专业英语四级模拟试卷277(题后含答案及解析).docx

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1、专业英语四级模拟试卷277 (题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. DICTATION 2. LISTENING COMPREHENSION 3. CLOZE 4. GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY 5. READING COMPREHENSION 6. WRITINGPART I DICTATION (15 MIN)Directions: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which wil

2、l be read at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be read at normal speed again and during this time you should check your wor

3、k. You will then be given 2 minute听力原文： College Life When students leave for college at an age 17 or 18, / many of them have never been away from home and their family. / The transition to greater freedom and responsibility may be difficult for them, / with no one to wake them up for breakfast or do

4、 their laundry. / and fewer classes to attend but larger amounts of homework. / Some students do not adjust successfully. / In the United States, where almost 70% of high school graduates enter college, / only a minority of these actually graduate. / College has many social attractions, / some of wh

5、ich can be distractions. / Sports, concerts, and parties can be very time-consuming. / The temptation to stay up too late at night is always present. / so self-discipline is an important lesson to learn. / In addition, many students have part-time jobs, especially in the US / where most students hav

6、e cars and are expected to help their parents pay for tuition or college housing. /1. Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be read at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and thi

7、rd readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be read at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more.正确答案： College Life

8、 When students leave for college at an age 17 or 18, / many of them have never been away from home and their family. / The transition to greater freedom and responsibility may be difficult for them, / with no one to wake them up for breakfast or do their laundry. / and fewer classes to attend but la

9、rger amounts of homework. / Some students do not adjust successfully. / In the United States, where almost 70% of high school graduates enter college, / only a minority of these actually graduate. / College has many social attractions, / some of which can be distractions. / Sports, concerts, and par

10、ties can be very time-consuming. / The temptation to stay up too late at night is always present. / so self-discipline is an important lesson to learn. / In addition, many students have part-time jobs, especially in the US / where most students have cars and are expected to help their parents pay正确答

11、案：A听力原文： Conservationists say the Internet has emerged as one of the biggest threats to endangered species. (29) It is easier than ever before to buy and sell anything from live baby lions to polar bear pelts on the Internet, as buyers and sellers take advantage of the anonymity and vast global mark

12、et一the World Wide Web can offer. The findings were presented at the 175-nation Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species, which is meeting in Doha, Qatar. Several proposals to give endangered species more protection were defeated. A proposal from the US and Sweden to regulate the trade

13、 in red and pink coral was defeated. (30) Delegates voted the idea down mostly over concerns the increased regulations might impact poor fishing communities.26. According to conservationists, why does the Interact pose a threat to endangered species?A. Buyers and sellers can employ anonymity in trad

14、ing on the Interact.B. Buyers and sellers can make use of the information on the global market.C. It is much cheaper to trade them on the Interact.D. A lot of endangered species are available on the Interact.正确答案：A27. The proposal to regulate trade in red and pink coral was defeated mostly becauseA.

15、 red and pink coral were not among the endangered.B. the US and Sweden didnt support the proposal.C. delegates didnt think it was necessary to do that.D. regulations may affect poor fishing communities.正确答案：D听力原文： In his opening address, Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak only vaguely touched on the p

16、olitical upheavals that have rocked his country over the last few weeks, portraying Egypt as a nation on the road to economic and political reform. He defended the slow pace of change. 21He says his vision of reform is based on a gradual, prudent approach that ensures its sustainability rather than,

17、 in his words, unduly hastening its course, thus leading to chaos and the death of the process itself. 22Egypt9s hosting of the World Economic Forum has been partly overshadowed by a major crackdown on dissent that preceded it. Over the last month, police have repeatedly attacked and beaten peaceful

18、 demonstrators, who took to the streets to support two pro-reform judges. Hundreds of activists remain in prison. 23The group Human Rights Watch has urged business leaders at the World Economic Forum to make it clear to Mr. Mubarak that suppression of dissent will alienate investors as well as activ

