冲刺2022年高考英语真题重组卷四（北京专用）（解析版）.docx

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1、冲刺2022年高考真题重组卷04 （北京地区专用）英语试题考前须知：1 .答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2 .回答选择题时，选出每题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡 皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。本试卷共11页，共100分.考试时长90分钟. 第一局部 知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每题L 5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该 项涂黑.（20

2、21北京北师大实验中学三模）Karie double-checked the words on her spelling test. If she got 100 percent today, shed win her classs First-Quarter Spelling Challenge.Three more words to go. N-i-c-e-l-y, Q-u-i-c-k-l-y, H-o-n-e-s-t-y. Wait! Shed spelled honesty, not honestly I She erased the t-y and wrote l-y before

3、handing in her paper.After recess, Karie hurried into the classroom. She fidgeted （坐立不安）in her seat. Ms. McCormack walked to the front and cleared her throat. Congratulations. Karie! You did it!” The whole class 1.Ms. McCormack presented Karie with her prizea2. Karie grinned as she read the 3: toKar

4、ie for her perfect first-quarter score in spelling.Karie 4 the front door after school. Karie scooped up （抱起）her cat. Can you spell nicely, Casper? And quickly and honestly, and . Karies stomach tumbled to the floor. Honestly0! H-O-N-E-S-L-Y! It suddenly struck her that she had 5 the word.Karie went

5、 to her room and 6 on how she could tell the class she hadnt earned the prize after all? She couldnt sleep but kept tossing and turning in bed all night.Ms. McCormack was unlocking the classroom door when Karie got to school the next morning. You are a（n）7 bird. Ms. McCormack said. Karies hands trem

6、bled. She gave her teacher the spelling paper and the dictionary. I cant keep this. I misspelled honestly and you didnt 8 it. ” “Come and sit down, Karie.” For a moment, Ms. McCormack stood quietly reading the words on the dictionary. Then she picked up her pen. She crossed out the word perfect and

7、wrote honest before handing the dictionary back to Karie. Karies jaw dropped. get to keep this. 9?” For honestly, no. Ms. McCormack smiled. “But for 10,yes791. A. interruptedB , eruptedC. hesitatedD. followed2. A. bookB. penC. dictionaryD. certificate3. A. prizeB. giftC. labelD. letter4. A. pushed o

8、verB. pulled downC. broke intoD. burst through5. A. misunderstoodB. misspelledC. misinterpretedD. misjudged6. A. reflectedB dawnedC. decidedD. concentratedMan is a victim of dope （麻醉品）In the incurable form of hope.The hundreds of scholars who signed the letter are intent（执着）on quieting hope that ign

9、ores preparedness. “Lets look directly into the issue of collapse/, they say, “and deal with the terrible possibilities of what we see there to make the best of a troubling future.32. What does the underlined word “germane“ in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A.Scientific.B.Credible.C.Original.D.Relevant.3

10、3. As for the public awareness of global collapse, the author is.A.worriedB.puzzledC.surprisedD.scared34. What can we learn from this passage?A. The signatories may change the biophysical limits.B. The author agrees with the message of the poem.C. The issue of collapse is being prioritized.D. The gl

11、obal collapse is well underway.【答案】32. D 33. A 34. B【解析】这是一篇说明文，文章阐述了全球崩塌（global collapse）的概念。数百名科学家、作家和学者在 去年12月发表的一封公开信中向全人类发出了警告：政策制定者和我们每个人必须直面“全球崩塌”的风 险。文章具体阐释了学者们对这一概念的定义、理解和它的现实意义。32 .词义猜想题。根据该词所在的具体语境，第三段第一句The call for public engagement with the unthinkable is especially germane in this mom

12、ent of still-uncontrolled pandemic and economic crises in the world*s most technologically advanced nations. （呼吁公众对世界不确定性的关注，尤其与此时此刻的情况密 切相关：此时此刻，在世界上技术最先进的国家，仍处于无法控制流行病和经济危机的泥潭中），下文也 提到，一场病毒肆虐，一个国家社会停止了运转，大流行无法控制，经济下行，这样的事情在不久之前都 是无法想象，不可思议（unthinkable）的，即世界充满了不确定性。而此时此刻呼吁人们对这种unthinkable 加以关注,正是和此

