备考2023年高考二轮英语复习讲练专题03非谓语动词.docx
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1、专题03非谓语动同备考2023年高考英语二轮复习讲练测.班练目录一 考点解读、解题要领、六大考点二 作状语三 作定语四 作宾语五 作宾语补足语六. .作主语七. .表语八. .非谓语形式总结回顾十 真题练一练【考点解读非谓语动词首先是一种动词形式,其次是这种动词形式不能做谓语,综合这两点, 我们将其叫做非谓语动词。在历年高考中非谓语动词都是重点和必考点。无论是语法填 空还是短文改错和写作,熟悉非谓语动词的基本用法及作同种成分时的用法区别都是解题 的关键。【解题要领】1 .分析句子结构,区分“谓语与非谓语”2 .判断非谓语动作的逻辑主语,以此来确定它表示主动含义还是被动含义。非谓动词做定语时,其
2、逻辑主语是它所修饰的名词或代词。非谓语动作做状语时,其逻辑主语是句子主语。非谓语动作做宾补时,其逻辑主语是它前面的宾语。3 .判断非谓语动作与谓语动作的先后关系。【八大考点】1. 作状语2. 作定语3. 作宾语4. 作宾语补足语5. 作主语6. 作表语八真题练一练I.单句填空1 . (2022 年全国高考新高考 I 卷语法填空)The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protec
3、ted areas for giant pandas under one authority 59 (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.2 . (2022 年全国甲卷短文改错)I was unwilling talk with him and often disobeyed his rule of not staying out with my friends too late.3 . (2022 年全国甲卷语法填空)A visually-challenged man from Beijing rec
4、ently hiked (徒步)40 days to Xian, as a first step 61 (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线)by foot. Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700 kilometers 69 from Xi(hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬
5、)to the ancient Silk Road. 7.(2021 年全国甲卷短文改错)Their answers also show that they dislike talk to others (2021 年全国乙卷语法填空). Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:Minimize the impact of 67 (visit)the place.Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for
6、 ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity. Activities there range from whale watching to hiking(远足)and accommodations aim 70 (have) a low impact on the natural environment. (2021 年 1 月浙江卷)Tn 1985, urban men and women in more than three quarters of thecountries 34. (study) had higher BMIs than m
7、en and women in rural areas. But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed 35. (sharp).This may be due to some disadvantages for people 36. (live) in the countryside, includingan to Kashgar on Sept. 20,70 (plan) to hikeback to Xian in five month
8、s.4 .(2022 年浙江卷 1 月)That approach brought Cobb*s air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans 45 (continue) the practice.5 .(2022 年北京卷)Fearful that he might have an intention 31(harm) her, Helen started torun.6 .(2022 全国甲卷inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation lower lev
9、els of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.10 (2021 年全国甲卷语法填空)It is possible 43 (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.11 . (2020 年新课标 I 卷)Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Change-466. (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken
10、 basin.67. (2020 年新课标 I 卷)1 like eating frying tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must to be easy to cook.68. (2020 年新课标 I 卷)My mom told me how to preparing it69. (2020 年新课标 II 卷)They represent the earth 63 .(come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.70. (2020新课标 H 卷)They make great gi
11、fs and you see them many times 65. (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.71. (2020 年新课标 II 卷)They are easy 68. (care) for and make great presents.72. (2020 年新课标 III 卷)The next morning he hired a boat and set out 67. (find) the well-known painter.73. (2020 年新课标 III 卷)And when he
12、saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds69. (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.74. (2020 年山东卷)As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模 拟)and imagine themselves (they) living at a different time in history or 43. (walk)through a
13、rainforest.75. (2020 年浙江卷)Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology60. (change)lives.1 .【答案】to increase【解析】考查非谓语动词。设空处在句中已经有一个谓语动词“will extend”,剩下的这个 “increase”作非谓语,由句意可知,increase在此处表示目的,应用动词的不定式的形式。本 句句意:该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区,将许多现有的大熊猫保护区 纳入一个管理机构,以提高效率,减少管理上的不一致性。
14、故填to increase。2 .【答案】talk前面加to【解析】考查短语。句意:我不愿意和他交谈,经常违反他让我不要在外面待到很晚的规 定。be willing to do意思为:愿意做,为固定短语。故在talk前面加to。3.61 .【答案】to journey【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:近日,一名来自北京的盲人徒步40天来到西安,作为“一 带一路”徒步旅行的第一步。分析句子结合句意可知,journey为动词,表示“旅行,step前面 有序数词,应用不定式,作后置定语。故填to journey。70 .【答案】planning【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:9月20日,他从4700公里外
