(文末附答案)高中英语虚拟语气常考点.docx
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1、(文末附答案)高中英语虚拟语气常考点单项选择题(经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品)1、You could come back by Friday today, which can ensure your presence at my birthday party.A . should you start offB . did you start offC . had you started offD . would you start off2、If I you, I would give her a call.A . amB . wasC . wereD . should be3、一一-
2、Who would you rather your graduation ceremony tomorrow, your parents or friends?-All of them.A . will have attendedB . have attendedC . attendD . attended4、We II make the final decision on our scheme.you change your mind, please inform us as soon as possible.A . ShouldB . WereC . WouIdD . May5、 Tom
3、insisted what he said true and we insisted that he and have a look.A . be ; should goB . should be ; would goC . was ; goD . was ; would go6、If s requested that a lecture on this subject.A . is givenB . should be givenC . will be givenD . has been givenA . printedB . had been printedC . would been p
4、rintedD . be printedI a full mark in the last listening exam if I hadn t practiced it during the winter holiday.A . didn7 t gotB . hadn t gotC . wouldn t getD . wouldn, t have got68、 ulf no one the rubbish, an environmentalist pointed out, “the street would soon becomedirty, the number of rats would
5、 increase, and the disease would spread.A . co 11 ectsB . will collectC . is to collectD . were to collect70、Our teacher insisted that the key words worth paying attention before class.A . to underlinedB . was underlinedC . to be underlinedD . to being underlined10(文末附答案)高中英语虚拟语气_005参考答案1、答案:A解析:考查虚
6、拟语气中的倒装。句意:如果你今天出发,你可以在星期五回来,这样可以确保你参加我的生日聚会。此题考查虚拟语气中的倒装,逗号之前假设使用if引导的虚拟条件句,那么为:You could come back by Friday if you should start off todayo在虚拟条件状语从句中如果有were, should, had这三个词,可以将if省略,将它们 放在虚拟条件句的主语之前,变成were, should, had +主语的形式。应选A。小提示:虚拟语气中的倒装当虚拟条件句中含有were, had, should时,可以将if省略,将它们放在虚拟条件句的主语之前,变成we
7、re, should, had +主语的形式:1) If he should fail, he would kill himself. Should he fail, he would kill himself.万一失败,他就会自杀。2) If I were you, I would do it at once.Were I you, I would do it at once.假假设我是你,我就会马上做。3) If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it.Had he seen you yesterday, he
8、 would have asked you about it.他昨天要是看到了你,他就会问你这事了。本小题考查虚拟语气中的倒装,属于以上解析的第二种情况。逗号之前假设使用if引导的虚拟条件句,那么为:You could come back by Friday if you should start off todayo 在虚拟条件状语从句中如果有 were, should, had 这三 个词,可以将if省略,将它们放在虚拟条件句的主语之前,变成were, should, had +主语的形式,即为虚拟语11气中的倒装。应选A。2、答案:C解析:考查虚拟条件句。句意:如果我是你,我会给她打个
