解析：湖南省长沙市2020年中考英语试题（解析版）.docx

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1、2020年长沙市初中学业水平考试试卷英语注意事项:L答题前，请考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证 号、考室和座位号；2 .必须在答题卡上答题，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效；3 .答题时，请考生注意各大题题号后面的答题提示；4 .请勿折叠答题卡，保持字体工整、笔迹清晰、卡面清洁;5 .答题卡上不得使用涂改液、涂改胶和贴纸；6 .本学科试卷中听力材料以中速朗读两遍。试卷分为四个部分，共8页,75小题，时量120分钟，满分120分。I.听力技能 第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出】 佳选项回答问题。听每段对话前，你将有时

2、间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将 给出5秒钟的作答时间。1. How was the weather yesterday?A. Cloudy B. Rainy C. Sunny2. What is Peter doing now?A. Watching TV B. Playing with his sister. C. Walking his dog3. Which subject does Cathy like best?A. English B. Chinese C. Math4. Where is Jacks dictionary?A. In the study B. In

3、 the living room C. In the bedroom5. How often does Lisa play volleyball?A. Once a week B. Twice a month C. Every day第二节听下面6段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有23个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三 个选项中选出最佳选项回答问题。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。 听第六段材料，回答第6、7题。6. How many pages of Robinson Crusoe has Sam read?【解析】本文是宣传短篇

4、小说写作俱乐部的一些情况。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据表格中介绍的“Meeting time； Club aim； Club activities； Materials needed”，可知上面的图表很可能是一个新俱乐部的邀请,故选Co【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据Qub activities中介绍的活动,可知选项A和B是俱乐部的活动,而选项C是属于Plan for finding new members 中的内容，故选 Co The Name of This Book Is SecretReaders will love following Max-Emest and Cass as t

5、hey solve the mystery (谜)of a missing magician! Filled with word games, this is a book that won*t stay secret for long.“ An amazing story full of puzzles (不解之谜)! It will certainly win your heart and will make you never want to stop turning the pages. ” Alex Smith, 13Buy now! $13. 90 (hardcover), $8.

6、 20 (e-book)The London Eye MysterySalim suddenly disappears. No one knows where he has gone. How on earth could he have disappeared? His cousins, Ted and Kate, have to follow clues (线索)around London and find him before it is too late. Can they make it?“Its a great book! I had my nose in it all the t

7、ime! This must be the coolest book in the world!” Sarah Andrew, 12Buy now! $12. 60 (hardcover), $7.10 (e-book)23. Who is missing in The Name of This Book Is Secret?A. SalimB. A magicianC. Max-Ernest24. What does Sarah mean by saying1* I had my nose in it”?A. She liked the smell of the bookB. The boo

8、k was very hard to understandC. The book was so interesting that she read it carefully.25. How much money can you save if you buy an e-book of The London Eye Mystery instead of a hardcover of it?A. $5. 50B. $5.70C. $7.10【参考答案】23. B 24. C 25. A【解析】本文是两则关于书的广告,分别简单介绍了两本书的内容、读后感和价格。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据表格第一行

9、第二列中Readers will love following Max-Emest and Cass as they solve the mystery (谜)of a missing magician! ”可知失踪的是一位魔术师，故选B。【24题详解】 词句理解题。根据表格第二行第二列中Its a great book!和 “This must be the coolest book in the world!可知Sarah在看过这本书后,觉得这本书既好也有趣,故选C。【25题详解】 计算题。根据表格第二行第二列中Buy now! $12. 60 (hardcover), $7.10 (e-

10、book)可知精装书与电子书之间的差价是5.5美元,故选Ao第二节短文理解阅读下面的短文,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。On June 9th, 1870, Charles Dickens died at the age of 58. The next day, a headline in The New York Times read: Death of the Great Novelist. Will Be Remembered by the People./9The headline was not overstating （夸大）the popula

11、rity of Dickens. Even today, the British novelist is loved by readers all over the world. Dickens created some unforgettable characters. You must have heard of or even read some of his novels: Oliver Twist. A Christmas Carol and A Tale of Two Cities. A Hile of Two Cities has sold more than 200 milli

