2022届山西省晋城市普通高中高三下学期4月二模考试英语试题及答案.docx

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1、秘密启用前2022届山西省晋城市普通高中高三下学期4月二模考试英语试题祝考试顺利（含答案）本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分,考试时间120分钟。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much i s the shirt?A. 19. 15. B. 9. 18. C. 9. 15.答案是Co1. Where does the conversat i on

2、take pI ace?A. At Tims home.B. In a bookstore.C. In a cafe.2. What does the man I ike about the T-shirt?A. The I ove I y co I or.B. The popuI ar sty Ie.C. The coo I p i cture.A. Stay i ndoors.4.How does the manfee I about the news?A. Surpr i sed.B. Unconcerned.C. Sat i sf i ed.5.Why does the mantaIk

3、 to the woman?A. To return her card.B. To express thanks.C. To check her pocket.3.What d i d the man i ntend to do today?B. Go for a wa I k. C. Wr i te e-ma i I s.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22. 5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选 出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟；听完后,各小题 将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听

4、第6段材料，回答第6、7题。些不经常吃或喝含有咖啡因的产品的参与者在研究一系列图片5分钟后，要么服用安慰剂，要 么服用咖啡因药片。第二天，两组人都接受了识别前一天学习时照片的能力测试）”可知， 该段主要详细介绍了实验的过程。故选B项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“However, us i ng these i terns requ i res the bra i n to make a more difficult d i scr imi nat i on-what we ca I I pattern separat i on, wh i ch seems to be the proc

5、ess that i s improved by caffe i ne i n our case.（然而，使用这些物品需要大脑做出更 困难的区分我们称之为模式分离,在我们的例子中，这个过程似乎是由咖啡因改善的。）” 可推断,研究人员使用相似的图片是为了增加区别辨认的难度，从而探究咖啡因是否有助于提 高记忆力。故选c项。10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的内容,尤其是“By offer ing caffeine after the study session, we ru Ie out a I I of these effects and make sure that if there i s

6、 an improvement, it s due to memory and nothing e I se.（通过在学习结束后提供咖啡因,我们排除了所有这些影响, 并确定如果有改善,那是因为记忆力,而不是其它。）”可知,这次实验和以往的实验的不同之处 在于，参与者是在看完图片后摄入咖啡因的。故选D项。11题详解】推理判断题。通读全文,尤其是文章第一段uNow, researchers at Johns Hopkins University have found its another use: improv i ng our memory.（现在，约翰霍普金斯大学的研究人员 发现了它的另一去

7、用途:提高我们的记忆力用 和第二段“but its particular effect on strengthen i ng memory has never been proved （但它对增强记忆力的特殊作用从未得到证实）” 以及最后段中 “By offer i ng caffe i ne after the study sess i on, we ru I e out a I I of these effects and make sure that i f there i s an i mprovement, it s due to memory and noth i ng else.

8、（通过在学习结束后提供咖啡因,我们排除了所有这些影响,并确定如果有改善,那是因为 记忆力,而不是其它。）”可推断,文中实验的目的主要是想证明咖啡因对记忆力有积极的影响。 故选D项。DAs gIobaI cI imate change becomes more ser ious, growing crops wi I I be a major chaI Ienge. Mass i ve heat waves and droughts （干旱）are a I ready do i ng harm to farmers:Over the next three decades, Ca I i forn

9、 i a5 s San Joaqu i n Vai ley a I one cou I d I ose up to 535, 000 acres of farmi ng I and as a resu11 of the shortage of water suppI i es.Jenn i fer Brophy wants to he Ip so Ive that prob Iem. She5 s an ass i stant professor of bioengineer ing at Stanford, and works on methods that she hopes wi I I

10、 be used to change crop spec i es so that they can surv i ve severe cond i t i ons. At present, Brophy i s deve loping new genetic （基因的）engineer i ng techn i ques that can he I p crops surv i ve droughts.I n order to promote pI ants to respond to extreme cI imate, Brophy i s bu i Id i ng what she ca

11、lls “genetic circuits” . Bes i des changing the genes within pI ant cel Is, th i s method a I so changes how and when those genes are act i vated. I f the pI ant senses a specif ic sugar, it can express one protei n （蛋白质）；if it senses another s igna I, it I I express a d i ff erent prote i n, kickin

12、g off an ent i re I y separate cha i n of events. I f both s i gna I s are there, the p I ant may be ab I e to express someth i ng e I se ent i re I y. uUs i ng c i rcu i ts, you can have p I ants respond i n new ways to a I I these d i fferent i nputs, she says.“Normally, a pI ant doesn5 t necessar

