2022-2023学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册Unit 5 单元语法和重点词汇讲练导学案.docx

《2022-2023学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册Unit 5 单元语法和重点词汇讲练导学案.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022-2023学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册Unit 5 单元语法和重点词汇讲练导学案.docx（17页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、UNIT 5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD单元语法定语从句(II )关系副词的用法1概述当引导定语从句的关系词在从句中作时间、地点、原因状语时，应使用关系副词when, where, whyo关系副词的作用如下：(1)指代表示时间、地点、原因的先行词；(2)在从句中充当句子成分状语；(3)起连接作用，把主句和定语从句连接起来。There are occasions when (on which) one must yield.任何人者R有不得不屈服的时候。Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.北京是我的出生地。

2、Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？找出句中的关系副词及定语从句修饰的先行词(1) There was a time when I hated to go to school.(2) It is a world of wonders, a world where anything can happen.(3) The reason why he did not come is quite clear.2关系副词引导的定语从句(1) when引导的定语从句when表示时间，代替先行词并在定

3、语从句中作时间状语，其先行词往往是表示时间的名词如time, day, week.year 等。There comes a time when you have to make a choice.你必须作出抉择的时候到了。Gone are the days when they could do what they liked,他们为所欲为的日子一去不复返了。We II put off the picnic until next week, when the weather may be better.我们将把野餐推迟到下星期，那时天气可能会好一点儿。【误区警示】领先行词是时间名词时，定语从句既

4、可用when引导，也可以用that或which引导，关键看关系词在从句中作何 种成分。假设关系词在定语从句中作状语，那么用when引导,假设关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，那么用that或which 引导。Don1 t forget the time (that/which) r ve told you,不要忘记我告诉你的时间。I can never forget the days when we worked together,我永远不会忘记我们一起工作的日子。(2) where引导的定语从句where表示地点，代替先行词并在定语从句中作地点状语,其先行词往往是表示地点的名词如place,

5、factory, house, village 等，或表示抽象地点的名词如 position, point, case, stage, situation, atmosphere 等。This is the village where he was born.这就是他出生的村子。Mary was working in Aubury, where she went daily in a bus.玛丽在奥伯里工作，每天得坐公共汽车去上班。【误区警示】领先行词是地点名词时，如果关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，那么用that或which引导定语从句。He works in a factory that

6、/which makes TV sets.他在一家电视机厂工作。(3) why引导的定语从句why表示原因，代替先行词并在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词是表示理由的名词reason。We don t know the reason why he didn t show up,我们不知道他为什么没有来。【误区警示】假设代替先行词reason的关系词在定语从句中不作状语，而是充当主语或宾语，那么用that或which引导定语从句。The reason that/which they told you is not true.他们给你的理由是不真实的。单句语法填空我们一直把他看作朋友，但在当前的紧急

7、关头，他原形毕露了。【词语积累】regarding prep.关于；有关单句语法填空(1) Please give my (regard) to your mother if you see her.(2) He has no regard other people1 s feeling.(3) 2019全国 I 卷 Mountains are regarded spiritual places by many cultures.(4) Whaf s your opinion (regard) shopping online?完成句子(5) I am always delighted when

8、 I receive an e-mail from you. (关于) the party on July 1st, I shall be pleased to attend.教材原句 p.62 .international students are beginning to 叩predate China1 s culture and history.国际学生开始欣赏中国的文化和历史10 appreciate vt.欣赏；重视；感激,领会%增值appreciate (one s) doing sth.感激(某人)做某事I would appreciate it if.如果我将不胜感激。He a

9、ppreciates your ability.他赏识你的才能。We appreciate your helping us.我们对你们给予我们的帮助表示感谢。I would appreciate it if you could point out my shortcomings.如果您能指出我的缺乏之处，我将不胜感激。I appreciated how serious the situation was.我意识到形势的严峻性。Houses will appreciate in value.房产会升值。【误区警示】、r appreciate + 事：I appreciate your help.

10、(1)感谢 ( thank+ 人：Thank you for your help.(2) appreciate后不接to do作宾语，也不能直接跟从句，需先接形式宾语it,然后再接从句，构成| would appreciate it if.句型。【词语积累】appreciation n,欣赏；感激show appreciation to向表示感激in appreciation of/for.感谢单句语法填空(1) I appreciate (give) the chance to work in your company two years ago.(2) I5 d appreciate if

11、 you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.(3) I wish to express my (appreciate) for your kindness.(4) We would appreciate your (let) us know of any problems.完成句子(5)(如果我将不胜感激)you could give me some instructions on how to learn chemistry.(6) He (向表示感源寸)those who gave him encourage

