2022—2023学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷（新高考）（山东版）笔试部分.docx

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1、按秘密级事项管理启用前2022-2023学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷（新高考）（山东版） 笔试 考前须知：1 .答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。2 .答复选择题时，选出每题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如 需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。答复非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上, 写在本试卷上无效。3 .考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一局部 阅读共两节，总分值50分第一节共15小题；每题2.5分，总分值37.5分）阅读以下短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最正确选项。ADepths of our Earth hold gre

2、at wonders. Below we explore four deepest places on Earth.Veryovkina Cave, GeorgiaIts entrance is located 2,285 meters above sea level. In 2021, scientists reached its bottom at 2,212meters down. They squeezed through tiny openings to get from one cave to another. Rockfalls and floodswaited secretly

3、 at every turn. Scientists could develop new medicines from microorganisms found in cavesamples （样本）.Caves also record ancient life and past climates.The Mariana Trench, the Pacific OceanThe Mariana Trench, with the maximum depth of 11,034 meters, is the deepest part of Earth 9s surface.Pressure the

4、re is intolerable, but creatures like sea cucumbers（海参）still exist. Scientists exploring it cangain deeper insights into how plates move and why earthquakes and volcanoes occur.The Dead Sea, the Middle EastThe Dead Sea is the lowest point on land at about 1,400 feet （about 400 meters） below sea leve

5、l. Itnearly ten times saltier than ocean water, so you literally cant sink in the Dead Sea! Scientists think it couldgo dry in a few decades. Despite its name, the Dead Sea holds life. A few kinds of algae （藻类）and bacterialove its salty water.Lake Baikal, RussiaAt the depth of 1,642 meters, Lake Bai

6、kal is the deepest inland body of water. The Baikal seal is theonly known seal that lives in this worlds deepest freshwater lake. Scientists study the lake not only for thesolid stuff beneath it that records climate history but because its in a zone where a plate is splitting apart,causing earthquak

7、es.1. What do we know about Veryovkina Cave?A. It was discovered in 202l.B. Its pressure is far from bearable.C. It is risky to explore.D. Its samples are of little practical value.2. Where should scientists go to better know earth movement?A. Georgia & Russia.B. Russia & the Pacific Ocean.C. Georgi

8、a & the Pacific Ocean.D. The Middle East & Russia.3. What do the four places have in common?A. They have some signs of life.B. They are over a thousand meters deep.C. They are results of climate change.D. They are all below sea level.24.B考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“I have way more articlesthan you”及语境可知，作者前 面的女士对

9、作者说嘿，你只买了三件物品吗？你站到我这里，我买的东西比你买的多。 A项意为“座位；B项意为“位置，地方；C项意为“建议；D项意为“时机。固定短语take ones place意为“接替某人的位置。应选B。25 .C考查形容词辨析。根据上文中的“Come and take my及语境可知，这位女士的提议很 友好亲切。A项意为“为难的；B项意为“悦目的，精美的；C项意为“无法抵抗 的；D项意为“熟悉的。应选C。26 .B考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“I thanked her和thewoman offered me可知，作者 接受了这位女士的提议。A项意为“站立处；B项意为“提议；C项意为“痛苦；

10、 D项意为“讲话。应选B。27 .A考查形容词辨析。根据上文中的“her intention was, as well as was her smile”及语境可 知，这位女士非常友好。A项意为“令人愉快的，友好的；B项意为“可靠的；C 项意为“自信的；D项意为“强有力的。应选A。28 .D考查动词短语辨析。根据下文中的“While driving”及语境可知，作者回到了车里， 又想到了那个愉快的时.刻。A项意为“下车；B项意为“通过，度过；C项意为“摆 脱，远离；D项意为“回到。应选D。29 .C考查动词辨析。根据上文中的“good moment”可知，作者回想起那个愉快的时刻，意 识到那位