13、时此刻的世界实况密切相关。A. Scientific科学的；B.Credible可信的,可靠的；C. Original原来的，原创的；D. Relevant相关的，有重大关系的。根据上面的分析，仅有D符合语境，应选 Do.推理判断题。此题要求判断作者的情感态度，根据原文第五段“yet messengers of the coming disturbance are likely to be ignored. We all want to hope things will turn out fine.（然而未来崩溃的先行信号很可能被忽 略，我们都希望事情在未来会变好）和倒数最后一段的呼吁，例如“

14、Let，s look directly into the issue of collapse； they say, “and deal with the terrible possibilities of what we see there to make the best of a troubling future.（他们说，“让我们直面全球崩塌的议题，真正去解决我们看到的可能的糟糕情况，以便使未来没 那么糟。可知，作者认为公众对“全球崩塌”的重视意识不够，比拟担忧，A. worried担忧的；B. puzzled 困惑的，茫然的；C.surprised惊讶的；D. scared害怕的，综合

15、以上的分析，可见作者对此是“担忧的”，故选Ao.推理判断题。原文诗歌is a victim of dope; In the incurable form of hope（人类是麻醉品的受害者； 沉迷于无可救药的幻想中）表达的是，人类无视未来全球崩塌的巨大危险，把头埋进沙子里，假装不知道， 充满不切实际的幻想和希望。而诗歌前面的段落就提到“yet messengers of the coming disturbance are likely to be ignored. We all want to hope things will turn out fine.（然而未来崩溃的先行信号很可能被忽

16、略，我们都希 望事情在未来会变好），结合上下文，这里指的是人们都幻想着未来就会变好。诗歌之后的最后一段那么提 至U执着于“quieting hope that ignores preparedness.”（掐灭不做准备的空有幻想），接着又借学者之口，提到 “Lets look directly into the issue of collapse5 they say, “and deal with the terrible possibilities of what we see there to make the best of a troubling future.（他们说，“让我们直面全

17、球崩塌的议题，真正去解决我们看到的 可能的糟糕情况，以便使未来没那么糟。”）可见，上下文一脉相承，表达相同的一方观点，未对另一方 的观点有任何呈现，理解文章后可知，作者有明显的态度倾向，作者对于这首诗表达的信息是赞同的，故 选B。第二节（共5小题；每题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.选项中 有两项为多余选项.（2018：|匕京高考真题）Why Do We Get Angry?Anger seems simple when we are feeling it, but the causes of anger are vari

18、ous. Knowing these causes can make us examine our behavior, and correct bad habits. The main reasons we get angry are triggering （触发）events, personality traits （特征）,and our assessment of situations. 35Triggering events for anger are so many that to describe them all would take hundreds of pages. How

19、ever, here are some examples: being cut off in traffic, a deadline approaching, experiencing physical pain, and much more.36 The reason why someone is triggered by something and others are not is often due to onespersonal history and psychological traits.Each person, no matter who they are, has psyc

20、hological imbalances. People who have personality traits that connect with competitiveness and low upset tolerance are much more likely to get angry. 37 Also, sometimes pre-anger does not have to do with a lasting condition, but rather a temporary state before a triggering event has occurred.38 Some

21、times even routine occurrences become sources of pre-anger, or anger itself. Sometimes ignorance and negative （消极的）outlooks on situations can create anger.39 However, anger can easily turn violent, and it is best to know the reasons for anger to appear in order to prevent its presence. With these ma

22、in reasons in mind, we can evaluate our level of anger throughout the day and prevent cases of outbursts by comprehending the reasons for our feelings.A. Our attitude and viewpoint on situations can create anger within us as well.B. But some types of situations can help us to get rid of the occurren

23、ce of anger.C. Anger is rarely looked upon as a beneficial character trait, and is usually advised to reduce it.D. Anger is a particularly strong feeling and maybe people think that they have reasons to feel angry.E. Having these personality traits implies the pre-anger state, where anger is in the

24、background of your mind.F. Understanding these reasons will control our own anger if we are willing to evaluate ourselves with a critical eye.G. Not everyone acts the same in response to events, and that is why what triggers one person may or may not trigger another.【答案】35. F 36. G 37. E 38. A 39. D