12、on copies. Since 1897, there have been more than 300 film and TV adaptations （改编版本）of Dickens* works. A Christmas Carol alone has had nearly 50.Natalie Mcknight is a literature professor （文学教投） who studies Dickens and his works. She explains why the novelist has remained so popular. One important re

13、ason, she says, is that Dickens wrote from his heart. He tried hard to produce emotional effects （T青感效果） among his readers. In his works, he paid special attention to the little man at the bottom of society in the UK, which deeply mirrored the social reality at that time. A Christmas Carol,for examp

14、le, was written to make every reader think about how they could make a difference to their society, thPeople always enjoy works that make them laugh, cry and think. Many other 19 -century novelists wrote entertaining （娱乐的）works. However, few of them worked as hard as Dickens to touch the readers dee

15、ply.Dickens wrote about situations and emotions that still interest people today. He used his pen to fight social inequality and gave voice to the poor. His works led to many important social changes. Readers always enjoy seeing poor people rise and succeed.This year marks the 150lhyear of Dickens1

16、death. It*s another chance to remember this great writer. Will you read or re-read some of his famous works?26. What is Paragraph （段落）2 mainly about?A. Personality of Dickens.B. Appearance of Dickens.C. Popularity of Dickens.27. As a novelist, why has Dickens remained so popular?A. He wrote for fun.

17、B. He wrote from his heart.C. He mainly wrote for the upper class.28. When people read Dickens novels, they could. meet the little man at the bottom of society in the UK know about the social reality at that time(3) not be influenced by the works at all think about how to make a difference to their

18、societyA.B.C.29. What does the underlined word “inequality” mean in Paragraph 4?A.不平等B.不现实C.不稳定30. The purpose of writing this text is probably to.A. introduce Charles Dickens* life and deathB. encourage readers to read or re-read Charles Dickens* worksC. present the similarities between Charles Dic

19、kens and other writers【参考答案】26. C 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. B【解析】文章大意：本文主要讲了小说家查尔斯狄更斯的受欢迎程度及其作品的影响力，恰逢狄更斯逝世150周年, 鼓励人们阅读或重读狄更斯的著名作品。【26题详解】段落大意题。第2段讲现今狄更斯也被世界各地的读者所喜爱，他创作了一些难忘的角色，段中列举了一些 狄更斯的代表作并指出双城记销量惊人,他的作品被改编成电影和电视多于三百个版本。由此可知主要 讲的是狄更斯的受欢迎程度。故选C。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据第 3 段中 She explains why the novelist ha

20、s remained so popular. One important reason, she says, is that Dickens wrote from his heart. 可知狄更斯如此受欢迎的一个重 要原因是他发自内心地写作。故选B。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第 3 段中“In his works, he paid special attention to the little man at the bottom of society in the UK, which deeply mirrored the social reality at that time/ 可知读狄

21、更斯 的小说能够见到英国社会底层的小人物,知道当时的社会现实，正确,再由第3段中A Christmas Carol, for example, was written to make every reader think about how they could make a difference to their society/可知读狄更斯的小说能使读者思考如何改变他们的社会，正确。故选C。【29题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词所在语境He used his pen to fight social inequality and gave voice to the poor. 讲到狄更斯为穷人

22、发声,结合选项可知他是用笔和社会不平等战斗inequality意为不平等的。 故选Ao【30题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段中Will you read or re-read some of his famous works?”可推出作者写 这篇文章是为了鼓励读者去阅读或重读狄更斯的作品。故选B。Have you ever seen a solar panel （太阳能电池板）in your neighborhood? Solar panels take energy from the sun and turn it into electricity. Over the past ten ye

23、ars, the price of solar panels has gone down greatly. In many parts of the world, solar energy is now the cheapest form of electricity. More and more people have started using solar energy to power（给供电）their homes.However, solar panels also have their problems. They stop working at night and on rain