11、女士让自己的一天都很开心。A项意为“毁掉；B项意为“满足；C项意为 “制作，让；D项意为“填满。固定搭配make ones day意为“让某人开心。应选Co. B考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，与此同时，作者在想怎样去回报这位女士。answerback 意为“回嘴，顶嘴；give back意为“回报 ；bring back意为“带回，使想起；hold back意为“退缩。应选B。30 .A考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“it was quite impossible”及语境可知，此处表示毫无疑 问，回报她已经不太可能了，所以作者想把这份美好传递给他人。A项意为“疑问，疑 心；B项意为“奇迹；C项意为“

12、需要；D项意为“意义。应选A。31 .D考查连词辨析。根据语境可知，当作者开车的时速到达每小时70英里时，作者把速 度降到了每小时55英里。A项意为“在之后；B项意为“一旦；C项意为“自 从；D项意为“当时。应选D。32 .C考查名词辨析。根据上文中的“my speed to 55 mph及语境可知，作者降速了以后， 油耗减少了 35%o A项意为“奉献；B项意为“假设，承当；C项意为“消耗； D项意为“描述。应选C。33 .B考查副词辨析。根据语境可知，诚然，作者再次失去了那位女士帮助作者节省的10分 钟。A项意为“意外地；B项意为“诚然；C项意为“惊奇地；D项意为“失望 地。应选B。34

13、.D考查动词辨析。根据上文中的“I wondered how toit back to her可知,此处表示这是 回报那位女士以及为环境做点小事的方式。A项意为“记起，回忆起；B项意为“帮 助；C项意为“欣赏，感谢；D项意为“归还，报答。应选D。第二节本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国三星堆遗址的相关情况。35 .most important考查形容词的比拟等级。根据空前的“one of the”及空后的notonly inChina but all over the world，z可知，此处应用形容词的最高级作定语修饰“ancient remains”,表示三星堆遗址是最重要的古代遗址之一

14、。故填most important。37.its考查代词。此处应用形容词性物主代词与rich和cultural作定语，共同修饰名词content o 故填itso.was created考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，主句用现在完成时 或现在完成进行时，since引导时间状语从句，应用一般过去时；从句主语it与动词create 之间构成被动关系，应用被动语态；主语it是第三人称单数，谓语动词应用单三形式。 故填 was created o38 .of考查介词。固定搭配be made up of意为“由组成”，此处表示三星堆遗址是由几个被认为是四川省最大的古蜀文物遗址组成的。故

15、填Ofo.totally考查词性转换。此处应用副词作状语，修饰动词extending。故填totally。4Lwhat考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作动词find的宾 语，应用what引导该从句，表示专家们能找到的东西。故填what。421iving考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，which引导非限制性定语从句，means为从 句的谓语动词，“the people(live)behind the mysterious Ruins were during the late Neolithic(新石器时代的)age是means的宾语从句，在这个宾语从句中，已有谓语动词

16、 were,因此此处应用非谓语动词，动词live与被修饰词the people之间构成主动关系， 此处应用现在分词作后置定语修饰peopleo故填livingo.covers考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，主语The museum为第三 人称单数，谓语动词应用单三形式；且此处陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时。再结 合句意可知，主语The museum和谓语cover构成主动关系，表示“博物馆占地/覆盖面积”。故填covers。43 .construction考查词性转换。此处表示政府投资了 3000多万元用于博物馆的建设。根据空 前的定冠词“the和空后的介词“of可知，此处

17、应用名词，且construction不可数。故 填 construction o.a考查冠词。此处泛指“一种简单但非常庄严的风格，且simple是以辅音音素开头的 单词，应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。第三局部写作AA-第一节参考范文：Technology and LifeOver the last few decades, new technologies haveconstantly come into our life with many positive effects. For example, facial recognition makes iteasy for security g

18、uards to check passengers9 identity inhotels, stations and airports. Satellite navigation technologyguides us to the place where we want to go. Mobile payment allows us to purchase thingsjust with a smart phone. A voice assistant can provideanswers to our questions and do what we ask immediately.It

