(文末附答案)2022-2023年高中英语知识点归纳总结(精华版).docx

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1、（文末附答案）2022-2023年高中英语知识点归纳总结（精华版）单项选择题（经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品）1、There are many reasons people learn a foreign language.A . whyB . whichC . thatD . where2、To his parents1 , their son always makes them at his study.A . disappointment; disappointedB . disappointed; disappointingC . disappointing; disappoint

2、edD . disappointing; disappointment3、Women in undeveloped countries have their first child when they are very young.A . typicalB . typicallyC . typicalyD . typicals4、一When did you first meet her?-January 1 st, 2000, the first day of the new century,I can never forget.A . thatB . whichC . whenD . whe

3、re5、the separatist forces for Taiwan independence provoke us, force our hands or even cross the red line, we would take resolute measures.A . CouldB . ShouldC . MightD . Would6、Tom has got a watch. He it for two years. It by his father.A . has bought; was boughtB . has got; is bought C . was bought;

4、 has boughtD . has had; was bought7、With the rapid development of science and technology, more and more people believe that environmental pollution has become a problem we have to face.该句中， 主句是?A . with the rapid development of science and technologyB . more and more people believe that.（文末附答案）2022-

5、2023年高中英语J）2A参考答案1、答案：A解析：考查定语从句。句意：人们学习外语的原因有很多。此处为定语从句修饰先行词reasons,先行词在从句中作 原因状语，故用why引导。应选A。2、答案：A解析：考查名词和形容词。句意：令他父母失望的是，他们的儿子总是让他们对他的学习感到失望。“to one，s disappointment意为“令某人失望的是”，为固定搭配，此处用名词disappointment表示“失望”作介词to 的宾语。“be disappointed at”意为“对感到失望”，为固定搭配，形容词disappointed意为“感到失望 的”，说明人的性质状态，此处作宾语th

6、em的宾语补足语；形容词disappointing （令人失望的）说明事物的性 质状态。应选A。3、答案：B解析：考查副词。句意：不兴旺国家的女性通常在很小的时候就生第一个孩子。修饰动词have,需用副词typically作 状语。应选Bo4、答案：B解析：考查非限制性定语从句弓I导词。句意：你第一次见到她是什么时候？ 2000年1月1日，新世纪的第 一天，我不会忘记这个日子。A. that那个；B. which哪个；C. when在那时；D. where在那里。根据句子结构 可知，此句是非限制性定语从句,缺少引导词,指代the first day of the new century,在从句

7、中作宾语，that10不能引导非限制性定语从句。应选B项。5、答案：B解析: 考查虚拟语气。句意：如果“台独”分裂势力挑衅逼迫，甚至突破红线，我们都会采取坚决措施。if引导的虚 拟条件句，与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，从句用should +动词原形，也可将should移到句首并省略if,构成虚 拟条件句的倒装结构。应选B。6、答案：D解析: 考查动词时态及语态。句意：汤姆有一块手表。他已经戴两年了。那块表是他父亲买的。第一空，时间状语for two years说明用现在完成时，buy和get是瞬间动词，不能与完成时连用，需用延续性动词have,故 第一空填has had ；第二空，It与buy之间

8、是被动关系，且动作发生在过去，需用一般过去时的被动语态，故 第二空填was bought。应选D。7、答案：B考查宾语从句的判断和句子成分。句意：随着科学技术的迅速开展，越来越多的人认为环境污染已经成为我们 必须面对的问题了。分析句子可知，“With the rapid development of science and technology” 是 with 的复合 结构，在句中作伴随状语；“more and more people”做主句中的主语，“believe”为主句中的谓语，environmental pollution has become a problem we have to

9、 face.n 这是 that 之后的宾语从句，宾语从句中包 含了一个限制性定语从句，先行词是problem,关系代词that/which做宾语，此处省略了；所以“more and more people believe that就是主句局部。应选B项。8、答案：A11解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：被两个有奉献精神的医生父母养大，他对医生职业和他们的工作极为尊敬。A.regard 尊敬；B.attitude 态度；C.establishment 建立；D.wisdom 智慧。根据 Brought up by parents who are both devoted doctorsn可知，他对