12、ment and help when he was in trouble.重点句式教材原句 p.62There are many reasons why this has been possible.其存续的原因颇多【句式分析】本句含有why引导的定语从句，修饰先行词reasonsothe reason + why引导的定语从句先行词为the reason且关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作原因状语时，常用why或for which来引导。This is the reason why more and more people always commit a crime.这也就是为什么越来越多的人犯

13、罪的原因。【归纳拓展】The reason (why. ) is that.(的)原因是It/This/That is because.这/ 那是因为(because 后接原因)It/This/That is why.这/那就是为什么(why后接结果)The reason why Jack made an apology to Mary is that he misunderstood her.杰克向玛丽抱歉的原因是他误解了她。Tom was late for work this morning. That was because he was caught in traffic.今天早上汤姆

14、上班迟到了，那是因为他遇上了堵车。That is why I voted against him.这就是我向他投了反对票的原因。【学法点拨】以上三个句式中，that, because和why引导的都是表语从句。单句语法填空(1) He fell asleep during the lecture. This was he got bored with it.(2) The reason he missed the bus was that he got up late.(3) He failed the exam again. The reason was he was too careles

15、s.同义句转换(4) He failed in the interview because he was too nervous and embarrassed. He was too nervous and embarrassed.he failed in the interview.The reason he failed in the interview is he was too nervous and embarrassed.教材原句 p.62 That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese peo

16、ple and culture.这个书 写体系对于中国人民与中国文化的统一具有非凡的意义。【句式分析】本句中was of great importance属于“be of+抽象名词”结构，相当于was very important。1 be of +抽象名词(1)可以转化为同根形容词的u be of +抽象名词”用来说明句子主语所具有的作用、重要性或意义等。这类名词有value, use, importance, help, significance, benefit 等。名词前可用 no, some, any, little, much, great 等词修饰。be of greatvalu

17、e importance use help二be veryvaluable important useful helpful(2)不可以转化为同根形容词的“beof+抽象名词”结构用来说明句子主语在重量、大小、颜色、类别等方面的特征。这类名词有color, size, age, height, weight, shape, type, kind, price, quality 等，名词前可用 different, the same, a (n) 等来修饰。 These pens are of many different colors.这些钢笔有许多不同的颜色。Your suitcase is

18、 of the same size with mine.你的手提箱和我的一样大。 单句语法填空(1) The two pairs of shoes are the same size.But they are different colour.(2) Honestly speaking, this speech is of great (important) to the college students who are short of experience of life.完成句子(3) Children need friends (与他们同龄的)to play with.(4) If s

19、 necessary to be prepared for a job interview. Having the answers ready will (很有帮助).(5) Although it is a second-hand table, (它常有价值). 同义句转换(6) This dictionary is very useful for middle school students.This dictionary for middle school students.教材原句 p.62 .no matter where Chinese people live or what di

20、alect they speak, they can all still communicate in writing.不管住在哪里，也不管说何种方言，中国人仍然能通过书写(文字)进行交流。【句式分析】本句中no matter where为“no matter +疑问词”结构，意为“不管；不管”。2 uno matter +疑问词”引导让步状语从句no matter意为“不管，无论，与what/who/when/where/how等疑问词连用，弓I导让步状语从句，相当于whatever/ whoever/whenever/wherever/however 等。No matter how com

21、plicated the situation was, he could deal with it successfully. 不管情况多么复杂，他都能应付自如。No matter what happens, r II always be there for you!不管发生什么，我永远都会在你身边！No matter where I want to go, it must be quiet and could make me regain the strength.不管是去哪儿，它一定是安静的能够让我重新获得力量的地方。【学法点拨】whatever, whichever, whoever既可

22、以引导让步状语从句,又可以引导名词性从句,引导名词性从句时,不可以替 换为no matter+what/which/whon 形式。Whatever David says sounds right to Helen. Thaf s why she has made up her mind to be with him whatever/no matter what happens.对于海伦来说，无论戴维说什么都是对的。那就是她决心无论发生什么事都要和他在一起的 原因。单句语法填空(1) One can always manage to do more things, no matter ful

23、l one1 s schedule is in life.(2) I will lend my e-dictionary to wants to look up words and promises to take good care of it.(3) r II do I can to help you.(4) hard I tried to think about it, what he said didn t really get across to me.(5) she goes, there are crowds of people waiting to see her. 完成句子(

24、6)不管在哪里，他都养成了早餐前散步的习惯。, he makes it a rule to go for a walk before breakfast.(7)无论发生什么，我们都必须保持镇定。, we must keep calm.教材原句 p.64.I could see the world from a different point of view.我能从不同的角度看这个世界。2 point of view 观点；看法搭配：from one s point of view依照某人的观点，在某人看来There are a number of different points of vie