24、y days. Is it possible to make them produce electricity all of the time?Scientists at Suzhou University, China, have invented a new solar panel now. It can produce electricity not only from solar energy but also from falling rain. When a raindrop falls on the solar panel and then rolls （滚动） down, it

25、 creates friction （摩擦力）on the surface of the panel, which can then be turned into electricity.Sun Baoquan is one of the inventors. Our new invention can produce electricity in any weather during the day,“ he says. It can even provide electricity at night if there is rain.”The solar panel, however, d

26、oes not make much electricity from falling rain. So Sun Baoquan is still working hard to improve it. The scientist also wants to make solar panels more flexible, which are as soft as clothing.The field of solar energy is developing fast. Scientists around the world have been improving solar panels.

27、Some have been working on ways to join solar panels and wind power together. Some have been trying to use sunlight to produce liquid and gas fuels （液体和气体燃料）.31. Which energy is now the cheapest form of electricity in many parts of the world?A. Solar energy.B. Water energy.C. Wind energy.32. What is

28、one of the problems of common solar panels?A. The price of them is rising.B. They cant work all of the time.C. They can hardly power peoples homes.33. Why is the new solar panel more scientific and useful?A. It has a larger size than a common one.B. It produces more electricity from falling rain tha

29、n solar energy.C. It can produce electricity day and night and even in rainy conditions.34. What does the underlined word “flexible mean in Paragraph 5?A.柔软的B.光滑的C.坚硬的35. We can infer （二隹断）from this text that.A. there is no room for developing solar energyB. there is no end to the research in the fi

30、eld of solar energyC. solar energy has completely taken the place of other kinds of energy【参考答案】31.A 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. B【解析】本文介绍了新型太阳能电池板,不仅可以昼夜工作,还可以利用降雨发电,更具科学性和实用性。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“In many parts of the world, solar energy is now the cheapest form of electricity.v 可知,在世界许多地方,太阳能是目前最便宜的供电形式。

31、故选Ao【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“They stop working at night and on rainy days.”可知，普通太阳能电池板在晚上 和雨天停止工作,这是普通太阳能电池板的一个问题。故选Bo【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“It can produce electricity not only from solar energy but also from falling rain.” 和 第四段中 “Our new invention can produce electricity in any weather during the day. It

32、can even provide electricity at night if there is rain.”可知,新型太阳能电池板不受天气影响，可以在白天和晚上工作，不仅可以利用太阳 能发电,还可以利用降雨发电,所以说新型太阳能电池板更具科学性和实用性。故选Co【34题详解】词意猜测题。根据第五段中which are as soft as clothing可知，新型太阳能电池板可以像衣服一样柔软，所 以此处划线部分单词flexible的意思是“柔软的”。故选A。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中 uScientists around the world have been impro

33、ving solar panels. Some have been working on ways to join solar panels and wind power together. Some have been trying to use sunlight to produce liquid and gas fuels.”可知，全世界的科学家都在改进太阳能电池板,有些人正在研究将太阳能电池板和风能 结合起来的方法，有些人试图利用阳光生产液体和气体燃料，由此可以推断出：太阳能领域的研究一直在进 行，永无止境。故选B。第三节语篇补全阅读下面的短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选

34、项补全短文。选项中有一项为多余选项。Mark Twain once said, Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today. The famous writer talked about a problem many of us have. The problem is procrastination （拖延症）.When procrastination becomes a habit, it can make our lives terrible. However, everyone can avoid it by taking a f

35、ew simple steps today!Make daily “to do” lists.Before your day ends, make a plan for tomorrow. List upcoming tasks in order of importance.Youll begin each new day with a head start, already knowing what needs to be done. As you complete each task, check it off.36.Always keep your daily schedule （计戈t

36、l） with you. Use it to remind yourself what you need to do next.Youll then have a much better chance of carrying out your plans.Break large tasks up into small ones.If a project looks too big,37. The task at hand may seem too great. You may feel defeated （失 败）before beginning. But every project is d

37、oable if its done in small steps.Begin by breaking up your task into smaller parts. This helps remove the unnecessary fear of having to do a large project all at one time.38.If your workplace is full of distractions （使人分心的事）,youll need to make some changes. You may need to remove your phone or TV fr