10、医生和他们的工作极为尊敬。应选A。9、答案：A解析：考查名词。句意：根据图片，你可以去那里。图片中文字意思：厕所、休息室。A.当你想休息时；B.当 你想买东西时；C.当你想喝点东西时。可知当你想休息时，你可以去那里。应选A。10、答案：A解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：像英国和丹麦这样不想加入单一货币的国家被允许退出。A. fancy想要，想做；B. subscribe订阅，订购；C. grasp抓牢，握紧；D. ignore不理睬,忽视。结合句意和“were allowed to exit”可 推知，不想加入的国家可以退出，用fancy作定语从句谓语动词，意为“想要，想做”，常跟动词名词作宾语

11、。 应选A项。11、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的第一个冲动是直接去找亨利把我的消息告诉他，但经过深思熟虑，我改变了主 意。A. impulse 冲动；B. bait 诱饵；C. bounce 弹跳；D. distinction 差异。根据句意和句中 “but on reflection I thought better of it可知，“我”之前的决定未经过深思熟虑，是冲动的做法，impulse意为“冲动”。应选 A项。12、答案：A12解析: 考查动词时态。句意：彼得在哪里？我哪里都找不到他。他早饭后去了图书馆，从那以后就一直在那 里写书。根据ever since （从那之后）

12、可知，句子用现在完成时，且强调从过去开始一直在做某事，用现在完 成进行时，主语为He,用has been writing。应选A项。13、答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们都勇敢地拿起武器保卫自己的国家。A. conflict冲突；B. defence保卫；C. content内容；D. represent代表，动词。根据句意及句子结构可知,此处考查短语in defence of,表示“保 卫”，应选B。14、答案：C解析：考查连词。句意：随着语言的开展，新词不断出现，而许多词却不再使用。A. unless除非；B. s。that以至于；C. while然而；D. in case以防万

13、一。根据句意，此处表达比照，while作连词，符合题意。应选C项。15、答案：B解析：考查定语从句。句意：现在，我们有可能进入“太空”，在那里我们可以体验短时间的失重状态。空处引导非 限制性定语从句，先行词space,在定语从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导。应选B。16、答案：D解析：考查情态动词用法。句意：荷兰选手Sifan Hassan在女子1500米决赛中获得铜牌，她在预赛中不幸摔倒，本应因此失去晋级资格。根据上文ua brutal fall during the preliminary round 可知，此处是指在预赛中的摔倒13本应让Sifan Hassan失去晋级赛资格

14、，但她非但没有失去资格，反而在决赛中获得铜牌。表达“本应该做某事 （而未做）”用 should have doneo 应选 Do小提示：17、答案：C解析：考查过去完成时。句意：媒体报道说，这些公司把污染当作烫手山芋。A. have treated属于现在完成时；B. will treat属于一般将来时；C. had treated属于过去完成时；D. were treated 一般过去时的被动语态。固定搭配 treatas“把当成对待”，主句的谓语用了一般过去时，从句的谓语发生在主句的谓语动作发生之前， 故从句的谓语应用过去完成时。应选C。18、答案：D解析：考查定语从句。句意：事情开展到如

15、此地步，不得不请双方家长来一趟了。分析句子结构可知，这是一个非限 制性定语从句，先行词point在从句中作地点状语，应该用关系副词where引导从句。应选D项。19、答案：B解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：汤姆来中国已经三年了。由“for 3 years”可知，句子时态用现在完成时，主语 Tom是第三人称单数，“在中国”是in China,因此空格处是has been in,应选B。20、答案：B解析：考查宾语从句的语序。句意：我问他在哪里工作？该句含有一个where引导的宾语从句，宾语从句使用陈述语 序，应选B。1421、答案：C解析：考查定语从句关系代词。句意：我们都喜欢那些在课堂上很有趣

16、和很有创意的老师。A.who谁（疑问词可引导 名词性从句；引导定语从句，在定语从句中指代人做主语）；B. whom谁（宾格，可引导名词性从句和定语从 句，在定语从句中指代人做宾语）；C. whose谁的（疑问词可引导名词性从句；引导定语从句，在定语从句 中指代人或物做定语语）；D. that那个（可引导名词性从句不作成分；引导定语从句，在定语从句中做主语或 宾语）。分析句子，该空需要一个关系代词引导定语从句，修饰限定先行词teachers,定语从句中主系表成分 完整，需要关系代词whose作先行词teachers的定语。应选C项。22、答案：A解析：考查动词时态语态。句意：请问，玛格丽特米切尔