25、w on this issue.关于这个问题有许多不同的观点。【归纳拓展】have/get a good view of 好好欣赏/ 观看in one1 s view按照某人的观点，在某人看来come into view 进入视野You can hear the roar and see the mist rise into the air before the falls come into view.瀑布尚未映入眼帘之前，你就可以听到怒吼般的水声，看到袅袅升至空中的雾气。完成句子(1) I respect your (观点)，but T m not sure I agree with yo

26、u.(2) (在我看来)，there is no way they can win.(3) You can (女子攵子欣赏)the beautiful sunrise and sunset from the window.教材原句 p.64 . the more I learnt of a language, the more my brain would grow.我对一门语言学得越多，我的大脑就越兴旺。1 the+比拟级，the +比拟级“the+比拟级(+主语+谓语)，the+比拟级(+主语+谓语)”意为“越,就越The more he drank, the more violent h

27、e became.他喝得越多，就变得越3王暴。The more, the better.多多益善。【学法点拨】在“the+比拟级(+主语+谓语)，the +比拟级(+主语+谓语)”结构中，第一个“the+比拟级”是表示条件 的状语从句，在表示将来意义的情况下，从句谓语用一般现在时表将来，第二个“the+比拟级”中谓语用一般将来 时。【归纳拓展】比拟级+ and +比拟级:越来越more and more + 多音节形容词原级 单句语法填空(1) The (hard) you work, the more progress you will make.(2) The more a person

28、(read), the wiser he or she will become.(3) With the winter approaching, the day becomes shorter shorter.完成句子(4) 越早越好。 The sooner, .(5) 你越小心，你犯的错误就越少。, the fewer mistakes you will make.(6)她发现那项工作越来越缺乏吸引力了。She found the job attractive.教材原句 p.66.our relationship is close and we re equals.我们关系密切，彼此平等eq

29、ual /?., adj. & iz(1) n.同等的人；相等物搭配:be without equal/have no equal 无与伦比,无敌She wasn* t his equal in intelligence,在智力上，她没法和他相比。His paintings are without equal.他的画无与伦比。3次相同的；同样的be equal in在方面相等be equal to与相等；能胜任/应付equal opportunities/rights 平等的机会/ 权利The two towns are roughly equal in size,这两个城镇的大小差不多。He

30、 is equal to the task,他有能力承当这项任务。(3) linking忆(在大小、数字、数量上)等于Two plus two equals four.二加二等于四。(4)匕比得上；敌得过搭配：A equals B in sth. A在某方面比得上BWith his last jump he equalled the world record.他的最后一跳平了世界纪录。【词语积累】equal + -ity - equality 平等 equal + -ly equally adv.相等地；同样地单句语法填空(1) They receive an income equal the

31、 value of the goods they produce.(2)词汇复现I don t think Jim is equal to ( transport) these valuable goods.(3) None of us can equal her, either beauty or as a dancer.(4) The island is (equal) attractive in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons.(5) The good thing about her as

32、 a boss is that she treats us all as (equal).完成句子(6) They are ( 样高)，but I think Jack (胜任)the job.(7) If s a challenging job but T m sure you* II it.这项工作很有挑战性，但是我相信你最终有能力完成它。教材原句 P.66.I must make it a question, not a demand.我得把它变成一个疑问句，而不是一个要求2 demand n. & vt. & vi.(1) n.要求；需求in demand有需求make demands

33、 on对提出要求on demand 一经要求satisfy/meet one5 s demands 满足某人的要求It was an unusually hot summer and air-conditioners were in great demand.那年夏天异常热，空调需求量很大。She was unwilling to meet his demands,她不愿意满足他的要求。(2) vt.强烈要求；需要demand to do sth.要求做某事demand that +主语(+should) +动词原形 要求He demanded to be told everything.=H

34、e demanded that he (should) be told everything,他要求将一切都告诉他。(3) vi.查问“Who are you? he demanded angrily.“你是谁? ” 他气势汹汹地查问。【学法点拨】demand后的宾语从句或同位语从句的谓语用”(should + )动词原形”。有类似用法的词还有require, request, suggest (建议)，advise 等。We demanded that he (should) chat with us at least once a week.我们要求他至少每周跟我们聊一次天。Our dem

35、and that he (should) contact us once a week is reasonable.我们要求他每周跟我们联系一次是合理的。单句语法填空(1) The Harry Potter books are quite popular ； they are great demand in this city.(2) Passengers must show their tickets demand.(3) The workers in the factory demanded that their pay (raise) by 20 percent.(4)词汇复现It se

