备战2023年高考英语重难题型高分攻略04 介词（教师版）.docx

《备战2023年高考英语重难题型高分攻略04 介词（教师版）.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《备战2023年高考英语重难题型高分攻略04 介词（教师版）.docx（19页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、备曲2023高考语沫之介词考点目录内容板块一基础知识解析板块二单句语法填空板块三篇章语法填空一：基础知识解析1：考点归纳介词在英语中比较活跃，在高考中，对介词的考查主要集中在语法填空和短文改错题型中，考查点为 常见介词如，from,to, on, in, with, by, at, of, on等等的基本用法上。语法填空中介词的考查形式为非提示词 型，短文改错中介词的考查包括介词的误用以及多词少词。预计2023年高考对介词的考查将不再局限于 单个介词，将会更加注重对介词基本用法和固定搭配中的介词的考查。2：知识详解表示的概念介词（短语）区另U例时间in on atat在一个时间点上；in在一段

2、的时间之内； on在具体日子。at 8 oclock, at noonin the 1990s, in January(3)on Monday, on a warm morningsince fromsince指从过去到现在的 一段时间，和完成时连 用；from指从时间的某一点 开始。We have not seen each other since 1995.I hope to do morning exercises from today.in, afterin指在一段时间之后，也 可以指一段时间之内 =within；after表示某一具体时间 点之后或用在过去时的 一段时间中。 Well

3、 be back in three days.After seven the rain began to fall.What shall we do after graduation?in the end at the end of by the end ofin the end 作”最后、 终于”解，单独作句子成 分，后不接介词of； at the end of表示在末梢“，”到尽头”， 既可指时间，也可以指地In the end they reached a place of safety. At the end of the road stands a beautiful garden.

4、They decided to have an English evening at the end of this week.Passage AInspired by Chinese jade ornaments (玉制品)，the medals of the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games were announced 1(official) on Oct. 26, 2021, 100 days ahead of the opening of the sporting event. Aftermonths of expectation and secre

5、cy, the organizing committee of the Beijing 2022 Games introduced the medals 一 named tong xin,2 means togetherness - during a ceremony 3(mark) the countdown to theopening of the event on February 4th.The medals shave carvings of the Olympic rings 4 one side and are car/ed with the words “XXIVOlympic

6、 Winter Games Beijing 2022”. The concentric rings around the center represent the pursuit of unity5 harmony, while echoing the Olympic values of solidarity, inclusiveness and promoting peace. Theother side of the medals has the Beijing 2022 emblem (徽章)at the center.Engravings (版画)of cloud patterns,

7、an element 6(use) on the torch of the 2008 Beijing SummerOlympics, snowflakes and ice markings fill the outer rings. The outer rings 7(decorate) with 24 starsstrung together by circles, representing the 24th edition of the Winter Olympics. Visually, it looks quite simple and plain at first glance, w

8、hile 8(detail) such as the carving of clouds and snowflake patterns as well as theuneven casting on the surface have made it special.Designers9 9(inspire) from jade fbr a second time honors the Chinese capitals unique statusthefirst city 10(host) both the Summer and Winter Olympics.解析L officially考查副

9、词。句意：受中国玉器的启发，北京2022届冬奥会奖牌于2021年10月26 日正式宣布，离体育赛事开幕前还有100天。副词of行cially作状语，修饰动词announce。故填officially。2. which考查定语从句关系词。句意：经过数月的期待和保密，北京2022年奥运会组委会在2月4 日的开幕倒计时仪式上推出了这些奖牌，名为同心，意思是团结。此处是非限制性定语从句 2 means togetherness,先行词是tong xin,指物，在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。that不能引导非限 制性定语从句。故填which。3. marking考查现在分词。主句已有谓语intr

10、oduced且无连词，动词mark用非谓语动词形式，逻 辑主语a ceremony与动词mark是主谓关系，用现在分词(doing)表主动，作a ceremony的后置定语。 故填 marking o4. on考查固定搭配。句意：奖牌的一面刻着奥林匹克五环，上面刻着“2022年北京冬奥会”字样。 固定搭配on one side (一边、在一边、一面)。故填on。5. and考查连词。句意：围绕中心的同心环代表着对团结与和谐的追求，同时呼应了团结、包容和 促进和平的奥林匹克价值观。名词unity和名词harmony是并列关系，用并列连词and。故填and。6. used考查过去分词。句意：200

