倒装句 讲义--英语高考一轮复习语法部分.docx

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1、倒装句倒装句分为全部倒装和局部倒装一、全部倒装全部倒装是将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前之匕结构通常只用于一般现在时和一 般过去时。常见的结构有：1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首.谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run等表示来去或状态的动词。例如：Then came the chairman.Here is your letter.2) up, down, out, away, in, off, ahead 放于句首。例如：Up jumped the cat and caught the mouse.Ahead sat an ol

2、d woman.3）表示地点，时间，方位等的介词短语放在句首时。例如：After the head walked a group of worker.On the top of the mountain stands a tower.4）作表语的现在分词/过去分词/形容词+系动词+主语”形式的完全倒装。例如：Seated in the front were the guests.注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词,如果主语是人称代词那么不能倒装。例如：Here he comes.他来了。Away they weni.他们走开了。二、局部倒装局部倒装是指将谓语的局部如助动词、情态动词或

3、be动词倒装至主语之前。如果句子 的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，那么需添加助动词do, does或did,并将其置于主语之前。1. 句首为否认或半否认的词语，如:no. not, never, seldom, little, scarcely, barely 很少 hardly, in no way, at no time 决不，under no circumstance 在任何情况下都不，not until.等。例如： Never have I seen such a performance.Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.注

4、意1：当Not until引出主从复合句时，主句倒装，从句不倒装例如：Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.直到孩子入睡后母亲才离开 房间。注意2： Not onlybut also前面倒装，后面不倒装例如：Not only did he refuse the gift, he but also severely criticized the sender.他没有收下礼物， 还狠狠批评了送礼的人。2. Hardly/Scarcely.when.； No sooner. than.(“一就”)等位于句首，要倒装

5、1列如：Hardly had she gone out when a student came (o visit her.No sooner had she gone oul than a student came (o visit her.3. so/ neither/ nor 作局部倒装so/ neither/ nor + be/can(should/win/could)/do(did/does) + sb 表示也、也不的句子要局部倒装。例如： We can skate. So can they. Mary likes playing the piano. So does Jane.If

6、he goes there, so will I. I have never been to Beijing. Neither/Nor has my brother.注意1：当前面句子既有肯定又有否认，或既有系动词又有实义动词时，要用“So it is with.或 It is the same with.”例如：-1like to watch TV plays, but I dont watch TV every evening. So it is with me. 注意2：当so引出的句子用对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不用倒装，意为”确实如此”。 例如：Tom asked me to go

7、 to play football and so I did.-its raining hard. -So it is.4. Only在句首后接状语用局部倒装例如：Only in this way can we learn English well.只有这样,我们才能学好英语。注意：如果。nly后的词组不是状语，不需倒装。例如：Only Wang Lili knows this.5. as, though （“尽管，虽然”）引导的倒装句as / though引导的让步状从必须将表语或状语提前（形容词，副词，分词，实义动词提前）。 例如：Hard as/though he studied, he

8、 failed in the exam.注意：句首名词不能带任何冠词。例如：Child as/though he is, he seems to know everything, （child 前不加冠词）如果句子为主从复合句，那么主句倒装，从句不倒装。例如：Only when he is seriously ill does he ever slay in bed.病得狠重时，他才卧床休息。Not until the teacher came in did ihe students slop talking.7.So/Such. that（”如此以至于”）句型中的so/such位于句首时，需

9、倒装倒装原那么：_“主系表”变“表系主” /主谓结构参照局部倒装原那么_例如：So frighlened was he ihai he did not dare to move an inch.他害怕得很，动也不敢动。So fast docs light travel ihat it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.Such a loud noise did they make that I couldnt be absorbed in the work.So loudly did they talk that I couldnt be absorbed in the work.8.在虚拟语气条件句的从句+,谓语动词有were, had, should等词，可将if省略，把were. had、should移到主语之前,采取局部倒装。例如：Were I you = (If I were you), I would try it again.Had I taken his advice = (If I had taken his advice), I wouldnt have made such a mistake.