19、ists.28. What is Egyptian President Hosni Mubaraks vision of reform?A. It should be radical and rapid to take effect.B It should be gradual and prudent instead of excessively hasty.C. Political and economic reform should keep hand in hand.D. Economic reform is essential for political reform.正确答案：B解析

20、：新闻提到，埃及总统穆巴拉克认为改革应以渐进、谨慎的方法为基础， 而不应过度地冒进。故选项B为正确答案。29. What has partly overshadowed the Egypts hosting of the World Economic Forum?A. A slow pace of change in Egypt.B. Hundreds of activists being in prison.C. A crackdown on dissent that preceded the Forum.D. Demonstrations held in the streets to su

21、pport judges.正确答案：c解析：新闻提到，世界经济论坛受到此前埃及政府对持不同政见者镇压的影 响。故选项C为正确答案。30. Who has the group Human Rights Watch thought the suppression of dissent will alienate?A. Demonstrators.B. Business leaders.C. Investors and activists.D. Pro-reform judges.正确答案：C解析：新闻结尾处提到，人权观察组织人士强烈要求参加世界经济论坛的商 界领导人向穆巴拉克总统表明，镇压持不同政

22、见者不但会疏远激进主义分子，也 会疏远投资者。故选项C正确。PART III CLOZE (15 MIN)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks.Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if in

23、serted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on your answer sheet. Large animals that inhabit the desert have evolved a number of adaptations for reducing the effects of extreme heat. 31 adaptation is to be light in color, and to 32 rather than absorb the suns rays. Desert

24、 mammals also depart from the normal mammalian practice of maintaining a 33 body temperature. 34 trying to keep down the body temperature deep inside the body, 35 would involve the expenditure of water and energy, desert mammals allow their temperatures to rise to what would normally be fever 36 , a

25、nd temperatures as high as 46 degrees Celsius have been measured in gazelles （瞪羚羊）. Another strategy 37 large desert animals is to tolerate the loss of body water to a point 38 would be fatal for non-adapted animals. The camel can lose up to 30 percent of its body weight 39 water without harm to its

26、eff, 40 human beings die after losing only 12 to 13 percent oftheir body weight. An equally important adaptation is the ability to 41 this water loss 42 onedrink. Desert animals can drink prodigious volumes in a short time, and camels have been known to 43 over 100 liters in a few minutes. A very de

27、hydrated person,【44，cannot drink enoughwater to rehydrate at one 45 , because the human stomach is not sufficiently big and because a toorapid 46 of the body fluids causes death from water intoxication. The 47 of water loss is ofobvious advantage in the desert, as animals do not have to remain 48 a

28、water hole but can obtain food from gazing sparse and far-flung pastures. Desert-adapted mammals have the49lability to feednormally when extremely dehydrated; it is a common experience in people that appetite is lost even 50 conditions of moderate thirst.31.A. TheB. One C. No D. Other正确答案：B解析：紧接上句，“

29、所做的适应之一”是本句要讲到的内容。故选B。32.A reactB reflect C reduce D. repel正确答案：B解析：根据常识，颜色浅吸收阳光就少，有利于动物保持较低的体温。又根 据rather than之后的absorb可确定此处应该选择它的反义词reflect033.A. continualB. stableC. constantD. hot正确答案：C解析：此句中mammalian是重要线索。从构词可知它的词义为“哺乳动物 的”；根据常识，哺乳动物的体温是恒定的，辨析四个选项，正确选项为C。34.A. BesidesB Apart fromC In order toD.

30、 Instead of正确答案：D解析：通读全句，前半句谈到 设法保持体内温度，这只是会耗费水和能量，后半句谈到为了节省能量只好任由体温升高。故可推断本句逻辑是否定前 半句而肯定后半句。instead肯表示“代替,而不是”，符合句意。35.A thatB. whichC. itD. what正确答案：B解析：根据上题的分析可知此句应是非限制性定语从句，故选which。36.A. height B degree C. scale D. domain正确答案：A解勺：本句中的动词词组rise to表明其后面应该跟达到的具体数据，选项中 可以表示点的有degree和heighto fever少与de

