大学英语四级考试常考词组:名词类.docx
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1、词组一、名词词组和固定搭配1 .介词+名词by accident 偶然on account of因为,由于,为了的缘故in addition to另夕卜,力之in addition除之外(还)in the air流传中on (the / an) average按平均值,通常on the basis of根据,在的基础上at best充其量,至多for the better好转,向好的方向开展on board在船(车或飞机)上out of breath喘不过气来on business 因公,因事in any case无论如何,不管怎样incaseof假如,如果发生;防范in case假使,以防(
2、万一)in no case决不,无论如何不by chance偶然,碰巧in charge (of)负责,管理(a) round the lock日夜不停地in common共用的,共有的in conclusion 最后,总之on condition (that) 如果in consequence of由于的缘故,因为on the contrary 正相反in contrast with / to与比照起来,与形成比照out of control失去控制out of danger脱离危险2 .动词+名词have / gain access to 可以获得take.into account考虑到,
3、顾及,体谅take advantage of 占.的廉价,利用pave the way (for)铺平道路,为作准备pay attention to 注意do / try ones best 尽力,努力get / have the best of 战胜make the best of 充分利用get / have the better of战胜,在中占上风 catch ones breath屏息;喘气,气喘;歇口气 take care 注意,留神BCurban Black people in the United Stateso D分析:C错,应改为depicting。depicting在此为
4、动名词,作介词宾语时不加冠词。注意 此处还可以改为the depiction of,但略显累赘,因为后面还有of结构。The +动名词, 这个动名词其实就变为了名词。(五)表示人的名词和表示事物的词混用例:An editor is customarily a brief newspaper or magazineABarticle that gives personal comments on current events。CD分析:A错,应改为editorial。editor的意思是“编辑”,根据题意改为名词editorial(社论)。例:For centuries, music have
5、played acoustical guitars, Awhich produce sound from the vibration of the stringso BCD分析:A错,应改为musicians。music是抽象名词,意为“音乐”,不能表示复数要领显 然应改为musicians (音乐家)。名词考题These books, which you can get at any bookshop, will give you you need.A)all the information B)all the informations C)all of information D)all
6、of the informations (2000.6.CET-4 第 22 题)The clothes a person wears may express his or social position.A)Curiosity B)status C)determination D)significance (200. 6. CET4 第 28 题)Niagara Falls is a great tourist, drawing millions of visitors every year.A)attention B)attraction C)appointment D)arrangeme
7、nt (2001. CET-4 第 42 题)A lot of ants are always invading my kitchen. They are a thorough.A)nuisance B)trouble C)Worry D)anxiety (2000. 6. CET-4 第 69 题)When people become unemployed, it is often worse than lack of wages.A)laziness B)poverty C)idleness D)inability (1999. 6. CET-第 54 题)1. Some people w
8、ould like to do shopping on Sundays since they expect to pick up wonderful in the market.A) batteries B)bargains C)baskets D)barrels (1999.6.CET-4 第 59 题)2. In previous times, when fresh meat was in short, pigeons were kept by many households as a source of food.A)store B)provision C)reserve D)suppl
9、y (1999. 6. CET-4 第 61 题)The tomato juice left a brown on the front of my jacket. A)track B)trace C)spotD)point (1999. 1. CET-4 第 59 题)My father seemed to be in no to look at my school report.A)feeling B)attitude C)emotion D)mood (1999. 1. CET-4 第 63 题)He gives people the impression all his life abr
10、oad.A)of having spent B)to hay spent C)of being spent D)to spend (1998. 6. GET-4 第 46 题)A peculiarly pointed chin is his most memorable facial .A)mark B)feature C)trace D)appearance (1998.6. CET-4 第 47 题)Does everyone on earth have an equal right an equal share of its resources?A)by B)at C)to D)over
11、 (1998.6.CET-4 第 55 题)Over a third of the population was estimated to have no to the health service.A) assessment B) assignment C) exception D) access (1998.6.CET-4 第 63 题)Professor Taylofs talk has indicated that science has a very strong on the everyday lifeof non-scientists as well as scientists.