13、 i Iy know what5 s comi ng. 11 just knows i f i t5 s hot or temperate r i ght now, 55 says Brophy. Th i s can I ead to prob I ems when weather becomes unstab Ie: A pI ant that usuaI Iy fIowers i n spr i ng may fIower i n wi nter i f there5 re a few unseasonabIy warm days. When temperatures fa I I qu

14、ickly aga i n, the f I owers d i e and ru i n a year of crops. It d be great to be ab I e to commun i cate with p I ants to te I I them, Hey, you shou I d wa i t on that f I ower i ng, she adds.ControI I i ng plants growth at th i s I eve I i s exciting, but actuaI Iy putt i ng i t i nto pract i ce

15、i s not an easy task. At the moment, Brophy i s test i ng the method i n the Iab us i ng a smaI I weedy pI ant cal led Arab i dops i s. She5 s still i n the process of f i gur i ng out how to act i vate certa i n genes on command.12. Why i s California s San Joaqu i n Vai ley ment i oned?A. To prove

16、 the s i gn i f i cance of growi ng more crops.B. To po i nt out the barr i er to i ncreas i ng water suppI i es.C To show the harmfuI effect of cI imate change on farmi ng.D. To teI I the root cause of more severe globaI cI imate change.13. What i s the expected funct i on of genet i c c i rcu i ts

17、?A. Great i ng warmer I i v i ng conditions. B. I ncreas i ng pI ants5 exposure to nature.C. ControI I i ng plants growth on demand. D. Mon i tor i ng the prote i n i n the pI ants. 14. What does the text say about Jennifer Brophy5 s research?A. It still has a Iong way to go.B. It is actuaI Iy an ea

18、sy task.C. 11 has proved successfuI.D. It turns out mean i ng I ess.15. What is the text mainly about?A. A v i ctor i ous batt Ie aga i nst globaI warming. B. A way to he Ip crops surv i ve cI imate change.C. A sc i ent i f i c breakthrough i n b i oeng i neer i ng. D. A new type of crops res i stan

19、t to heat waves.【1215题答案】【答案】12. C 13. C 14. A 15. B解析1【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是斯坦福大学的助理教授Jennifer Brophy正在 研究一种方法,她希望可以通过改变植物的基因从而帮助庄稼在恶劣的环境下生存。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据上文“As globa I cI imate change becomes more ser ious, growing crops wi I I be a major cha I I enge. Mass i ve heat waves and droughts （干旱）are a I

20、 ready do i ng harm to farmers （随着全球气候变化变得越来越严重，种植作物将是一个重大挑战。大规模的 热浪和干旱已经对农民造成了伤害。）“可推断，文章提到Cal ifornias San Joaquin Vai ley 是为了说明气候变化给农业带来的有害影响。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段 “Using ci rcuits, you can have p I ants respond i n new ways to a I I these different inputs, 55 she says.（“使用电路，你可以让植物以新的方式对所有这 些不同

21、的输入做出反应，她说。）”以及第四段“ It d be great to be able to commun i cate with p I ants to te I I them, Hey, you shou I d wa i t on that f I ower i ng, she adds.（她补充道：“如果能够与植物交流，告诉它们嘿,你应该等它开花。那将是一件很棒的事情。“）”可知,基因电路的作用是按需控制植物的生长。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段 uAt the moment, Brophy i s test i ng the method in the lab us

22、 i ng a smaI I weedy pI ant cal led Arab i dops i s. She5 s still i n the process of f i gur i ng out how to act i vate certa i n genes on command.（目前,Brophy正在实验室用一种名为拟南芥的 小型杂草植物测试这种方法。她仍在研究如何在指令下激活某些基因。）”可推断，她的研究 还有很长的路要走。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是文章第二段“At present, Brophy is developing new genet i c

23、 （基 因的） engineer i ng techn i ques that can he I p crops surv i ve droughts.（目 前,Brophy正在开发新的基因工程技术，帮助作物在干旱中生存。）”可知，本文主要介绍了一 种帮助庄稼在恶劣的环境下生存下去的科学方法。故选Bo第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。When you fee I down, you are expect i ng to rece i ve support or comfort from yourf r i

24、 ends. Your f r i ends fee I the same way. However, i t may be not easy to cheer up your f r i ends whenyoucan5 t be by the i r s i de. 16Ask i f there5s anyth i ng you can do to he I p. Di fferent peop I e preferto becomfortedi n d i fferentways. Ask i f there5 s anyth i ng spec i f i cyoucan do to

25、he Ipyourf r i ends.7While you5 re talking on the phone,saysometh i ngI i ke,WhatcanI do to help? 15 m a I ways here i f you need anyth i ng.18 Th i s simple gesture can reaI Iy br i ghten your fr i ends5 day. If your fr iends are in need of comfort, send them frequent reminders that you5 re thinkin