19、is obvious that modern technology has made ourlife more convenient and colorful. Only by taking full advantageof technology can we become the master of life.第二节参考范文：Paragraph 1:I looked back at the teacher and took a mugout of her hands and said, OK. Back to my seat, I beganto decorate it with conce

20、ntration. On it I painted “my fatherteaching me how to read” . Also, I decorated my mug withfourteen pink flowers, and Amelia only put on nine. Staringat my masterpiece, I wondered how my father would reactwhen seeing the mug. However, I decided not to give it tohim immediately I saw him because I r

21、emember how muchhe loved surprises. I would give him a big surprise.Paragraph 2:So when Dad picked me up after school, I hid the mug atthe bottom of my hackpack. Not until we returned home did Iput it on the table in the kitchen and hid behind the door.When he went to get a snack, he spotted the mug

22、, his eyeswide open.Whats this thing, Milo?” I stepped out andexplained softly, Its a Mothers Day mug. Its fbr you. I could clearly see the amazement on his face. Dad embraced metightly, words failing him. Through the window, the setting suncast a golden glow on us, warm and deep.Recently we celebra

23、ted my grandmothers 90th birthday. Family members traveled to my hometown tovisit her. This was the first time in many years that T had seen so many of them. Though this was an opportunity to see family, many people did not make it. Honestly, living far from hometown, I had missed many family gather

24、ings. But this one made merealize how much I was really missing.It seemed strange when I was looking at the faces, realizing whom they were and greeting them with open arms. Afterchatting for a while, we caught up on each others news. Several relatives suggested having a family reunionsoon if everyo

25、ne wasnt so busy. But my grandmothers generation was much busier, yet still found time togather. They understood the importance of visiting one another. They knew time is flying and that those youcare about most wont be here forever.Today, we focus on our careers and raising our kids. Our extended f

26、amily isnt the center it oncewas. Besides, we keep in touch on social media. But what we really miss are the potato salad, the momentsof laughter and sudden bursts of excitement when we hug someone we havent seen for over 10 years. Althoughthe next get-together is always a year or so away, people ar

27、ent goods and everyone has an expiration （至期）date.I left my grandmothers party with a much better sense of who I am and where I come from. I spentvaluable time with people who contributed to who I am today. I had forgotten how much I love them and I wasreminded how much I am loved.4. How did the aut

28、hor feel about missing previous family gatherings?A. Indifferent.B. Sad.C. Regretful.D. Annoyed.5. What do we know about the authors grandmother generation?A. They were carefree.B. They held family dear.C. They took time seriously.D. They visited family frequently.6. What does the author mean by the

29、 last sentence in paragraph 3?A. Family reunions mean no fun.B. All goods dont have an expiration date.C. People are always too busy to get together.D. We should see loved ones more before its too late.7. Why does the author write the text?A. To convince readers to meet friends.B. To share an intere

30、sting family reunion.C. To stress the value of family gatherings.D. To compare different generations9 values.If youre homeless and looking for a temporary shelterin Hawaiis capital, expect a visit from a robotic policedog that will scan your eyes to make sure you dont have a fever. Thats just one of

31、 the ways public safetyagencies are starting to use Spot, a new robot that runsaround with quick movement.The police officials experimenting with the four-leggedmachines say theyre just another tool to keep emergencyresponders out of harm9s way as they search fbr dangers.Joseph ONeal, an officer of

32、the Honolulu PoliceDepartment, said the robot has protected officers,shelter staff and residents by scanning body temperaturesbetween mealtimes at a shelter where homeless peoplecould quarantine （B局离）and get tested for COVID-19.The robot is also used to remotely interview individualswho have tested

33、positive.The company that makes the robots, Boston Dynamics,says its trying to do a good job of explaining to thepublic and its customers what Spot can and cannot do/One of the most difficult tasks is accurately explainingthe state of the technology to people who have never hadpersonal experience wi

34、th it,“ said Michael Perry, vicepresident of the company.There are roughly 500 Spot robots now in the wild.Perry said they,re commonly used by companies tocheck dangerous areas. Spot is also used to monitorconstruction sites, mines and factories, equipped withwhatever sensor is needed for the job.It