12、A) motivation B) perspective C) impression D) impact (1998.6.CET-4 第 65 题)The manager spoke highly of such as loyalty, courage and truthfulness shown by hisemployees.A) virtues B) features C) properties D) characteristics (1998.1.CET-4 第颗 7 题)Housewives who do not go out to work often feel they are
13、not working to their full *A) capacity B) strength C) length D) possibility (1997.6.CET-4 第 35 题)The newspaper did not mention the of the damage caused by the fire.A) range B) level C) extent D) quantity (1997.6.CET-4 第 40 题)The traditional approach with complex problems is to break them down into s
14、maller,more easily managed problems.A) to dealing B) in dealing C) dealing D) to deal (1996.6.CET-4 第 33 题)Shelly had prepared carefully for her biology examination so that she could be sure of passing it on her first.A)intention B)attempt C)purpose D)desire (1996.6.CET-4 第 36 题)Lightning is a of el
15、ectrical current from a cloud to the ground or from one cloud toanother.A) rush B) rainbow C) rack D) ribbon (1996.6.CET-4 第 44 题)21.1 caught a of the taxi before it disappeared around the corner of the street.A) vision B) glimpse C) look D) scene (1996.6.CET-4 第 50 题)22. The manager lost his just b
16、ecause his secretary was ten minutes late.A) mood B) temper C)mind D) passion (19967.1.CET-4 第 39 题)(解析)1译文这些书会提供你所需要的所有信息,它们可以在任何书店买到。答案A) all the information 解析information是不可数名词,没有复数形式,故B)、D)本身是错误的。 又因为all of后面接不可数名词时,名词前须有定冠词,C)也不可选。只能选A)。2 .译文一个人的衣着可以表示他的身份或社会地位。答案B)status 解 析A)curiosity 好奇心,求知欲
17、;B)status 身份,地位;C)determination 决心;D)significance 意义,重要性。根据题意应选B)。另外,or后面的social position实际上是对前面并列的 status的解释,也是一个重要的选项线索。3 .译文尼亚加拉瀑布是一个令人向往的旅游胜地,每年都吸引数以百万的游 客。答案B)attraction 解析A)attraction意为“注意;B) at traction意思是“具有吸引力的人 或物”,可引申为“胜地”;C)appointment意为“约会;D)arrangement意为“安排”。根据句意, 正确的答案是B)o尼亚加拉瀑布是一处“旅游
18、点”,而不是一种“出游安排”。故不能选D)o 4.译文大量的蚂蚁老是进入我的厨房,蚂蚁是非常令人讨厌的东西。答案A)nuisance 解析A)nuisance 意为“令人讨厌的人(东西,情况等)“(a person, thing or situation that annoys you or causes problems); B) trouble 意为麻烦,苦恼(problems that make something difficult, spoil your plan, make you worry, etc. ); C)worry 意为“担忧,发愁”;D)anxiety 意为焦虑”,
19、与worry意义相近。蚂蚁是“令人讨厌的东西“,而不是“问题,难题(problem)”,更不是“担 忧、“焦虑”等。故A)是正确答案。5 .译文当人们失业时,无所事事比失去工资更糟糕。答案idleness 解析A) laziness懒惰;B)poverty贫穷;C)idleness无事可干,闲待;D) inability无能力,无方法。 失业引起的什么状况比失去工资更糟糕呢?不可能是poverty,更不可能是laziness或 inability,因为失业本身就可能意味着贫穷,而懒惰和无能是某些人的本性,不是失业引起 的。所以是C)idleness。6 .译文有些人喜欢星期天去购物,因为他们希
20、望在市场买到物美价廉的货物。 答案B)bargains 解析A)batteries电池;B)bargains廉价的东西,廉价货;baskets篮子, 筐;D)barrels桶。根据句意:“人们喜欢星期天去购物,咱然是希望买到好的、廉价的东西, 廉价的东西是泛指。A)、C)、D)均指具体的物品,与原句句意不符。正确答案是B)。7 .译文在过去,当鲜肉短缺时,许多家庭靠养鸽子作为食物的来源。答 案D)supply 解析A)store意为“储存的东西“或嘀店,短语in store的意思是“存储藏用”。 B)provision意为“提供,供应”,常与of搭配,但没有in short provision
21、这样的搭配。C)reserve 意为“储藏物,储量,in reserve的意思是“留待后用工D)supply意为“供应,供应量”,短语 in short supply是“供应短缺”的意思。根据原句句意,D)是答案。8 .译文番茄汁在我上衣的前襟上留下褐色斑点。答案C)spot 解析A)track 行踪,小径,轨道;B)trace踪迹,足迹,痕迹;C)spot斑点,污点,地 点;D)point点。根 据以上辨析,C)符合题意。9 .译文我父亲似乎没有心情看我的学习成绩单。答案mood 解析be in the mood/no mood to do something是固定氨基酸表示有(没有)做 的
22、心情”。根据题意,只 有D)符合题意要求。其他三个名词都不能形成be in no搭配。10 .译文他给人的印象是他这一辈子都是在国外生活的。答案A)of having spent 解析名词impression后要接of而不是to,故先可排除B)和D);另外,根据常见搭配 spend ones life,故应用主动形式,所以A)是正确答案。11译文I独特的尖下巴是他最令人难忘的面部特征。答案B)feature 解析注意 原句中的两个形容词:memorable (令人难忘的)和facial (面部的)。然后再从四个选项中 挑出可以被“令人难忘”和“面部的”修饰的名词。四个名词的意义分别是:A) m
23、ark标记,记 号;B) feature特征;C) trace痕迹,踪迹;D) appearance外貌,外表。唯 有B)最合题 居、O12译文对于地球的资源,地球上的每一个人是否都享有同等的权利?答 案C)to 解析此题是要求选择一适当介词,与名词right搭配,四个介词中只有to可以。 “have a (the)right to sth.意为(享有) 的权利13 .译文据估计,三分之一以上的人口没有享受到保健服务。答案D)access 解析此题要求在空白处,填入一个名词与后面的介词构成搭配。选项中4个名词的意义 分别是:A)assessment评价,估价,评定;B)assignment分配
24、,委派,指定的作业,任务;C)exception例外,除以夕卜;D)access接近的机会,利用的权力。Have access tosth.意为“享用,使用”等;D)是正确答案。14 .译文泰勒教授的谈话已说明,科学已对科学家以及非科学家的日常生活产 生了很大的影响。答案D)impact 解析A)motivation动机;Bperspective看法,观点, 观察,前景;Compression 象;D察pact影响,冲击。根据辨析可见,选项Dimpact符 合题意要求。15 .译文经理高度赞扬他的雇员表现出来的诸如忠诚、勇气和坦率等美德。答 案A)virtues 解析四个名词的意义分别是:Av
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