9、。分析句子可知,本句为if引导的虚拟条件句。且表 示与现在事实相反的情况,所以从句谓语动词用一般过去式(be用were),主句谓语动词形式 should/would/could/might动词原形(过去将来时)。故C选项正确。小提示:if虚拟条件句和对应主句的动词形式列表:条件从句的谓语动词形 式主句谓语动词形式与过去事实相 反的假设had donewould/could/might/should have done与现在事实相 反的假设过去时(waswere)would/could/might/should do与将来事实相 反的假设过去时(waswere);should do;were t
10、o dowould/could/might/should do本句表示与现在事实相反的情况,所以从句谓语动词用一般过去式(be用were),主句谓语动词形式 should/would/could/might动词原形(过去将来时)。故C选项正确。3、答案:D解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:你宁愿谁明天来参加你的毕业典礼,父母还是朋友?都来。would rather后的 宾语从句应用虚拟语气,与现在和将来事实相反的情况用一般过去时,与过去事实相反的情况用过去完成时; 根据tomorrow可知此处表与将来事实相反的情况,应用一般过去时。应选D。4、答案:A解析:12 考查虚拟语气。句意:我们将对我们的计划
11、做最后决定,如果你改变主意,请尽快通知我们。根据语境,此处 用虚拟语气,表示与将来相反,从句用should+动词原形,省略if,should提前,陈述语序是:if you should change your mind-o 应选 A。5、答案:C解析:考查时态和虚拟语气。句意:汤姆坚持说他说的是真的,我们坚持要求他去看一看。第一个insist引导宾语从 句,意为“坚持认为”,用陈述语气,宾语从句的时态根据主句而定,根据主句的insisted可知,时态为过去 时,所以用was ;第二个insist引导宾语从句,意为“坚持要求”,需用虚拟语气。insist that sb (should) do,
12、 其中should可以省略,所以动词用原形g。应选C。6、答案:B解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:有人要求就这个问题举行一次讲座。request表示“要求”时引导的that从句中,要用 虚拟语气,其谓语动词形式为should +动词原形,其中should可以省略,主句中的时态不限。应选B。小提示:后接虚拟语气的常见词在 insist, order, command, suggest, propose, advise, desire, demand, require, request, order, prefer, propose, recommend等表示“命令,决定,建议”等动词以及由这些动词引申
13、的名词或形容词弓I导的that从句中,要 用虚拟语气,其谓语动词形式为should +动词原形,其中should可以省略,主句中的时态不限。例如:He ordered that all the books be sent at once.She insisted that she go to the south for her holiday.1) 类似用法的还有 advisable, appropriate, desirable, essential, fitting, imperative, important, impossible,13 necessary, obligatory, p
14、roper 等形容词;decision, decree, demand, instruction, order, requirement, resolution 等 名词。其后引导的that从句均用虚拟语气,其谓语动词形式为should +动词原形,其中should可以省略,主 句中的时态不限。例如:It was appropriate that this tax be abolished.Their decision was that the school remain closed.3)请注意,当这些词语不是用于表示“命令,决定,建议”的含义时,所弓I导从句不用虚拟语气。7、答案:A解析:
15、考查虚拟语气和语态。句意:在黎明前所有的军队补给必须送到前线的命令已经下达。order意为“命令”, that引导的从句作其同位语,从句的谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形”;根据句意可知应用被动语态,故 选A项。8、答案:B解析:考查语态和虚拟语气。句意:教授要求所有的论文在1月10日前交上来。essays与hand in之间是被动关系, 应该用被动语态,demand后的宾语从句应该用should do的虚拟语气,should可以省略,故B项正确。小提示:注意在表示建议、要求、命令以及坚持等词后的宾语从句中要用should+动词的虚拟语气,其中should可以省 略。9、答案:D解析:1
16、4 考查虚拟语气。句意:如果任其开展,这个地方会开展成一个繁荣的文明社区。此句为隐含条件虚拟语气,且 与过去事实相反,所以主句用would/could/should/might + have done。would表示“将会,should表示“应当”。应选D。10、答案:A解析:考查情态动词和虚拟语气。句意:谈到死亡,文森特梵高可能被其他人杀害,因为他的伤口并不意味着自杀, 而阿尔伯特爱因斯坦本应该活得更长,但他拒绝接受手术。A. may have been killed; should have lived可能被 其他人杀害,本应该活得更长;B. should have been killed