11、8年北京夏季奥运会火炬上使用的云纹元素的雕刻，雪花和冰纹填 满了外圈。本句已有谓语fill且无连词，动词use用非谓语动词形式，逻辑主语an element与动词use是 动宾关系，用过去分词表被动，作an element的后置定语。故填used。7. are decorated考查时态和语态。句意：外圈由24颗星星组成，用圆圈串在一起，代表第24届冬 奥会。此处缺少谓语，讲述客观事实，主语The outer rings和谓语动词decorate是被动关系，用一般现 在时的被动语态，主语The outer rings是复数，谓语用复数形式。故填are decoratedo8. details考

12、查名词的数。句意：乍一看，它在视觉上看起来非常简单朴素，而云纹雕刻和雪花图案 的雕刻以及表面不均匀的铸造等细节使它显得特别。detail是可数名词，结合下文such as the carving of clouds and snowflake patterns as well as the uneven casting on the surface 可知，不止一个细节，用名词复 数形式作主语。故填details。9. inspiration考查名词。句意：设计师们第二次从玉制品身上汲取灵感，以表彰中国首都的独特地 位第一个举办夏季和冬季奥运会的城市。由名词所有格Designers可知，此处用抽

13、象名词inspiration作主语。故填inspiration o10. to host考查动词不定式。the +序数词+ (名词)+to do sth.(第几个做某事的人/物)，host使用动 词不定式作名词city的后置定语。故填to hostoPassage BShennongjia is a household name in China because ifs the home of the legendary wild man”. Its folk tale spans the generations.Between 1976 and 1981, the Chinese Acade

14、my of Sciences organized three large scale 1 (science)investigations. They have collected hair, footprints and waste suspected of belonging 2 a wild man”,but some experts argue that most were the result of bears, monkeys or even human beings. They failed 3(uncover) the myth of wild man, but discover

15、ed the areas rich biodiversity. Although several hundred people have claimed 4 (they) as eyewitnesses of some giant apelike creatures in Shennongjia, there is no tangible evidence to confirm the 5(exist) of a wild man”.Nowadays, Shennongjia attraction is not merely about wild man”. Its appeal 6(be)

16、more aboutits lively ecology, rich biodiversity and karst landforms. Shennongjia beauty varies over the year as nature7(take) its course. Tourists can enjoy flower blossoms in spring, be shaded from the summer heat, appreciate red leaves in autumn 8 go skiing in winter.The “wild man“ legend has been

17、 passed on fbr generations by word-of- mouth. In 2016, the legend of wild man“ in Shennongjia 9(add) to Hubei provinces intangible cultural heritage list. Today, tourists canvisit Wild Man Cave,10 eyewitnesses claimed that they spotted the creatures, and see wild man”sculptures.解析：L scientific考查形容词。

18、句意：1976年至1981年间，中国科学院组织了三次大规模的科学 调查。分析句子，该空需要一个形容词作定语修饰名词investigations,所给词science为名词，其形容词 形式为 scientific。故填 scientific。2. to考查介词。句意：他们收集了怀疑属于“野人”的头发、脚印和垃圾，但一些专家认为，大多 数是熊、猴子甚至人类的产物。固定短语belong to意为“属于，符合语境。故填to。3. to uncover考查动词。句意：他们没能揭开“野人”的神秘面纱，却发现了该地区丰富的生物多 样性。固定短语fail to do表示“没能做成某事，符合语境，所给动词unc

19、over应使用动词不定式形式作 fail的宾语。故填to uncovero4. themselves考查代词。句意：尽管数百人声称自己在神农架亲眼目睹了一些巨大的类人猿生物， 但并没有确凿的证据来证实“野人”的存在。该句中使用了短语claim-as,该空应该是claim的宾语， 并且指代主语several hundred people,宾语与主语相同时，宾语应使用反身代词；所给人称代词主格they, 其反身代词为themselves o故填themselves o5. existence考查名词。分析句子，该空应填名词作confirm的宾语，所给词exist为动词，其名词拼 写为 existe

20、nce o 故填 existence o6. is考查时态及主谓一致。句意：它的吸引力更多地体现在生动的生态、丰富的生物多样性和喀斯 特地貌。该空所给动词be在句中作谓语，描述的是一般性事实，应使用一般现在时，主语appeal为不可 数名词，谓语动词应使用单数形式。故填is。7. takes考查时态及主谓一致。句意：如今，神农架的吸引力已不仅仅是“野人”，随着自然的变化, 神农架的美丽一年又一年。所给动词take在as引导的时间状语从句中作谓语，叙述大自然的变化应使用 一般现在时，主语nature为不可数名词，谓语动词应使用单数形式。故填takes。8. and考查连词。句意：游客可以在春天欣

