04情态动词和虚拟语气高一英语【外研版2019】（解析版）.docx

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1、04情态动词和虚拟语气序号内容数量（小题）Part 1单项选择20Part 2单句填空20Parti单项选择If you dont have a guide,you lose your way.A. mustB. dareC. shouldD. couldMike come to see me this afternoon. I dont want to go window shopping with you in case he comes.A. canB. mustC. mayD. willSomething is wrong with my telescope. It cant be t

2、o look far in sunny days.A. adaptedB. adoptedC. adjustedD. remindedIn the face of unfair phenomenon, we should not from defending social justice.A. swallowB. swellC. shrinkD. strokeHe it all by himself for there was no one else in the house to turn to for help.A. must be doingB. should be doingC mus

3、t have doneD. should have done1. When I lived in Italy, I often eat in the restaurant next to my flat.A. couldB. wouldC. mayD. must一 Could I call you by your first name?一 Yes, you.A. willB. needC. mayD. mustMr. White at 8:30 fbr the meeting, but he didnt show up.32. have left taking【详解】考查固定结构和非谓语动词。

4、句意：我翻遍了钱包，却找不到。起初，我想我一定是把它落在家 里了。然后我想起了把它拿出来付计程车费。第一空表示“一定是做了某事短语为must have done sth.,故 第一空应填have left；第二空表示“记得做过某事短语为remember doing sth.,第二空应填takingo故填have left 和 takingoneednt【详解】考查情态动词。句意：你现在不必还我伞。如果你愿意，你可以借到下个星期。根据“You can keep it till next weekz,可推知，说话人认为没必要现在就归还雨伞，因此用情态动词neednt意思为“不必。故 填 needn

5、t。33. strengthen【详解】考查及物动词。句意：我们必须加强防御工作。情态动词must后跟动词原形，所给词strength是 名词，其动词是strengthen,且是及物动词，后面是名词works作宾语。故填strengthen。34. simplify【详解】考查动词。句意：计算机可以简化复杂的计算，因为它们有人工智能。情态动词can后接动词原形。 根据句意，故填simplify。35. had sat【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我宁愿你昨天坐在教室里听老师讲课。would rather之后的宾语从句常表示 与客观事实不相符的一种愿望，故使用虚拟语气，且根据后文yesterday

6、可知表示过去不能实现的愿望时， 从句谓语动词用“had+过去分词。故填had sat。36. had seen【详解】考查虚拟语气c句意，他已经去北京了c我多么希望我曾到车站送过他，但是我太忙了c Wish 表示“但愿，要是就记了，后面接宾语从句，表示不能实现的愿望，从句的谓语动词用虚拟语气，根 据后文I was too busy可知，表示过去不能实现的愿望时，从句谓语动词用“had+过去分词。故填had seen。37. (should) be conducted【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：要求上述实验必须在新建的科学中心进行。referred to是过去分词短语做后 置定语修饰experi

7、ment。动词request意为“建议，其后的宾语从句中要用“should+动词原形的虚拟语气, should可以省略。宾语从句主语the experiment与谓语动词conduct为动宾关系，故应用被动语态。故填(should) be conducted o(should) start【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：她要求我们立刻开始。此处考查句型require that sb (should) do sth要求某人 做某事，此时that引导的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用should+动词原形，should可以省略，故填1 should) start。38. werent【详解】考查虚拟语

8、气。句意:孩子们在哪儿？这顿饭快要给搅黄了。但愿他们别老是迟到。根 据句意可知，从句是对现在情况的虚拟，且表示的是“不要老是迟到，故用werent。A. should have arrivedB. should arriveC. should be arrivingD. arrived9. My family and I have managed to cross the North American continent and I cant the stories withyou.A. wait to shareB . help but shareC , help shareD. wait

9、but share10. The biologist a lot of difficulties while she stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 20 years.A. may go throughmight go throughB. ought to have gone throughmust have gone through11. -Did you punish him for losing your digital camera ?Yes, but I dont think I.A. should do thatB. need

10、to have done soC. ought have done thatD. should have done so12. Life is unsure; even the poorest become the richest.A. shallB. mustC. needD. mightI am afraid Mr. Dewey see you now. Hes busy.A. mustntB. cantC. shouldnD. needntyou leave now? You only arrived an hour ago!Sorry, but so much homework is

11、waiting for me.A. MustB. MayC. CanD. MightHe is always seeking excuses for the debt, but Fd rather he it off as early as possible.A. would payB. would have paidC. had paidD. paidIf there were not so many new words, the text much easier.A. will beB. would have beenC. could have beenD. would beMs. Lin

12、 suggested that he the reading competition.A took part inB. is taking part inC. takes part inD. take part in一Would you mind being charged for WeChat, Mary?一Certainly. I WeChat if I had to pay now.A. would dropB. will dropC. will have droppedD. would have droppedIt is required that every student a fo

