Unit 2 Success 词汇(教案)-高中英语北师大版(2019)选择性必修第一册.docx
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1、北师大2019版选择性必修一 unit 2词汇精讲persistent adj.执着的,坚持的;持续的I had a persistent cough for over a month.我持续咳嗽已经一个多月 了。【辨析】continual:强调重复或持续发生,但连续之间允许有间断。adj.不间断的,不停的Continual dropping wears away the stone. ,商水穿石。continuous:语意最强,强调在时间和空间上没有间断。adj,连续的,没有中断的We must be continuous to study.我们必须不断学习。successive:强调事物一
2、个接一个地发生,无间断。adj.连续的,相继的,继承的They have not been helped by the educational policies of successive governments. 历届政府的教育政策并未使他们获益。constant:多指习惯性的重复和不变的持续。adj.始终如一的;不断的;忠实的The weather has been constant this week.这星期的天气很稳定。Constant rejections made him feel worthless.不断地遭到拒绝使他觉得一无是 处。persistent:普通用词,可指不懈的努力
3、,也可指任何连续不断或重复出现的事物。persist v.坚持,持续She persisted in her search for the truth.她执着的追求真理。If the symptoms persist, consult your doctor.如果病症持续不消除的话,就得去看医生。determined adj.坚定的,坚决的,下定决心的be determined by由所决定to be determined有待决定的They determined to hold on to the last.他们决定坚持到最后。v. determine决决定optimistic adj.乐观的
4、,乐观主义的She is not optimistic about the outcome. 她对结果并不乐观。pessimistic adj.悲观的,消极的There is no reason to be pessimistic about the future. 没有理由对未来悲观。disciplined adj.遵守纪律的self-disciplined:自我严格要求的;自我要求的;自律的;严格自律的For me it meant being very disciplined about how I run my life.对我而言,它意味着要以非常有纪律的方式生活。discipline
5、 n.纪律;训练;学科/ vt.训练;惩罚retire from 从退休And David Beckham is retiring from soccer. 大卫贝克汉姆即将退役。He took to gardening after he retired.adj. retired退休的,退役的Many retired people take up gardening as a hobby.许多退休的人都以从事园艺为嗜好。n. retirement退休,退役;退休生活,隐居retirement pay / benefit 退休金 pension 养老金You have thought about
6、 your life in retirement?你有想过退休以后的生活吗?leadership n.领导,领导地位,领导才能under the leadership of 在的领导之下He undertook the leadership of the team.Britain has lost her leadership in the shipbuilding industry.devotion n.奉献,忠诚,献身Her devotion to the job left her with very little free time.The core values are credibi
7、lity, team work, diligence and devotion.我们公司的核心价值观是老实守信、团结协作、勤奋努力和乐于奉献。v. devote奉献,投入devote to把.奉献给I wanted to devote more time to my family.It cant be denied that we need to devote more resources to this problem.【辨析】dedicate:正式用词,指献身于某一崇高事业或目的,也可指把著作题献给他人。vt.致力,献身She dedicated much of her life to h
8、elping children in need.devote:普通用词,指决心把全部身心、精力、时间等献给某一目标,某一个人或致力于某 一事业。advanced adj.先进的,高级的advanced technology 先进的技术advanced education 高等教育advanced English/mathematics 高级英语/高等数学We have both elementary and advanced training sessions.advance v.前进;开展;提出;/n.前进,进步;开展;改进in advance提前,预先make advances接近;预付;
9、取得进步Its cheaper if you book the tickets in advance.Weve, were making really big advances here this year.forwards adv.向前,今后put forward v.提出;拿出;放出;推举出look forward期待;盼望brought forward 提出I can only put this one forwards, it wont go back. 我只能往前调 没方法往后调。forward adj.向前的,迅速的/ adv.向前地He took two steps forwar
10、d.Artificial intelligence will make a huge leap forward.人工智能将产生巨大飞跃。collapse v.倒塌;瓦解;暴跌The roof of the old house collapsed.Their economy is teetering on the brink of collapse.他们的经济正摇摆于崩溃的边缘。reference n.提及,参考;查阅;推荐信I scanned through the reference materials.Avoid any reference to his illness.refer v.提
11、及,涉及;参考,查阅refer to:参考;涉及;查阅refer to as把称作Its unclear what exactly he was referring to.现在并不清楚他指的是哪件事。Its referred to as the lungs of the earth.faith n.信任,相信faith in对的信任;对有信仰;对有信心Weve lost faith in the governments promises.我们不再相信政府的承诺。【辨析】belief:普通用词,指单纯从主观上的相信,不着重这种相信是否有根据。faith:语气较强,强调完全相信;有时也能仅凭感觉产