31、gree直接搭配，可说the degree of fever,表示具体的发烧度数。fever可与height搭配，表“发烧的程度”，故为答 案。37.A. fromB. byC. toD. of正确答案：D解析：本段开头提出另一个适应炎热天气的策略，策略与沙漠动物形成从属关系，策略是动物们的策略，所以选。f。38.A thatB whereC. itD. what正确答案：a解析：定语从句。根据从句中所缺成分来决定是选择关系代词还是关系副词。 此句that在从句中作主语。故选A。39.A. forB. asC. inD. with正确答案：b解析：本段讲到了沙漠动物适应环境的另一策略是容忍体内

32、水分的丧失，联 系上下文可知本句谓语动词lose的对象也是“水分”，故可推断骆驼是以水分的 方式而丧失体重的30%, as表示作为，以”，在此作介词。40.A. howeverB whereasC on the contraryD. when正确答案：B解析：本句明显是骆驼与人类之间的对比，此处需要一个转折连词。whereas 符合句意。41.A. compensateB make upC. replenishD. refill正确答案：C解析：失去水分后需要补充回来。compensate和make up后面的宾语是物的 时候，都要跟介词for。refill是“装满”的意思，不符合句意。故选C

33、。42.A. atB. withC. owing toD - due to正确答案：A解析：at表示频率。又如：Eat one apple at a time.（每次吃一个苹果。）A . take B devour C. imbibe D. accept正确答案：C解析：联系本句的前半句可知此处需要一个跟drink词义相近的词，imbibe 表示“喝，吸入”，尤指液体，符合句意。43.A on the other handB on the wholeC. on another conditionD. on another hand正确答案：A解析：前句讲动物，本句讲人类，形成对比。on the

34、 other hand表示“可是, 另一方面”，符合对比句意。44.A. sessionB sectionC - partD. mouthful正确答案：A解析：本句的at说明此处表示频率，session表示“（从事某一活动的）一段时 间”，at one session在此表示“一次”,符合句意。45.A. dilutionB wateringC. mixtureD. thickening正确答案：A解析：本句大意是因为人类脱水后一次摄入太多水，会造成水中毒(water intoxication)而死亡。可用排除法来解题。watering是“洒水，浇灌”的意思； mixture跟后面的flui

35、ds“液体”不搭配，因为只有水不能造为“混合物”；thickening 是“使变粘稠”，故三个均不合句意，只有dilution “稀释”可选。句意为“体液 的迅速稀释会造成水中毒而使人死亡”。46.A - permittanceB allowanceC enduranceD. tolerance正确答案：D解析：根据本句中的advantage可知本句主语是沙漠动物相对于其他动物的 优势，本段首句中的to tolerate the loss of body water正是优势，此处的意思与它 相似，故tolerate的名词形式tolerance符合句意。47.A nearB. beforeC.

36、asideD. along正确答案：A解析：aside是副词，不能跟宾语。near既可以作副词，也可以作介词，故 选Ao48.A - furtherB furthermoreC. ablerD. stronger正确答案：a解析：本句讲到沙漠动物的另一个适应性特征，与前面的内容形成递进的关 系。此处需填相当形容词性的词来修饰ability, further表递进关系，符合题意。49.A. onB. inC underD. with正确答案：C解析：考介词与 condition 的搭配，on condition that 表示“如果”;in. condition 表示“处在状态；undercon

37、dition表示“在情况下”，符合句意。PART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY (15 MIN)Directions: There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.50. She was full of pity the little boy with no one

38、to love and care forhim.A . withB. inC. forD. on正确答案：C解析：考查动词搭配。pity在表示“对某人的同情”时要接介词for,例如： He agreed out of pity for her children.(他出于对她孩子的同情而同意了。)51. The reason his going to France was he got a new job there.A. for. becauseB. for. thatC. of. becauseD. of. that正确答案：B解析：考查词组辨析。reason之后的表语从句只能用that引导