17、; should have lived本应该被其他人杀害,本应该活 得更长;C. may have been killed; must have lived 可能被其他人杀害,一定活了很长;D. should have been killed: must have lived本应该被其他人杀害,一定活了很长。结合句意,may have done表示对发生过的事情 的推测,should have done本应该做某事,实际未做,符合句意。应选A项。11、答案:C解析:考查状语从句的附属连词。句意:要是我有更多钱就好了,我就可以买一辆车。A. Only if只有,除非;B. If ever如果曾经
18、有;C If only要是就好了 ; D. Even if尽管。分析句子可知,此处是与现在事实相反的虚拟语 气,再结合句意可知,此处用if only “要是就好了”符合语境和语法要求,应选C项。12、答案:D解析:考查时态。句意:他遇到了很大的麻烦,但他表现得假设无其事。此处as if “好像”,引导方式状语从句,是虚 拟语气,与过去的事实相反,句子用过去完成时态,应选D。13、答案:D15解析: 考查虚拟语气。句意:国庆70周年阅兵式真是令人印象深刻。当然,要是我在现场就好了。此处考 查对过去的虚拟,用if only sb. had done sth.,应选D项。小提示:此题考查if onl
19、y (要是就好了)引导的状语从句中的虚拟语气,虚拟语气一般有三种情况:与现在事实相反 用一般过去时;与过去事实相反用过去完成时;与将来事实相反用过去将来时。例如If only I had tried my best years agoQ要是我几年前尽全力就好了。If only I were in china at present.要是我现在在中国就好了。14、答案:A解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:如果不是因为他渴望迎接新的挑战,他就不会实现他的潜能。分析句子结构可知,本句 考查if引导的条件句的虚拟,省略if倒装的情况,根据语法规那么可知,从句中谓语动词用过去完成时,主句谓 语动词应用would
20、have done ;分析本句可知,空格处应为主句谓语局部且表示对过去情况的虚拟。应选A。15、答案:B解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:要是Kathy没有及时接我,我现在就不会在看绿皮书了。此处是描述的与过去事实 相反的假设,从句应谓语动词使用过去完成时;当虚拟条件句中有had (助动词)/should/were时,可以省略 if,将had (助动词)/should/were提前,构成倒装结构。故B选项正确。小提示:虚拟条件句往往指不能实现或纯假想的情况,可以对过去、现在或将来进行假想。16虚拟语气的本质就是对根本不可能的情况发生假设。我们可以记住这样一个原那么,即把时态向过去推一格。一、对现在情况
21、的虚拟条件从句中谓语动词用一般过去式,主句用“would/should/might/could+动词原形”形式,表示对现在不可能 实现情况的假想。If I were you, I would choose to work in a small town.如果我是你,我会选择在小城镇工作。(事实上我不是你)If I had a map now, we could easily get out of the forest,如果现在有地图,我们能很容易地走出森林。(事实上 是现在没有地图)注意:在条件从句中,如果谓语动词是be的形式,不管主语是单数还是复数,书面语中用were,而口语中如果 是单数,
22、也可以用was,不过在if I were中一般用were。二、对过去情况的虚拟条件从句中谓语动词用过去完成式,主语用“would/could/should/might+have+动词的过去分词”形式。If it had not been for your help yesterday, I could not have caught the bus.如果昨天没有你的帮助,我不会赶上公交车。(事实是你昨天已经帮助了我,所以我赶上了车)三、对将来情况的虚拟在表示与将来事实相反的条件从句中,谓语动词可用should do, were to do或动词的过去式三种形式表示,但 意义略有不同。shoul
23、d表示的可能性最大,动词过去式的可能性次之,were tod。的可能性最小。If things were to be twice, all would be wise.假如凡事都可以重新做一次,人人皆可成为聪明人。(事实是并 不是所有的事都可以重新做一次)16、答案:D解析:17 考查虚拟语气。句意:他总是在为债务找借口,但我宁愿他尽早还清。would rather后接宾语从句,谓语习惯 上要用虚拟语气,表示过去的愿望用过去完成时,表示现在或将来的愿望用一般过去时。本句表示对将来的愿 望,故用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式。应选D项。17、答案:D解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:要不是团队的努力,更多
24、人的就会在这次失事事故中丧生。分析句子可知,句子为过去 时态,更多人本会在失事事故中丧生,与过去事实相反,用情态动词could+have done结构表示,又因为lives 与claim之间存在逻辑是的动宾关系,用被动语态,所以填could have been claimed。应选D项。18、答案:D解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:Sam坚持说他没有违法,也不应该受到惩罚。此处考查insist用法,第一:当insist译 为“坚持认为”,从句使用陈述语气,该句中insist使用一般过去时,故从句时态应为过去完成时(had+ done);第二:当insist译为“坚持要求”,从句使用虚拟语气,结构为:
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