13、reign language before going abroad.A. must learnB. leamC. learnsD. will learnThe soldier remembers everything exactly as if it yesterday.A. was happeningB. happensC. has happenedD. happenedPart2单句填空13. He be in the dressing room, because I saw him going out just now.14. You arrived at the bus stop r

14、ight in time, or you could(miss) it.15. 一Did you visit the famous cultural relics last month?一No, we(visit) it, but we spent too much time shoppingYou be careful with the camera. It costs!16. 25. It be the postman at the door. Its only six oclock.17. You feel all the training a waste of time, but Im

15、 a hundred percent sure later youll be grateful youdid it.18. 一Cant you stay a little longer?Its getting late. I really go now. My daughter is home aloneI think the work be completed ahead of time.19. 29. The hurricane must(cause )a lot of damage yesterday.20. Congratulations on winning the spelling

16、 bee. You must(make) every effort to prepare for it.21. Laughter can your immune system.(strength)I searched for my wallet and it wasn*t there. At first, I thought I must(leave) it at home. Then I remembered(take) it out to pay for the taxi.22. You return my umbrella now. You can keep it till next w

17、eek if you like.23. We must(strength) the defence works.24. Computers can(simple) difficult sums because they have artificial intelligence.25. I would rather you(sit) in the classroom to listen to the teacher yesterday.26. He has left for Beijing. How I wish I(see) him off at the station, but I was

18、too busy.27. Its requested that the experiment referred to(conduct) in the newly built scientific center.28. . She required that we start) immediately.29. Where are the children? The dinners going to be completely ruined.I wish they be) always late.【答案】Parti单项选择1. D【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：如果你没有向导，你会迷路的。A.

19、nust必须；B.dare敢；C. should 应该；D. could能，可以，可能。由语意可知，没有导游的话你就可能迷路，另一层含义就是也有可能不会 迷路，因此要使用情态动词表推测的这一用法。应选D项。2. C【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：迈克下午可能来看我，我不想和你一起去购物以防他来。can表示推测, 往往用于否认句或疑问句；must表示非常有把握的肯定性推测；may表示可能；will表示意愿。根据题意“ in case he comes,可知，以防他会来，是一种不确定的猜想，用may适宜。应选C。3. C【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的望远镜有点问题，在晴朗的日子里，它无法调整

20、到能看得很远。 A.adapted改编；B.adopted收养；采纳；C.adjusted调整；D.reminded提醒。根据句意，此处表示望远镜 无法调整看远处，应选C。4. C【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：面对不公平的现象，我们不应该逃避维护社会正义。A. swallow吞下； B. swell膨胀，肿胀;C.shrink（尤指因恐惧而）退缩,畏缩，回避；D.stroke划掉。根据should not”和from defending social justice,可知，此处是指我们不应该逃避维护社会正义。在情态动词should后应用动词原形。 应选C。5. C【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句

21、意：他一定是一个人做的，因为家里没有其他人可以求助。根据“for there was no one else in the house to turn to for help可知，此处是表示对过去的肯定的猜想，所以应用must have done。 应选C。6. B【详解】考查情态动词。句意：当我住在意大利的时候，我经常在我公寓旁边的餐厅吃饭。A.could能，可 以；B.would会，想；C.may可能；D.must必须。根据前文的lived,此处需要用一般过去时。would表示“想，会，符合句意，应选B项。7. C【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我可以叫你的名字吗?是的，你可以。分析句意可知，

22、该句表示对对 方请求的“许可，表达此意时应用may,应选C。8. A【详解】考查情态动词。句意：怀特先生应该在8:30到达开会，但他没有出现。根据后面的did说明全句 谈的是过去的事，是对过去发生的情况的推测，should have done本应该做某事，实际上却未做），表本应 该到会，但却没露面。应选A项。9. A【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我和我的家人已经成功地穿越了北美大陆，我迫不及待地想和你们分享这 些故事。短语cant wait to do sth.,意为“迫不及待做某事，can，help doing,意为“情不自禁做某事，carT help but do sth.,意为“不得不做某

23、事，设空处接在情态动词后面用动词原形，根据have managed to cross the North American continent可知，此处指“迫不及待地想和你们分享这些故事“。应选A。10. D【详解】考查情态动词。句意：这位生物学家在非洲研究野生动物20年时，一定经历了很多困难。通过上 下文可知空格处应填“她一定经历了很多困难，表示对过去情况的肯定推测用must have done形式。应选 DoD【详解】考查情态动词。句意：他把你的数码相机弄丢了，你惩罚他了吗？ 是的。但我现在认为 当时我不应该这样做。shouldn have done意为“过去）不应该做某事，但实际上已做了