15、的西安飞到了喀什,计划在 五个月内徒步返回到西安。分析句子可知,已有谓语动词flew,所以动词plan(计划)应用非 谓语动词形式,plan与主语He之间为逻辑主谓关系,应用现在分词,表主动。故填planningo 4.【答案】to continue【解析】考查动词不定式。句意:他打算继续这个实践。动词plan后面跟动词不定式, plan to do sth计划做,故填 to continue o71 【答案】to harm【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:海伦担心他可能有意伤害她,便开始快跑。分析句子结 构,可知空处应填非谓语动词的形式,have an intention to do sth.意
16、为“有意向做某事,固定 搭配,不定式作后置定语。故填to harm。72 【答案】held【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:受到在北京举行的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发, 曹决定徒步穿越这条路线,以向古代丝绸之路致敬。分析句子可知,本句已有谓语动词decided, 所以hold应用非谓语动词形式,hold与cooperation之间为逻辑动宾关系,应用过去分词,作 后置定语,表被动。故填held。73 【答案】talk - talking【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:他们的答案也表明他们不喜欢和其他人说。固定短语dislike doing sth.,意为“不喜欢做某事,,doing为动名词作
17、宾语。故talk改为talking。74 【答案】67. visiting 70. to have【详解】67.考查动名词。句意:最大限度地减少拜访这个地方的影响。根据空格前介词of 可知,空格处应填动名词形式来作介词of的宾语。故填visiting。70.考查非谓语动词。句意:那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境 影响达到很小。固定短语aim to do译为“旨在,目的是故填to have。75 【答案】 34studied 35. sharply 36. living34 .考查非谓语动词。句意:1985年,在被研究的国家中,超过四分之三的城市男性和 女性的BMIs高于农村地
18、区的男性和女性。分析句子结构可知,句子的谓语是had,所以study 用非谓语形式,它的逻辑主语是countries,表被动关系,故填studied。35 .考查副词。句意:但30年后,许多国家城市和农村人口的BMI差异大幅缩小。分 析句子结构可知,sharp是要修饰动词narrow,用sharp的副词形式sharplyo故填sharplyo36 .考查非谓语动词。句意:这可能是由于生活在农村的人有一些不利条件,包括较低 的收入和教育水平,较高的健康食品成本,以及较少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知,句子 己有谓语动词may be,故live用非谓语形式,它的逻辑主语是people,表主动关系,做
19、定语, 用现在分词形式,故填living。76 .【答案】to walk【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:在观察了城墙上所有的防御设备后,我们决定是时 候采取行动了,还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。分析句子可知,此处为句型“it+be+adj+to do sth.,it为形式主语,动词walk的不定式短语作真正主语。故填to walk。77 .【答案】to find【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究 南极艾特肯盆地。此处表示目的,应使用不定式作目的状语。故填to find。78 .【答案】frying改为fried【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我喜欢吃西红
20、柿炒鸡蛋。动词fry与tomatoes之间是动 宾关系,所以此处应用过去分词作定语,故将frying改为fried。79 .【答案】 preparing 改为 prepare。【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我妈妈告诉我如何准备这道菜。分析句子可知,“how+ 不定式”作told的宾语,to是不定式符号,后应接动词原形,故将preparing改为prepare。80 .【答案】coming【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的美好祝愿。句中谓 语动词为represent,所以这里为非谓语动词。名词earth与come back to之间为主动关系,所 以用现在分词作后置定
21、语。故填coming。81 .【答案】decorated【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:它们是很好的礼物,你会经常看到它们装饰着红包和好 运的信息。句中them指代前句中的orange trees,与decorate之间为被动关系,所以用过去分 词作宾语补足语故填decorated。82 .【答案】to care【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:它们很容易照顾,也很适合作为礼物。这里考查“be+形 容词+ to do”结构。故填to careo83 .【答案】to find【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:第二天早上,他租了一条船,出发去找这位著名的画家。 结合句意表示“出发去做某事”短语为set ou
22、t to do sth.,后跟不定式做目的状语。故填to findo 18.【答案】surrounding【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:当他看到雾气从河上升起,山顶上乌云环绕,他不禁流 下了眼泪。分析句子结构可知,the soft clouds 69 (surround) the mountain tops是独立主格 结构做状语,surround在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语clouds构成主动关系,故应 用现在分词。故填surrounding o19 .【答案】walking【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:除了观赏展品,游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏,想象自己生 活在一个不同的历史时期,或者漫
23、步在热带雨林中。此处与living是并列成分,共同做imagine 的宾补,imagine sb doing sth.想象某人做某事。故填walking20 .【答案】to change【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:农业让人们第一次体验到技术改变生活的力量。分析句 子,简单句中已有动词gave故提示词部分需用非谓语动词。分析句意,此处需用不定式表示 目的。故填to change。II.语篇填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1. (2022-2023学年广西9月联考英语试题)Shadow theater is a unique art form in China
24、. Thanks to the basic principle of light and shadow projected (投影)onto a screen, performers use puppets (玩偶)41(make) from animal skins to tell stories in a form of opera. Two thousand years ago, the sadness of Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty over the death of his favorite lover was 42(full) re
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