17、的飘这本书现在有售吗？对不起，这个卖得很 好，我们店里没有。分析句子可知，此处sell是不及物动词，与副词well连用，表示“卖得很好，使用主动 形式表被动意义，排除B项和D项；陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时。应选A。23、答案：B解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：保持本色帮助我们度过了最近面临的不确定性，并将继续成为我们前进的财富。A. wear away磨损；消磨；B. pull through渡过难关；C. call up打 给，召集；D. turn down关小,拒绝。根 据句意和句中“helped us”可知，是帮助我们度过了最近面临的不确定性，用动词短语pull through,意为“渡

18、过难关”，符合句意。应选B项。24、答案：C解析:15 考查非谓语动词和状语从句的省略。句意：在信息中添加一张微笑或悲伤的脸，读者可以在阅读时看到你的面 部表情。分析句子可知，“With a smiling or sad face to a message是with复合结构，动词add作宾语补足语，与其逻辑主语a smiling or sad face之间是被动关系，应用过去分词表被动；“while your words是省略后的时间状语从句，原句为“while they are reading your words”，省略了主语和be动词后保存现在分词 readingo 应选 Co25、答案

19、：B解析：考查搭配和连词词义辨析。句意：这个爱冒险的孩子变成了一个从不停止探索的人，无论是亲自还是通过他写 在纸上的文字。A.no matter不管怎样；B.whether是否；C.however然而；D.whenever无论何时。分析句意, whether.or为固定搭配，意为“不管还是”，引导让步状语从句，符合句意。应选B项。26、答案:commercial#ommercial解析：考查形容词。句意：商业广告的一个重要方面是，它更强调利润，而不是公共服务。根据首字母提示和句意 “商业的”可知是形容词commercial,作定语修饰名词advertising ,故填commercial。27

20、、答案：features#eatures解析：考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：中国元宵节的特色是猜灯谜、看彩灯和吃元宵。根据句意和首字母提示，应 填动词feature ”以为特色”作谓语，主语Chinese Lantern Festival是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，且 描述客观事实，用一般现在时，故填features。28、答案:determined#etermined解析:16 考查形容词。句意：我母亲总是很坚定，一旦她做了决定，她就不会改变主意。根据单词首字母以及句意“坚 定”可知应填形容词determined,作表语。故填determined。29、答案：examined#xamin

21、ed解析：考查动词和时态。句意：医生仔细检查了病人，没有发现他的身体有任何问题。根据单词首字母以及句意“检 查”可知，空格处涉及单词“examine”，意为“检查”，动词词性，根据句意和句中“found”可知，句子陈 述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，动词要用过去式，“examine”的过去式为“examined”。故填 examinedo30、答案:figure#igure解析：考查名词。句意：接着，他的注意力被黑暗中靠过来的一个小人影吸引住了。分析句子可知，by后缺少名词作 宾语，且根据of a man approaching in the darkness可知，f开头的单词为“人影”

22、figure。故填：figure。31、答案：throughout#hroughout解析：考查介词。句意：莫高窟是中国古代历史上许多国家的交汇点。结合首字母提示和句意可知，介词 throughout “贯穿”符合题意，throughout China s ancient history ”贯穿中国古代史”。故填 throughout。32、答案：bound#ound解析：考查形容词。句意：你做了这么多功课，考试一定会及格的。根据单词首字母以及句意“一定”可知应填形容 词bound,作表语。故填bound。33、答案:announce#nnounce17解析: 考查动词。句意：电影明星直到婚礼

23、后两周才宣布结婚。根据句型分析可知，此空应填谓语动词且应填原形， 再结合句意和首字母可知，此处应填announce表“宣布。故填announce。34、答案：destroyed#estroyed解析：考查谓语动词和被动语态。句意：没有人在火灾中受伤，但是这座建筑被完全摧毁了。根据句意和首字母可知, 空处应填动词的过去分词形式destroyed,与前面的was构成被动语态，表示“被毁坏”。故填destroyed。35、答案：disastrous#isastrous解析：考查形容词。句意：降低利率可能会给经济带来灾难性的后果。根据单词首字母以及句意“灾难性的”可知应 填形容词 disastrous

24、,作定语修饰 consequences0 故填 disastrous。36、答案：chatting#hatting解析：考查现在分词。句意：一位同学告诉我，她看到我的朋友正和另一个女孩聊天，说她感冒了。结合句意和首字 母提示可知，动词chat “聊天”符合题意,chat with sb. “与某人聊天”；分析可知，此处应用chat的非谓语 动词形式作宾补，my friend和chat是逻辑主动关系，且此处指动作正在发生，应用现在分词形式。故填 chatting o37、答案:guidance#uidance解析：考查名词。句意：这些活动都是在有经验的导师的指导下进行的。根据句意及首字母提示，可