24、，此处否认发生 了转移，根据转折连词but可知，本句应该是一种自我责备，所以选D项，应选D。11. D【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：生活是不确定的;即使是最穷的人也可能成为最富有的人。A. shall将会;B. must一定；C. need需要；D. might可能。根据前文“Life is unsure”可知，因为表示不确定，所以空处需用情态动词might,表示不确定的推测。应选D。12. B【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：恐怕杜威先生现在不能见您。他很忙。A.mustn比禁止；B. can9t不能; C shouldnt不应该;D. neednt不必要。根据I am afraid和Hes

25、 busy可知,杜威先生现在没有时间,不能 见人。应选B项。13. A【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：你必须现在离开吗？你才到一小时啊！ 对不起，这么多作业等着 我呢。A.Must必须；B.May可以，可能;C.Can能够；D.Might可能。分析句意，根据答复Sorry, but so much homework is waiting for me可知，对方一定要走,据此可推测，问话人的的语气是你“必须(must) 要走 吗？应选A项。14. D【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：他总是在为债务找借口，但我宁愿他尽早还清。would rather后接宾语从句, 谓语习惯上要用虚拟语气，表示过去的

26、愿望用过去完成时，表示现在或将来的愿望用一般过去时。本句表 示对将来的愿望，故用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。应选D项。15. D【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果没有这么多新单词的话，这篇文章将会简单得多。分析可知，句子为 虚拟条件句，表示对现在情况的虚拟，条件句用一般过去时，主句用would/should/could/might+动词原形， D选项符合题意。应选D项。16. D【详解】考查虚拟语气c句意，林老师建议他参加阅读比赛c suggest表示“建议，引导的that宾语从句中, 要用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为should +动词原形，其中should可以省略，主句中的时态不限，所以空

27、处需用(should) take part in, should可以省略。应选D。17. A【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意： 玛丽，你介意微信收费吗？ 当然介意。如果要我现在付钱的话， 我会放弃微信。根据语境和后文now可知此处表示与现在事实相反：主句用would +动词原形，从句动词用 过去式be通常用were）。应选A。18. B【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:每个学生出国前都必须学一门外语。句型It is required that，该句型中that 从句要用should +动词原形的虚拟语气，should可以省略。结合选项，选项B符合题意，应选B。19. D【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：士兵完全

28、记得一切，似乎它就发生在昨天。asif意为“仿佛；好似，其后 的从句可出现虚拟语气，表示与事实相反，句中remembers为一般现在时，故as if从句中用一般过去时表 示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。应选D。Part2单句填空cant【详解】考查情态动词。句意：他不可能在更衣室，因为我刚看到他出去了。分析可知，后半句已给出不 在更衣室的原因：because I saw him going out just now。因此所填空应为否认推测。cant表推测，意为“不 可能，符合句意。故填cankhave missed【详解】考查情态动词+havedone。句意：你刚好及时刚到公交车站，否那么你可能错

29、过它。结合句意可知 此处考查对过去情况不太肯定的推测，其结构为could have done可能会做某事，故填have missedocould have visited【详解】考查情态动词。句意： 上个月你参观了那个著名的文物吗？没有，我们本能够去，但是 我们花太多时间购物C结合句意可知，此处表示我们“本能够”去的，但是我们花太多时间购物，所以没能 去。could have done本能够做某事（但没做成）。故填could have visited。20. must【详解】考查情态动词。句意：你一定耍非常小心地对待这部照相机，它很昂贵。根据Itcosts!可知，此 处表示“必须，一定，需用情

30、态动词must。故填must。21. cant【详解】考查情态动词。句意：门口不可能是邮递员，才六点钟呢。根据后一句中“only six oclock,可知, 门外的绝不可能是邮递员，用can*表示对不可能发生的事情的推测。故填cantmay【详解】考查情态动词。句意：你也许会认为所有的培训都是浪费时间，但是我百分之百地保证你以后会 感谢你所做的事情。根据后文的描述Im a hundred percent sure可知，空处表示可能性，是一种不确定的推 测。故填may。22. must【详解】考查情态动词。句意：你不能再多待一会儿吗？天要黑了，我真的现在必须走了，我的女儿单独待在家里。根据ge

31、tting late.可知，此处是指必须走。must意为“必须，符合语境。故填must。23. can【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我认为这项工作可以提前完成。根据句意，此处表示客观上的可能性，应 用情态动词carlo故填canohave caused【详解】考查must have done用法。句意：昨天的飓风一定造成了很大的损失。根据后文yesterday可知表 示对过去的肯定猜想，表示“一定做了某事”应用must have done。故填have caused。24. have made【详解】考查情态动词+havedone。句意：祝贺你赢得拼字比赛。你一定很努力地为它做了准备。分析句子, 此处表示对过去的某种肯定猜想。所以此处需用must have done译为“一定做了某事。故填havemade。25. strengthen【详解】考查动词。句意：笑声增强你的免疫力。can后接动词原形作谓语，strength是名词，动词strengthen加 强；增强“。故填strengthen。