39、；reason for (doing) sth.中的for不可以用of替代。由此可见，选项B为正确答案。52. , both his father and mother died.A. At the age of sixB. Being six years oldC. He was six years oldD. When he was six years old正确答案：D解析：考查状语成分。介词短语和现在分词作状语时，其逻辑主语应为句子 的主语，否则该介词或分词结构就成为悬垂结构。选项D是when引导的时间状 语从句，符合题意，为正确答案。而选项A、B中，介词短语at the age of

40、 six和 分词短语being six years old者B与句子主语both his father and mother。不致，所 以错误。选项C中缺少连词引导从句，所以也不对。53. They wanted to eat out but could find cheap enough.A. littleB. nowhereC. seldomD. hardly正确答案：B解析：考查副词辨析。nowhere是表示否定的地点副词，意为“无处”，等 同于no place,在本题中可作find的宾语，因此为正确答案。little, seldom和hardly 都是表否定的副词，不能充当宾语成分。5

41、4. . Advertising can be a service to the customer. This is true when advertisements give liable information about the goods.A. advertisedB being advertisedC. to be advertisedD. having been advertised正确答案：A解析：考查过去分词的用法。在本题中，过去分词advertised作后置定语修 饰名词goods,说明一种客观情况，没有时态上的要求，因此选项A正确，而选 项B和D错误。选项C是不定式作定语，

42、一般指将要发生的事情，指动作而不 指状态。56. vastness of the Grand Canyon, it is difficult to capture it in a single photograph.A. While theB. TheC. For theD. Because of the正确答案：d解析：考查连词用法。本题逗号后面是个完整的句子，那么前面很可能是介 词结构、分词结构或者主语的同位语，选项D是介词短语作状语，为正确答案。 选项A中的While后应为从句，缺少谓语；选项B使句子出现两个主语，而后 面的主语是代词it,前面不能用同位语，只有当主语是名词或者名词短语的

43、时候 才可用同位语；选项C中把For在句首，不表示“因为，一般作介词使用，故 不对。57. is mentioned in some of his books, the author was brought up in England.A. ItB . ThatC. WhatD. As正确答案：D解析：考查非限制性定语从句引导词。as可作关系代词，引导非限定性定语 从句，其先行词是整个主句，从句既可以置于主句之前，也可以置于主句之后。 which也具备这种功能，但只能放到主句之后。58. Agriculture is the countrys chief source of wealth, r

44、ice. by far the biggest cereal crop.A. isB. beenC. beD. being正确答案：D解析：考查独立主格结构。由于逗号不能连接两个完整的句子，因而逗号后 所接部分只能是非谓语形式，即独立主格结构作句子的状语。rice与be之间为 主动关系，因此用现在分词being。选项A和C为句子谓语，可先排除；而选择 B为过去分词，表被动形式，不合题意。59. Im sure your suggestion will the problem.A. contribute to solvingB be contributed to solveC. contribu

45、te to solveD. be contributed to solving正确答案：A解析:考查contribute to的用法。contribute to意为“有助于，促成，不用 于被动态，其中的t。是介词，所以后面应接名词或动名词，由此可知选项A为 正确答案。60. The house was very quiet,as it was on the side of a mountain.A. isolatedB isolatingC. being isolatedD. having been isolated正确答案：A解析：考查过去分词作原因状语的用法。在本句中，分词作原因状语，其逻

46、 辑主语为house,分词与主语在逻辑上是动宾关系，因而要用过去分词表示被动。 由此可见，A为正确答案。B项为现在分词表主动语态，故错误。分析题干可知 过去分词短语指的是一种事实或状态，所以不必用进行时或完成时，故C、D选 项错误。61. My wife said in her letter that she would appreciate from you sometime.for tuition or college housing. /解析：根据常识我们知道，在美国上大学的几率是很高的，由此可断定句子 “In the United States, where almost 70% of

47、 high school graduates enter college, only a minority of these actually graduate.中的数字应为 70%,而不可能是 17%。PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION (20 MIN)Directions: In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your answer sheet.SECTION A CONVERSATIONSDirections: In this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.听力原文：M: (1) Tve been studying too much and need a change, so I just made p