25、知此处涉及短语 under the guidance of （在的指导下），意为“在有经验的导师的指导下”。故填guidance。1838、答案:attitude#ttitude解析：考查名词。句意：她对这个计划的态度是什么？她是赞成还是反对？ her为形容词性物主代词，后接名词作主 语；根据句意和首字母提示可知，此处使用名词attitude,特指“对这个计划的态度”，用名词单数。故填 attitude。39、答案：curtains#urtains解析：考查名词。句意：他过去住在一间黑暗的房间里，窗户前挂着两幅脏兮兮的窗帘。根据句意“窗户前挂着”和 首字母提示可知，此处应用名词curtain（

26、窗帘），由two可知名词应用复数形式，故填curtains。40、答案：ultimate#ltimate解析：考查形容词。句意：我们的最终目标必须是保护环境。根据句意及首字母提示可知，形容词ultimate,作定语, 修饰名词goal。故填ultimate。41、答案:tasty#asty解析：考查形容词。句意：汤太好吃了，汤姆还想再喝一点。is后跟形容词作表语，由Tom wants to have some more可知，汤太好吃了，空格处意为“美味的”，由首字母提示t可知，是tasty,故填tasty。42、答案：Buried解析：考查过去分词。句意：埋头这个迷人的故事，他没有注意到他的老

27、师盯着他看。根据句意和汉语提示用19C environmental pollution has become a problemD . we have to face8、Brought up by parents who are both devoted doctors, he has high for medical professionals and theirwork.A regardB . attitudeC . establishmentD . wisdom9、According to the picture, you can go there.林区A . when you want

28、 to have a restB . when you want to buy somethingC when you want something to drink 10、Countries such as Britain and Denmark which did not joining a single currency were allowed to exit.A . fancyB . subscribeC . graspD . ignore 11、My first was to go straight to Henry and tell him my news, but on ref

29、lection I thought better of it.A . impulseB . baitC . bounceD . distinction 12、Where is Peter? I can* t find him anywhere.一He went to the library after breakfast and his book there ever since.A . has been writingB . wrotebury “埋葬；把埋进”，be buried in “埋头于”，bury与逻辑主语he是被动关系，用过去分词作状语, 故填 Buriedo43、答案：ann

30、ounced#nnounced解析：考查动词时态语态。句意：正如在今天的报纸上所宣布的那样，他们已经成功地解决了许多有关这项新技术的 问题。分析句子可知，As引导非限制性定语从句，从句局部用is与过去分词构成被动语态，结合in today，s newspaper可知，a开头的动词为announce （宣布），过去分词为announced。故填announced。44、答案：contest#ontest解析：考查名词。句意：演讲比赛的奖项由九名教授组成的评审团颁发。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处使用名词 contest “比赛”，由空前定冠词可知，此处特指这次比赛，应用名词单数形式。故填cont

31、est。45、答案:concentrate#oncentrate解析：考查动词。句意：周围的噪音太大了，我很难集中精力学习。我在尽我所能保持专注。（把所有的注意力放在某 事上，不去想其他的事情）concentrate on集中于；专心于。it为形式主语，空处需填动词原形和to构成动词 不定式作主语。故填concentrate。46、答案：Dear Mark,Hearing that you are interested in the Chinese Lantern Festival. I m writing to introduce it to you.Lantern Festival fal

32、ls on the 15th day of the first lunar month, that is the 15th day after the Spring Festival. On this day, people usually eat sweet dumplings, also called Tangyuan, which symbolizes reunion and harmony as20well as people s longing for a better life.There are many ways to celebrate the festival, among

33、 which the most popular ones are flying lanterns and guessing lantern riddles. People make lanterns, and take them to the open space to fly, or put them in the river, letting them float down the river. Both mean the expectation of good things. Guessing lantern riddles is children s favorite. They us

34、ually compete to guess more correctly. As for me, I prefer the latter.The Chinese Lantern Festival is really an entertaining and exciting event. You are welcome to join us and celebrate the festival next year.Yours,Li Hua解析：【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给加拿大朋友Mark介绍元宵节。词汇积累也就是说，即：namelythat is命名，叫做：name-call意味着：m