26、g of them. Share something that reminded you of them. It wi I I Iet your fr iends know that they5 re still important in your I ife even if they5 re far away.L i st why you th i nk they5 re spec i a I.19 Send them a I i st of a I I the reasonswhy you th i nk they5 re amaz i ng. Whether i t be the i r

27、 k i nd and compass i onate （富有同 情心的）nature, the i r sense of sty I e, or the i r ab i I i ty to f i nd the coo I est mus i c, te I I them why you are so gratefu I to know them. After read i ng what you have I i sted, theywi I I fee I encouraged.Send them a gi ft. Surpr i se them with someth i ng sp

28、eci a I to make thei r day. Arrange for f I owers to be de I i vered to the i r apartment or ma i I them one of the i r favor i te a I bums.20 A homemade gift, I ike a knitted （针织的）scarf or a piece of artwork, wi I I I i ft the i r spirits a I I the same.A. Send a gift to them to ceIebrate thei r su

29、ccess.B. Thankfully, there are many ways you can he Ip.C. Therefore, you can visit them to cheer them up.D. Text them to Iet them know they5 re on your mind.E. You don5 t have to go a I I out i n terms of spend i ng.F. If they5 ve been down on themseIves I ate Iy, they may need a remi nder.G. The qu

30、est i on a I one wi I I show you care, and they wi I I apprec i ate your k i nd offer. 【1620题答案】【答案】16. B 17. G 18. D 19. F 20. E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是当远方的朋友需要安慰或鼓励的时候，你该如 何给予他们关心呢？本文给出了一些建议。【16题详解】根据空前“However, it may be not easy to cheer up your fr iends when you can5 t be by their side.（然而，当你不

31、能陪在朋友身边时，让他们高兴起来可能并不容易。）”及下文提到 的几个方法可知，选项B Thankfu I I y, there are many ways you can he Ip.（值得庆幸的是， 有很多方法可以帮助你。）”承上启下，符合题意。故选B。【17题详解】根据空前 “Ask i f there5 s anyth i ng spec i f i c you can do to he I p your f r i ends.（问问 你的朋友是否有什么特别的事情你可以做来帮助他们。）”可知，作者建议你主动询问朋友是否 需要帮助。 选项 G “The quest i on a I one

32、 wi I I show you care, and they wi I I apprec i ate your kind offer.（这个问题本身就会显示出你的关心，他们也会感谢你的好意。）”中的“the question”与上文一致。故选G。【18题详解】此空为段首空。根据下文“If your fr iends are in need of comfort, send them frequent remi nders that you5 re th i nk i ng of them. Share someth i ng that remi nded you of them.（如 果你的

33、朋友需要安慰，经常提醒他们你在想念他们。分享一些让你想起他们的事情。）”可知， 本段指的是与朋友保持联系。选项D uText them to I et them know they5 re on your mi nd.（给 他们发短信，让他们知道你在想他们。）”符合题意,与下文一致。故选D。【19题详解】根据下文 “Send them a list of all the reasons why you think they5 re amazing.（给他 们发一份清单，列出你认为他们很棒的原因。）”以及本段最后一句After reading what you have I i sted, th

34、ey will feel encouraged.（读完你所列出的原因，他们会感到受到鼓舞。）” 可知，这里指的是朋友心情不好，低落的时候你该怎样做。选项F If they ve been down on themselves lately, they may need a reminder.（如果他们最近情绪低落，他们可能需要提醒。” 符合题意，与上下文一致。故选F。20题详解】根据空前 uAr range for f I owers to be de I i vered to the i r apartment or ma i I them one of their favorite a I

35、 bums.（送花到他们的公寓，或者寄给他们一本他们最喜欢的相册。）”可知 此时可买礼物送给朋友。再根据下文“A homemade gift, I ike a knitted （针织的）scarf or a p i ece of artwork, wi I I I i ft the i r spirits a I I the same.（一件自制的礼物，比如一条 编织的围巾或一件艺术品，同样会振奋他们的精神。/可知,礼物无需多贵，心意到了就可以。选项 E “You don5 t have to go a I I out i n terms of spend i ng.（在支出方面，不必倾尽所有

36、。）“与上下文一致。故选E。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和DUi个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I was driving my 5-year-old son home when I saw a home I ess man i n the med i an str i p （中央分隔带）in the road.I wanted to g i ve the man some 21, but I didn t have any cash. My son22the man as we I

37、 I and he i ns i sted that I give the man the 30 cents he had.It seemed that he had read my 23 and he responded out Ioud.I was more than 24 that he wanted to he I p, but honest I y, I was 25.I d i dn5 t want to give just 30 cents to th i s man who c I ear I y 26 more he I p.My own pr i de and 27 ove