35、s still mostly controlled by humans, though allthey have to do is tell it which direction to go and it canclimb stairs or cross over rough areas. It can also operateautonomously, but only if its already memorized a roadand there arent too many surprise obstacles （障碍）.“The first value that most peopl

36、e see in the robot istaking a person out of a dangerous situation,“ Perry said. 8.What do police officials use Spot robots do?A. Treat patients, fever.8. Find out patients9 eye problems.9. Protect homeless people.10. Take peoples body temperature.9. Whats the main idea of paragraph 3?A. The shelter

37、where people get tested.B. The function of the robotic police dog.C. The future development of the robots.D. The characteristic of the four-legged machine.10. Whafs the companys big challenge?A. How to describe the technology.B. How to win its customers9 trust.C. How to promoteSpot robots.D. How to

38、produce more Spot robots.11. What can we infer about Spot robots from the lastparagraph?A. They can plan their own road easily.B. They can choose direction themselves.C. They can overcome many obstacles.D. They can remember a familiar road.DCommercial airlines alone contribute around 3 percent of to

39、tal global carbon emissions. But theindustry is actively looking for green solutions in theform of sustainable （可持续开展的） airline fuel, and in one case, that fuel may have had a previous life as your householdfood waste. In a study released this week in hcProceedings of the National Academy of Science

40、s,researchers detail a method of transforming food wasteinto sustainable airline fuel.Biomass （生物质），such as animal and foodwaste, can be transformed into biofuels, which arerenewable liquid fuels made from organic matter. DerekVardon, a senior research engineer at the NationalRenewable Energy Labora

41、tory （NREL）, says that theirfuel worked as a mixture of 90 percent conventionalpetrol airline fuel and 10 percent alternative airline fuelrequired by the industry currently. They also show theycould push it to a 70/30 mixture with more time andtesting available.Major companies are eager to participa

42、te insustainable airline fuel because some sustainable solutions, such as batteiy-operated commercial planesjust arent possible yet with current battery technology.A battery-powered plane would be too heavy to fly longdistances, so fuel that works in the same way as the fuelwe have is a simpler way

43、to trade out emission-heavyfossil fuels.Vardon says that because the wet waste used in theprocess would normally go to a landfill （垃圾填埋场）and break down to release greenhouse gases, the processof making and using sustainable airline fuel couldactually have a negative carbon footprint whenscaled up.Co

44、mmercial airlines are also on board to find anaffordable and sustainable solution to the carbon-intensiveprocess of air travel. Airlines are looking to hit aggressivesustainability goals by 2050, including decreasing netcarbon dioxide emissions by 50 percent.12. Which of the following is used for su

45、stainable airlinepower?A. Biomass.B. Liquid fuel.C. Battery power.D. Fossil fuel.13. Why are commercial planes still fuel-powered?A. Biofuel proves less costly and easier to produce.B Its convenient to create the proper fuel mixture.C. Biofuel is environmentally friendly and sustainable.D. Fuel-powe

46、red planes are likely to travel lighterand farther.14. What does the underlined phrase “on board in thelast paragraph refer to?A. Taking off.B. Participating in.C. Holding a meeting.D. Appearing on stage.15. Which can be a suitable title for the text?A. Alternative Energy to Fossil FuelB. How to Get

47、 Fossil Fuel SustainableC. Changing Food Waste into Airplane FuelD. How to Decrease Carbon Dioxide Emissions第二节共5小题；每题2.5分，总分值12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为 多余选项。It can be hard to be enthusiastic about your jobafter youve been at it for a while. This doesnnecessarily mean you need a ne

48、w job. There are somany different things you can try to help makeyourpresentjob feel a little more exciting.Change your routine. 16The first thing in themorning for you to do is to check your emails. Do youthink you really need to do so? Is there a reason whyteams always meet at a certain time? Start byquestioningthe way youve gottenused to doing things.j/7Dont be serious with yourself. Its important totake your work seriously, but that doesnt mean youhave to take yourself too seriously. Happiness ma