海豚，而且让作者意识到拯救和保护它们是多么 重要。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：婚礼后，我们飞往墨

32、西哥度蜜月。A. adventure经历；B. appointment约会；C. graduation 毕业；D. wedding 婚礼。根据 we flew to Mexico for our honeymoon可矢口，我们是在婚礼后，去 度蜜月。故选D。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们住在东海岸一家美丽的酒店，面朝美丽的大海，我们度过了一段美好的 时光！ A. anxious担心的;B.wonderful美好的；C.strict严厉的;D.ordinary普通的。根据“The weather was perfect, locals were friendly, and we h

33、ad plenty of things to 3 while we were there.” 可知，我们度过了 一段美好的时光。故选B。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：天气很好，当地人很友好，我们在那里有很多东西可以享受。A. enjoy享受；B. protect 保护；C. spread 花费；D. avoid 避免。根据 “The weather was perfect, locals were friendly, and we had plenty of things to可知，我们在那里有很多东西可以享受。故选A。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：排在我们活动清单首位的是和海

34、豚一起游泳。A. experiments实验；B. performances 表演；C. bargains交易；D.activities活动。根据to swim with dolphins可知，和海豚一起游泳是一项活动。 故选Do【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那里有一个叫海豚发现的地方，它被列入了我们的蜜月计划包裹。A. package包 裹； B. regret 懊悔；C. prize 奖品；D. invention 发明。根据 At the top of our list of4 was to swimwith dolphins.可知，那里有一个叫海豚发现的地方，它被列入了我们的蜜

35、月计划包裹。故选A。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一天下午我们去了那里，对那里很满意。A. careful小心的；B. content满意的；C. familiar 熟悉的;D. bored 厌倦的。根据 “The dolphins looked well kept and happy. 可知，我们对那里很 满意。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：工作人员告诉我们，海豚期待与我们人类互动，因为这给它们带来了娱乐和锻 炼。A. moved off 离开；B. getaway with 侥幸逃脱;C. put up with 忍受；D. looked forward to 期

36、待。根据 “as it entertained them and gave them exercise.”可知，海豚期待与我们人类互动。故选D。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们花了大约30分钟告诉我们这些神奇的动物。A. selling销售；B.lending借出；D. telling 告诉；D. posting 张贴。根据 “us all about these fantastic animals.v 可知,是工作人员花了大约 30 分钟告诉我们这些神奇的动物。故选C。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后就轮到我们组了。A. gift礼物；B. recipe食谱；C.turn

37、轮到；D. risk风险。根据 “We 10 clothes and got into the pool.v 可知，轮到我们了。故选 C。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们换了衣服，进了游泳池。A. made制作；B. changed更换；C.donated捐赠；E. designed设计。根据“and got into the pool”可知，我们换了衣服。故选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们得到了明确的说明，这样我们就可以以情侣的身份和海豚一起游泳。A. instructions 说明；B. destinations 目的地；C. connections 连接；D.

38、combinations 结合。根据 “so that we could swim with the dolphins as a couple.v可知，我们得到了明确的说明。故选A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，海豚靠近了我们，所以这是我和我丈夫近距离观察它们的好机会。A. challenged 挑战；B. attacked 攻击；C. approached 靠近；D. controlled 控制。根据 “ so it was a great chance for my husband and me to 13 them closer.可知，海豚靠近了我们。故选 C。【33题详

39、解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，海豚靠近了我们，所以这是我和我丈夫近距离观察它们的好机会。A. feed 喂养；B. train 训练；C. observe 观察；D. catch 抓住。uso it was a great chance for my husband and me to 13 them closer.和They were so cute and lovely.可知，我们得以近距离观察海豚。故选C。【34题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：它真的让我更欣赏海豚，让我意识到拯救和保护它们是多么重要。A. merely仅 仅；B. casually 随意地;C. barely 几乎

40、不;D. really 真正地。根据 ulet me appreciate dolphins more and made me realize how 15 it was to save and protect them.,可知，它真的让我更欣赏海豚，让我意识到拯救和保 护它们是多么重要。故选D。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它真的让我更欣赏海豚，让我意识到拯救和保护它们是多么重要。A. significant 重要的；B. complex 复杂的；C. hopeful 有希望的；D. confusing 混舌L的。根据it was to save and protect them.

41、v 可知，拯救和保护海豚是非常重要的。故选A。第二节语法填空(共10小题；每小题分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个合适的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。A law amendment(修正案)that allows couples in China to have three children 36 (pass) on Friday. Supportive 37 (measure) aimed at encouraging births, such as protecting womens workplace rights and38 (lower) education costs,

42、also received legal backing in the revised Population and Family Planning Law.The policy shift addresses the challenge of declining birth rates. According to the 39 (late) national survey, the proportion of those aged 60 and above rose to 18.7 percent last year, while the birth rate 40 (drop) to 1.3

43、 children per woman.Zhang Guilong, 41 official from the NPC, says that revisions made to the law are aimed at ensuring progress can be made toward the goal of achieving 42 (balance) population development in the long run. 43 particular, the revised law serves as a push for establishing affordable nu

44、rsery care service systems. In response to concerns that the third-child policy will likely deepen gender discrimination against working women, the law states that a womens right to employment will be guaranteed and that employment services will be provided for those 44 jobs are affected due to preg

45、nancies.The law also for the first time addresses parental leave, making 45 clear that support will be given toregions exercising the practice.【答案】36. was passedmeasures37. loweringlatest 40. dropped41. an42. balanced43. In44. whose45.it【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了周五，中国通过了一项允许夫妇生育三个孩子的法律修正案。【36题详解】考查时态、语态

46、和主谓一致。句意：周五，中国通过了一项允许夫妇生育三个孩子的法律修正案。根据时 间状语on Friday可知应用一般过去时，主语A law amendment和pass为被动关系，主语为单数名词，谓语 动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填was passedo【37题详解】考查名词的数。句意：旨在鼓励生育的支助措施，例如保护妇女的工作权利和降低教育费用，也得到订正 的人口和计划生育法的法律支持。measure为可数名词，根据后文such as protecting womens workplace rights and lowering education costs” 可知应用复数形式。故填 me

47、asureso【38题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：旨在鼓励生育的支持性措施，如保护妇女的工作场所权利和降低教育费用，也在 修订后的人口和计划生育法中得到法律支持。作介词的宾语，需填动名词作宾语。故填lowering。【39题详解】考查最高级。句意：根据最新的全国调查，去年60岁及以上的人口比例上升到18.7%,而出生率下降到每 个妇女个孩子。定冠词the修饰形容词最高级，表示“最新的”应用latest。故填latest。【40题详解】考查动词时态。句意：根据最新的全国调查，去年60岁及以上的人口比例上升到18.7%,而出生率下降到 每个妇女个孩子。根据时间状语“last year”可知，此处使

48、用一般过去时。故填dropped。【41题详解】考查冠词。句意：全国人大官员张贵龙表示，对该法律的修订旨在确保从长远来看能够朝着实现人口平衡 发展的目标取得进展。official为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且official发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词 an修饰。故填an。【42题详解】考查形容词。句意：全国人大官员张贵龙表示，对该法律的修订旨在确保从长远来看能够朝着实现人口平 衡发展的目标取得进展。空处需填形容词balanced,作定语，修饰名词短语population developmento故填 balanced o【43题详解】考查介词。句意：特别是，此次修订的法律将推动建立负担得起的保育服务体系。结合句意表示“特别是 可知短语为in particular,句首单词首字母要大写。故填In。【44题详解】考查定语从句。句意：针对“三胎”政策可能会加剧对职业女性的性别歧视的担