38、om your workplace. If people often stop by for a talk, you may need to move to a different place.Follow the five-minute rule.The hardest part about any task is getting started. Thats why so many people avoid their work until the last minute. Doing so usually leads to added stress. One solution to th

39、is problem is to schedule a time daily to work on your big project. Work on it for only five minutes. Then decide whether or not to continue. Surprisingly, once youve begun,39.A. you will certainly succeed at onceB. Change your working environmentC. This will give you a sense of successD. it can dis

40、courage you from getting startedE. you may be able to keep going and finish the task【参考答案】36.C 37. D 38. B 39. E【解析】你有拖延症吗？这是一个不好的习惯，它会让我们的生活变得糟糕。其实我们可以采取一些简单的步骤避 免拖延,短文中作者告诉了我们一些具体的做法。【36题详解】根据空前这句话“As you complete each task, check it off.，当你完成每一项任务时，就做上记号。C选项“这样会给你成功感”，与上句话能很好地衔接,故选Co【37题详解】 根据这一段

41、的标题“Break large tasks up into small ones.”可知，这个建议是把大的任何分成几个小的。空前“If a project looks too big，如果一个项目看起来太大,肯定就会打消你做它的积极性,D选项“这会使你望 而却步”符合语境，故选D。【38题详解】 根据下文的介绍 uIf your workplace is full of distractions （使人分心的事），yoiTll need to make some changes.You may need to remove your phone or TV from your workplac

42、e. If people often stop by for a talk, you may need to move to a different place.”可知,这个建议是让我们不要分心，不要受其他人的影响,这是从工作环境方面 给我们的建议。B选项“改变工作环境”符合语境，故选B。【39题详解】 根据语境 “Work on it for only five minutes. Then decide whether or not to continue.v 可知，这个建议是让我们 先做五分钟，再决定是否继续做下去。空前Surprisingly, once yoiTve begun.”说“

43、令人吃惊的是，一旦你 开始了 ”，后面应该是“你就会继续做下去”，E选项符合语境,故选E。第四节阅读表达阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。Jiaozi, also known as Chinese dumplings, is a must-have during holidays in Northern China. It dates back to ancient times.Jiaozi is one of the most important foods in Chinese New Year. Since jiaozi is in the shape of ancient Ch

44、inese gold or silver ingots （银锭）,it symbolizes wealth （象征着贝才富）.Traditionally, the members of a family get together to make dumplings on New Years Eve. They may hide a coin in one of the dumplings. The person who finds the coin will be likely to have good luck. As the Spring Festival marks the start

45、of a new year, people choose to eat jiaozi in the hope of having a good future in the coming new year.Based on your taste, you can make different kinds of Chinese dumplings using different fillings. There is no set rule as to what makes dumpling fillings. They can be anything from vegetables, meat o

46、r seafood. Whatever the fillings are, the wrapping （包）skill needs to be exquisite （精美的）to make jiaozi good-looking.As China is a country with a vast territory （幅员辽阔），there are differences in different areas in ways of making jiaozi or even serving it. For example, dumpling wrappers are made with a r

47、olling stick in Beijing and Hebei province, while in some parts of Inner Mongolia, wrappers are hand-pressed.40. When did Chinese people probably begin to have jiaozi?41. What does jiaozi symbolize?42. Why do people choose to eat jiaozi on New Years Eve?43. Do people need to follow set rules to make

48、 dumpling fillings?44. How are dumpling wrappers made in some parts of Inner Mongolia?参考答案40. In ancient times.41. It symbolizes wealth.42. In the hope of having a good future in the coming new year. / Because they hope to have a good future in the coming new year.43. No. 44. Wrappers are hand-pressed.【解析】饺子是中国人的传统美食,这篇短文给我们讲述了中国人吃饺子的风俗，以及不同地方饺子的制作方法以及 吃饺子的方式的不同。【40题详解】根据短文第一段“It dates back to ancient times.可知，饺子可以追溯到古代的时候。故参考答案为In an