25、【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章分析了导致人们生气的三个原因并指出如何防止愤怒爆发。35 .考查上下文理解和逻辑推理能力。上一句提到导致人们生气的三个主要原因：triggering （触发）events, personality traits （特征），our assessment of situations,下面的几段具体分析了这三个原因与生气的关系。故 该句应该起承上启下的作用，故F选项（如果我们愿意用批判性的目光来评估自己的话，那么了解这些原 因将会控制我们的愤怒。）承上启下，应选F。36 .考查上下文理解和逻辑推理能力。该空前面两句提到引发愤怒的事件很多，例如：堵车，截止日期临 近，身体疼

26、痛等。下一句提到：某件事会激发一个人的怒气，但其他人却不会为此而生气的原因是由于个 人的历史和心理特征。该空承上启下，应当提到某件事会使某些人生气，但不会使别人生气这个现象，故 G选项（人们对这些事情的反响不一样，这就导致使一个人生气的事情可能会让另一个人生气，也可能不 会让另一个人生气。）承上启下，应选G。37 .考查上下文理解和逻辑推理能力。上一句提到：每个人都有自己的心里不平衡的地方。那些比拟好强, 气量比拟小的人更容易生气。下一句提到：而且，有时候，pre-anger并不一定是一种持久的状态，而是一 种触发事件发生前的暂时状态。该空承上启下，既要提到上一句中的那些性格特征，又要提到下一

27、句中的 pre-anger, 故 Having these personality traits implies the pre-anger state, where anger is in the background of your mind.（拥有这些个性特征意味着愤怒之前的状态，愤怒就在你的大脑背景中。）承上启下，应选E。38 .考查上下文理解和逻辑推理能力。下一句提到：有时候，甚至常规性的事件也会变成pre-anger或恼怒 的来源。有时候对这些情况的无知和负面观点会产生愤怒。该空位于段首，引出下文，故A选项（我们的 对情况的态度和看法也会在我们内心产生愤怒。）是本段的主题句，概括全

28、段内容，应选A。39 .考查上下文理解和逻辑推理能力。下一句提到：但是生气很容易转变为暴力，所以最好了解一下愤怒 的原因来阻止它的存在。该句和上一句之间是转折关系，结合剩余选项可知，D选项（愤怒是一种特别强 烈的感情，或许人们认为他们有理由生气。）和下文构成转折关系，应选D。第三局部 书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答以下问题.请在答题卡指定区域作答.（2021 北京人大附中三模）For millions of Facebook users, choosing which photo t

29、o use for an online profile is an important decision. According to a study by researchers at the UT Dallas Center, the photos we select may reflect individual preferences, but they also appear to reflect more deeply rooted, unconscious cultural differences. Previous research has shown that culture c

30、an affect not only language and custom, but also how we experience the world and process information. Western cultures, for example, condition people to think of themselves as highly independent entities （实体）,whereas East Asian cultures stress collectivism and interdependence.Dr. Denise Park, co-dir

31、ector of the Center at UT Dallas, and former graduate student Dr. Chih-Mao Huang of the University of Illinois, were curious about whether these patterns of cultural influence extend to cyberspace. In a paper published in the International Journal of Psychology, they examined the profile photographs

32、 of more than 500 active Facebook users from the United States and East Asia. Overall, they found that profile photos of Americans are more likely to focus on the individuafs face, while the profiles of East Asians tend to less emphasize the face and include more background features. Americans also

33、show greater smile intensity compared to East Asian Facebook users.The findings show marked cultural differences in the focus of attention among East Asian and American Facebook users. Moreover, they echo previous research on cultural influences on visual perception （感知）， attention, and reasoning in

34、 the offline world.We believe these findings relate to a cultural bias to be more individualistic and independent in the US and more communal and interdependent in Asia,1 said Park.The research also found that cultural influences over our self-presentation online can shift over time and from place t

35、o place. In one of the study samples, Americans studying in Japan and Japanese studying in the United States both showed a tendency to adjust their profile photos to the general preferences of their host country.“Facebook constitutes an extended social context in which personal profiles mirror vario