38、r the home I ess man s d i sappo i nted react i on to 28 just two co i ns stood i n the way.I quickly rea I i zed that I was the on I y 29 i n the s i tuat i on and that the traff i c I i ght wou I d turn green soon. I then thought to myse I f, u 15 ve been teach i ng h i m about 30 others and now t

39、hat he wants to gi ve everyth i ng he can 31 ,I shouIdn5 t let my persona I self-centeredness 32 th i s act of kindness.”I a I most to I d my son, Let s wa i t to 33unt i I we at I east have one dol lar.I almost told my son that what he had wasn5 t 34. I almost showed him thatwhat he saw as a good t

40、h i ng cou I dn5 t make a 35 i n someone5 s I i fe. I a I most taught him that persona I 36 was more important than helping another human.37, I quickly got r i d of that fooI i shness.I then roI led down the window and said to the man,m sorry. I don5 t have any cash on me, but my 5-year-oId son back

41、 in the 38 wants to gi ve you everything he has r i ght now.To my 39, the smile on that man* s face I it up the i ntersect i on. The on I yth i ng that matched the my boy5 s face.40of that stranger5s smile was the bigger smile on21. A. equ i pment22. A. comforted23. A. apology24. A. happy25. A. thr

42、i I I ed26. A. needed27. A. advantage28. A. owing29. A. p I an30. A. helpingB. i nformat i onB. taughtB. mindB. confusedB. hes i tantB. rejectedB. worryB. donat i ngB. changeB. forg i v i ngC. moneyC. not i cedC. orderC. angryC. d i sappo i ntedC. over IookedC. cur iosityC. rece i v i ngC. resultC.

43、followingD. adv i ceD. attractedD. futureD. ashamedD. re I i evedD. assessedD. controID. I end i ngD. prob IemD. to I erat i ng31. A.abandonB.32. A.preserveB.33. A.giveB.34. A.enoughB.35. A.messB.36. A.k i ndnessB.37. A.Unfortunate I y B.38. A.bankB.39. A.horrorB.40. A.d i sappearance B.【2140题答案】【答案

44、】21. C 22. CrecordC.promoteC.escapeC.rea IC.cho i ceC.pr i deC.ThankfuI IyC.garageC.embarrassment C.chaI IengeC.23. B 24. Aach i eve forget fight simple d i fference generos i ty Initial Iycarsadness pressure25. B 26. AD. offerD. ru i nD. dr i veD. worth I essD. wi shD. successD. Casua I I yD. roadD

45、. surpr i seD. br i ghtness27. B 28. C 29D 30. A 31. D32. D 33. A34. A 35. C36. B 37. B 38. C39. D 40. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在开车载儿子回家的路上看到了一个无家可归的人，作者想 给他一些钱,但是作者没有现金。5岁的儿子提出将自己身上仅有的30美分给那个人，但是作 者觉得30美分太少,一直犹豫不决。最终作者经过一系列的内心挣扎后将30美分现金给了那 个无家可归的人。令作者意想不到的是,那个人和作者儿子都感到无比开心。21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想给那个人一些钱，但是

46、我身上没有现金。A. equipment设备； B. information信息;B money钱;D. advice建议。根据后半句中的cash,以及后一句My son 2 the man as we I I and he i ns i sted that I g i ve the man the 30 cents he had.（我 儿子也注意到了那个人,他坚持让我把他身上的30美分给那个人）”可知,设空处应填moneyo 故选C项。22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我儿子也注意到了那个人,他坚持让我把他身上的30美分给那个人。 A. comforted 安慰；B. taught 教；C

47、. noticed 注意；D. attracted 吸引。根据第一段“I was driving my 5-year-o I d son home when I saw a home I ess man i n the med i an str i p （中央分隔带）in the road.（我开车载5岁的儿子回家，这时我看到一个无家可归的人在路上的中央 分隔带区）”，可推断,作者和他的儿子都注意到了隔离带区的那个人。故选C项。23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他似乎看透了我的心思,还大声地回应了我。A. apology道歉；B. mind 心灵；C. order 命令；D. future 未来。根据前文“I wanted to g i ve the man some 1 , but I didn t have any cash. My son 2 the man as we I I and hei ns i sted that I give the man the 30 cents he had.（我想给那个人一些钱,但是我身上没 有现金。我儿子也注意到了那个人,他坚持让我把他身上的30美分给那个人。）”可知,儿子注 意到了那个人,也注意到作者想帮忙却心有余力不足,所以儿子坚持拿出自己的钱,用行动来帮 助作者，也帮助那人。所以，read one5 s mind,意