35、eansymbolize期彳寺：anticipation-expectation句型拓展简单句变复合句原句：Guessing lantern riddles is children1 s favorite. They usually compete to guess more correctly.21拓展句：Guessing lantern riddles is a favorite activity for children, who usually compete to guess more correctly.小提示：高分句型 1 On this day, people usually

36、eat sweet dumplings, also called Tangyuan, which symbolizes reunion and harmony as well as people s longing for a better life.（运用了 which 引导非限制性定语从句）高分句型“There are many ways to celebrate the festival, among which the most popular ones are flying lanterns and guessing lantern riddles.（运用了介词+which 引导非限

37、制性定语从句）47、答案：Possible VersionWe all have our strengths and weaknesses. I am no exception. I am warm-hearted, which makes me well received. Plus, determination and patience are the qualities I am proud to have, so I think I can overcome any challenges life might throw at me.However, I am a little bit

38、 careless, which creates embarrassing moments or disappointing performance. To better myself, I shall make check lists and to-do lists. In this way I can concentrate better.Hopefully, I can be better than I have ever been.解析：【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“认识自我，完善自我”为主题，谈谈自己的优缺点，以及自我完善的 措施。词汇积累长处，优势：strengtha

39、dvantage 缺点:weakness- disadvantage22克月艮：overcome-conquer集中注意力：concentratefocus句式拓展句式转化原句:Plus, determination and patience are the qualities I am proud to have, so I think I can overcome any challenges life might throw at me.拓展句：What s more, it is determination and patience that are the qualities I a

40、m proud to have, so I think I can overcome whatever challenges life might throw at me.小提示：【高分句型 1 Plus, determination and patience are the qualities I am proud to have, so I think I can overcomeany challenges life might throw at me.（运用了省略关系代词的限制性定语从句，省略连接词that的宾语从句）【高分句型 2 However, I am a little bit

41、 careless, which creates embarrassing moments or disappointing performance.（运用了 which引导非限定性定语从句）48、答案：Dear Chris,How are you going? I am writing to invite you to participate in the seventh Chinese Ancient Poetry Competition for high school students of our city, whose aim is to arouse students1 inter

42、est in Chinese culture and popularize Chinese poetry. The competition will provide an opportunity for you to make a better understanding of our traditional culture and feel the enthusiasm for learning Chinese poetry. You should make use of more time to recite as many ancient Chinese poems as possibl

43、e.You can sign up via website or email. Hope it is convenient for you to come.Looking forward to your early reply.23Yours ,Li Hua解析：【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，假定你是李华，第七季中国诗词大会正在招募新的选手，请你写信邀请你的英国好 友Christ报名参加。词汇积累参力口 ： take part in participate in提高:develop arouse利用：take advantage of- make use of提供：offer provide

44、句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：You should make use of more time to recite as many ancient Chinese poems as possible.拓展句：What is important is that you should make use of more time to recite as many ancient Chinese poems as possible.小提示：高分句型 1 I am writing to invite you to participate in the seventh Chinese Ancient Po

45、etry Competition for high school students of our city, whose aim is to arouse students, interest in Chinese culture and popularize Chinese poetry, （whose引导的非限制性定语从句）24高分句型 2 The competition will provide an opportunity for you to make a better understanding of our traditional culture and feel the ent

46、husiasm for learning Chinese poetry.（动词不定式作定语）49、答案：Dear Tom,How are you? From your letter I get to know Su Bingtian charms you. Yes, I couldnt agree more with you that he is an excellent athlete worth admiring. And indeed, his performance in Tokyo Olympics is extraordinary.As a matter of fact, besi

47、des Su Bingtian, there are many other outstanding athletes in China too, among whom I admire Quan Hongchan most. She was born into a poor family. However, with her talent and more importantly, her persistent efforts, she changes her life. Her story really inspires me to pursue my own dream bravely.S

48、u Bingtian and Quan Hongchan set a good example for us. We both should hold on to our dream, right?Best wishes!Yours,解析：【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给美国笔友Tom写封回信，介绍你最钦佩的运发动。词汇积累事实上：as a matter of fact f n fact优秀的：outstanding excellent欣赏：admire -appreciate鼓励：inspireencourage 句式拓展25简单句变复合句 原句：And indeed, his performance in Tokyo Olympics is extraordinary.拓展句：And indeed, his performance in Tokyo Olympics is extraordinary, which is i