36、us individual characteristics, private thoughts, and social behaviors/ noted Huang. HAs such, the study presents a new approach to investigate cognition and behaviors across cultures by using Facebook as a data collection platform.n 40. What may an online profile photo reflect?41. According to the r

37、esearch, how are American and East Asian Facebook users different in choosing their profile photos?42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. In one of the study samples, Americans studying in Japan showed a tendency to adjust their profile p

38、hotos to the general preferences of their host country because they want to maintain a good relationship with their Japanese friends.43. Describe the profile photo you use for your social media such as WeChat or Weibo. Why do you choose it? 【答案】40. It may reflect individual preferences and more deep

39、ly rooted, unconscious cultural differences.44. Facebook users in America are more likely to use profile photos that focus on their faces, while the photos of East Asians tend to less emphasize the face and include more background features. Americans also show greater smile intensity compared to Eas

40、t Asian Facebook users.45. In one of the study samples, Americans studying in Japan showed a tendency to adjust their profile photos to the general preferences of their host country because they want to maintain a good relationship with their Japanese friends. Americans studying in Japan showed a te

41、ndency to adjust their profile photos to the general preferences of their host country because the culture of their host country has an influence on their self-presentation online.46. possible version 1:1 use a picture of a coffee mug as my profile photo. I use it because it is my favorite coffee mu

42、g and I want everyone to admire it. Besides, I am careful about privacy and dont want to display my face to strangers online.possible version 2:1 use a picture of myself as my profile photo, and in the picture 1 am smiling confidently. I used it because I want people to feel that I am a confident pe

43、rson and I am trustworthy.【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了我们在社交媒体选择的照片作为自己的头像可能反映了个人 偏好，但它们似乎也反映了更根深蒂固的、无意识的文化差异。40 .细节理解题。根据文章第一段According to a study by researchers at the UT Dallas Center, the photos we select may reflect individual preferences, but they also appear to reflect more deeply rooted, unconscious

44、cultural differences.（根据德克萨斯大学达拉斯中心研究人员的一项研究，我们选择的照片可能反映了个人偏好，但 它们似乎也反映了更根深蒂固的、无意识的文化差异。户可知，一张网上的个人资料照片会反映出个人偏 好和更加根深蒂固，无意识的文化差异。故答案为It may reflect individual preferences and more deeply rooted, unconscious cultural differences.41 .细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Overall, they found that profile photos of Americans a

45、re more likely to fbcus on the individuals face, while the profiles of East Asians tend to less emphasize the face and include more background features. Americans also show greater smile intensity compared to East Asian Facebook users.（总的 来说，他们发现美国人的头像照片更倾向于关注个人的面部，而东亚人的头像往往不太强调面部，包含更 多的背景特征。与东亚脸书用户

46、相比，美国人的微笑程度也更高。户可知，Facebook用户在美国更有可能 使用档案照片，关注他们的脸，而东亚人的照片往往比拟强调的脸，包括更多的背景特征。与东亚脸书用 户相比，美国人的微笑程度也更高。故答案为 Facebook users in America are more likely to use profile photos that focus on their faces, while the photos of East Asians tend to less emphasize the face and include more background features. Am

47、ericans also show greater smile intensity compared to East Asian Facebook users.42 .细节理解题。根据文章第五段In one of the study samples, Americans studying in Japan and Japanese studying in the United States both showed a tendency to adjust their profile photos to the general preferences of their host country.

48、（在其中一个研究样本中，在日本留学的美国人和在美国留学的日本人都倾向于根据所在 国的总体喜好来调整自己的头像。广可知，在日本留学的美国人倾向于根据所在国的总体喜好来调整个人 资料照片，因为所在国的文化会影响他们在网上的自我表现。故答案为In one of the study samples, Americans studying in Japan showed a tendency to adjust their profile photos to the general preferences of their host country_ because they want to maint

49、ain a good 】elationship with thei】 Japanese friends. Americans studying in Japan showed a tendency to adjust their profile photos to the general preferences of their host country because the culture of their host country has an influence on their self-presentation online.43 .开放题。考生言之有理那么可。参考答案为：possible version 1:1 use a picture of a coffee mug as my prof