36、emed that no matter whatxh cleaner did, more was demanded her.(5)词汇复现She demanded (tell) everything in /about it.完成句子(6) Rapid industrial growth(对提出新的要求)science and technology at present.(7) We just can t find good enough second-hand cars to (满足我们的要求).(8) The doctor demanded that Mary (在工作和玩耍之间保持平 衡

37、).教材原句 p.67Does the writer give a clear description of the problem?作者对这个问题有清楚的描述吗？3 description n,描写(文字)；形容beyond description无法形容；难以描述give a detailed/general/brief description of对作详尽的/概括性的/简短的描述Write a description of your favourite beach,描述一下你最喜欢的海滨胜地。The book contains descriptions of the author* s

38、childhood,这本书描写了作者的童年。The beauty of the West Lake is beyond description.西湖的美难以形容。单句语法填空(1) He gave me a detailed (describe) of how he managed to get the information.(2) It was a tiny little house, but everything in it was so clean, neat and elegant that it is description.完成句子(3) She (对作了简短的描述)the am

39、azing classroom.教材原句p.67 Does each sentence relate to the main idea?是否每句话都与主题有关？4 relate vt,联系；讲述relate to涉及；与相关；谈到relate.to.把和联系起来be related to 与有关/有联系relate sth. to sb.向某人讲述某事I need to relate this to what I do want.我要把这个和我真正想要的联系起来。If s a mystery as to exactly why lifespan is related to where you

40、live.关于为什么你所居住的地方和你的寿命有关仍是一个谜。He later related the whole story to me.他后来给我讲了整件事的来龙去脉。【词语积累】related adj.相关的；有(亲属)关系的 relation n.关系；亲属单句语法填空(1) It is said that this festival is related a legend (传说).(2) I found it difficult (relate) the two ideas in my mind.(3) Old Henry suffers from memory loss ( rel

41、ate) to his disease.(4) The study found a direct (relate) between smoking and lung cancer.完成句子(5) She (向我们讲述了)some of her experiences in Africa.(6) Theory should (与紧密联系) practice.重点句式教材原句 p.66 I used to get high marks in English, but now r m having a lot of trouble with my listening.以 前我的英语成绩还挺好的，但是

42、现在我的听力有很大的麻烦。1 used to do sth.过去常常做某事(强调现在不这样了)He used to overlook the small detail like that.他过去常忽略那样的小细节。【误区警示】used to有两种否认形式和两种疑问形式：否认形式used not to do = usedn, t to dodid not use to do = didn, t use to do疑问形式Used + 主语 + to + do.?Did + 主语 + use to + do.?【用法比拟】(1) used to do sth.过去经常做某事(现在不做了)(2) b

43、e used to (doing) sth.习惯于(做)某事(t。是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词)(3) be used to do sth,被用来做某事(被动语态)The old man used to watch TV after supper, but now he is used to taking a walk in the park and his stick is used to help him walk,这位老人过去常在晚饭后看电视，但现在他习惯去公园散步，他的手杖被用来帮助他走路。 单句语法填空(1) Wood is often used (make) desks and

44、chairs.(2) She is used to (live) in the countryside now.(3) My grandparents are used the life in the suburbs.完成句子(4) We (过去常常)get information from newspapers, but now we (习 惯于)searching for it on the Internet.(5) Your father used to drink a lot, (是吗)?(6) (她过去常常)give lectures to teenagers?2 have trou

45、ble with在某方面有困难We re having a lot of trouble with the new computer system,我们的新电脑系统有许多问题。【归纳拓展】have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth,做某事有困难have a hard/difficult time (in) doing sth.做某事历经艰难have no trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事毫不费力Do you have trouble remembering names at parties?你在聚会上记住人的名字有困难

46、吗？If kids have a hard time keeping up academically, they may need to drop some activities.如果孩子在学业上要度过一个困难时期，他们可能需要放弃一些活动。We had no trouble persuading the boy.我们毫不费力地说服了这个男孩。【一言助记】When in trouble, you should first get out of trouble by yourself and try not to cause trouble to others. You may feel tro

47、ubled if someone takes the trouble to help you. In a word, don, t trouble trouble until trouble troubles you.遇到麻烦时，首先要自己摆脱麻烦，尽量不给别人添麻烦。如果有人不辞劳苦帮助你，你可能会感到不自在。 总之，麻烦没有来找你时，不要去找麻烦。单句语法填空(1) Whenever we have trouble our studies, our teachers always help us patiently.(2) 2019湖南师大附中高一期中I am sorry to hear that you are having trouble( improve) your English at your new school.(3) The police had much difficulty (find) out the connection between the man and the case.完成句子(4) I had trouble (让这个受到惊吓的男孩平静下来)