12、生的相信。confidence:指对某人某事有充分信心,断定不会使人失望,因而给予信任。conviction:多指根据长期交往或实践,对某人某事有了认识和了解后产生的信心和相信, 侧重其坚定性。n.确信,坚定的信仰;定罪,判罪You have not the courage of your convictions.你没有勇气坦白成认你真正的思想。credit:语气最弱,着重以声誉为信任的基础。trust:强调相信、信任的完全可靠。adj. faithful忠实的,忠诚的The dog is a faithful friend of man.狗是人忠实的伙伴。discipline n.训练;惩罚
13、;纪律;学科strengthen discipline 力口强纪律He insists on discipline in the classroom.Mathematics and physics are re I ated disciplines.They are very stern in their discipline.【辨析】drill:侧重进行有系统的,严格和重复的练习。n./v.钻孔;训练They have been doing military drills together for years.他们多年来一直在一起进行军事演习。exercise:主要指为强壮体魄而进行的锻炼,
14、也可指进行练习以保持已经获得的技巧。v.练习;运动;锻炼 take/do exercise做运动Exercise will improve your appetite for food.practice:指把所学的理论或知识用于实践以获得技艺与技巧。n.练习;实践common practice惯例,习惯做法 in practice实际上,事实上Practice is the sole criterion of truth.实践是检验真理的唯一标准。training:普通用词,泛指为从事某种职业而进行的身体或智力方面的训练。训练;培养professional training 职业训练 trai
15、ning camp 集训营In this profession, training and experience are of equal importance.在这个行业中,培训和经验有着相等的重要性。discipline:既可指训练又可指为到达某种熟练程度而进行的约束。v. discipline训练;处分;约束rejection n.嫌弃;拒绝接受These feelings of rejection and hurt remain.这些遭到拒绝和伤害的感觉仍然存在。v. reject拒绝;抵抗;丢弃It lies with you to accept or reject the prop
16、osals.接受或是拒绝这些建议由你决定bitter adj.痛苦的;刺骨的;辛酸的bitter taste 苦味bitter cold 严寒The leaves taste rather bitter.这些叶子尝起来相当苦。adv. bitterly痛苦地;悲愤地;苦涩地Some of them bitterly attacked their former friends.他们中有些人恶毒地攻击他们过去的朋友。promotion n.提升,晋升;推销sales promotion 促销The announcement of his promotion took us all by surpr
17、ise.宣布他的提升让我们都很感意外。label vt.标注;贴标签;n.商标;标签brand label品牌标签He attached labels to all his bags.他在所有的袋子上都系上标签。His enemies labeled the boy a thief.他的敌人把这个小孩叫做小偷。All goods should be labeled with a price.所有货物都应该标明价格。entrance n.进入许可;入口;v.使着迷college entrance examination 高考; 大学入学考试entrance ticket门票,入场券The ent
18、rance to the lab is straight ahead.Readers were entranced by this vision.income n.收入,收益income tax所得税low income低收入gross income 总U攵入So you have plenty of disposable income.He deceived his friends about his income.实验室入口就在前方。此情此景让读者神往不已。所以你就有大把可支配收入。【“收入”】earnings:多指通过劳动或投资等手段所得到的收入。allowance:指收入中的补贴局部。
19、income:与earnings含义很相近,但前者强调总收入。salary:指按年定下,按月或星期平均给予的报酬,指脑力劳动者的薪水。wage:多用复数形式,指按小时、日或星期的报酬,通常指体力劳动者的工资。pay:是个通用词,可取代salary与wage.fee:指提供某种服务收取的固定费用。He insists on discipline in the classroom.他一贯强调课堂纪律。8mmitted adj.忠诚的,坚定的,尽心尽力的be committed to致力于;委身于;以为己任They are committed socialists.他们是坚定的社会主义者。They
20、are committed to building an open global economic.他们致力于建设开放型全球经济。commit v.犯罪;承诺;委托commit oneself承诺,容许负责commit suicide 自杀commit a crime才口罪;孑已下罪行He would not commit himself in any way.他不愿作任何承诺。n. commitment投入,忠诚,奉献,承诺enthusiastic adj.热心的,热情的enthusiastic about热情;对热心She gave a clear presentation, and so
21、unded enthusiastic about the product.她的展示清晰明确,听起来对产品很有热情。be keen onambitious adj.有抱负的,雄心壮志的They are ambitious although they are poor.他们虽穷却很有志气。n. ambition野心,雄心;抱负,志向It had been her lifelong ambition.这是她终身追求的目标appreciative adj.欣赏的,感激的,理解的We have been very appreciative of their support. 我们对他们的支持一直非常感激
22、。v. appreciaten.appreciationinjury n伤,损害adj. injured 受伤的【辨析】hurt:普通用词,较口语化,侧重指给有生命的东西造成机体上或精神、感情上的或轻或重 的伤害。injure:较hurt正式,多用于有生命的事物。既可指伤害别人的事物。即可指伤害别人的健 康、外貌、自尊心、名誉等,又可指使别人受伤或东西受损,同时含有受伤害局部至少暂时 丧失功能的意味。wound:专指对身体的重伤,尤指在战斗中受的伤,强调外部创伤;也可指精神方面的伤害。 harm:主要用于有生命的东西,语气略强于injure,指引起严重的痛苦和损伤;有时也用于 抽象事物,指造成
23、任何不良后果。damage:通常指对无生命物体的损害,并有降低其价值,破坏其功能等的后果。disable:强调使伤残career n.职业,事业She takes up nursing as a career. 她以看护为职业。Personally, I would give priority to career development. 我个人认为,我倾向于职业开展。【同义表达】profession9 occupation9 causecooperation n.合作,协作in cooperation with 与.合作I was trying to foster peace and coo
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