21、赏鲜花盛开，在夏天的炎热中乘凉，在秋天欣赏红叶， 在冬天滑雪。该句列举了四个在神农架游客可以做的事情，四个动词短语enjoy, be shaded from, appreciate 和go skiing为并列关系，应填and。故填and。9. was added考查时态语态。句意：“野人”传说代代相传，2016年，神农架“野人”传说被列入湖 北省非物质文化遗产名录。该空所给动词add在句中作谓语，主语legend与add为被动关系，应该是有 关工作人员把这个传说列在了名录里，应使用被动语态；时间状语In 2016,应使用一般过去时。故填was addedo10. where考查定语从句。句意：

22、如今，游客可以参观野人洞，那是目击者声称他们看到这种生物的 地方，还可以看到“野人”雕塑。该空需要一个关系副词where引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Wild Man Cave,并指代先行词在定语从句作地点状语。故填whereoPassage CPresident Xi Jinping announced the countrys goal to make carbon dioxide emissions (排放)reach the highest point before 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality (碳中和)before 2060. Thus,

23、active 41 (measure) will betaken by China, such as expanding grasslands and forests. In the next five years, forest coverage and grassland in China will be 42 a higher level.“We will further promote a much 43(green) project in the country and encourage people nationwide toplant more trees,“ an offic

24、ial said.44(survey) by the National Forestry Administration (国家林业局)，there are 45(possible) 220 million hectares of forest in China. China will build a conservation system on itsnature reserves, protecting 46(variety) natural resources and keep 47 strong attitude toward illegalactivities that will ha

25、rm nature/9 the official said.In March, the administration released a report 48(show) that forest carbon storage in China was about9.18 billion metric tons last year, 49 achieved the countrys commitment (承诺)to the international community.China 50(promote) its own approach to climate governance that

26、highlights green recovery so far.The forestry department will play to our advantage and strengthen our commitment to climate change.解析：41. measures 42. at 43. greener 44. Surveyed 45. possibly 46. various47. a48. showing 49. which 50. has promoted41 .考查名词的数。句意：因此，中国将采取积极措施，如扩大草原和森林。分析可知本处是指采取 各种措施，用

27、复数名词measures,用take measures,故填measureso42 .考查介词短语。句意：今后五年，中国的森林覆盖率和草地覆盖率都将在一个更高层次。at a higher level是固定介词短语，译为“在一个更高层次”，故填at。43 .考查形容词比较级。句意：“我们将进一步在全国推广一个更加绿色的项目，并鼓励全国人民种更 多的树,” 一位官员说。分析句子可知，本处表述的是鼓励人们种植更多的树，进一步推广更加绿色的项 目，much修饰比较级，故用形容词green的比较级作定语，故填greener。44 .考查非谓语动词。句意：根据国家林业局的调查，中国大约有22亿公顷的森林。

28、本句已有系动词 are且无连词，空处用非谓语动词；主语是被调查的中国森林面积的情况，与非谓语动词survey之间是被 动关系，故用survey的过去分词形式作状语；句首单词首字母用大写，故填Surveyed。45 .考查副词。句意：根据国家林业局的调查，中国大约有2.2亿公顷的森林。分析可知空处是副词 possibly作状语，修饰数词2000公顷(森林)，根据英文提示，故填possibly。46 .考查形容词。句意：“中国将建立自然保护区保护体系，保护各种自然资源，并对危害自然的非法 活动保持强硬态度，”该官员表示。分析可知空处是形容词various作定语，修饰名词resources,故填 v

29、arious o47 .考查冠词。句意：“中国将建立自然保护区的保护体系，保护各种自然资源，并对危害自然的非法 活动保持一个强硬态度，”该官员表示。分析句子可知，此处泛指“一个强硬的态度”，strong以辅音音素 开头，用不定冠词a表示泛指，故填a。48 .考查非谓语动词。句意：今年3月，政府发布的一份报告显示，去年中国的森林碳储量约为91.8 亿公吨，这实现了中国对国际社会的承诺。本句已有谓语released且无连词，空处用非谓语动词；逻辑主 语report与非谓语动词show之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语，故填showing。49 .考查定语从句。句意：今年3月，政府发布的一份报告

30、显示，去年中国的森林碳储量约为9L8亿 公吨，这实现了中国对国际社会的承诺。本处是非限定性定语从句，空处是关系词，在从句中作主语，指 代前面整个主句，用which,故填which。50 .考查时态。句意：迄今为止，中国一直在推广自己的气候管理方法，强调绿色复苏。由so far可知 本处的行为是从过去某一时刻开始到现在一直都存在的，应用现在完成时；由China可知谓语用单数形式, 故填 has promoted oPassage DWorld Book and Copyright Day is a celebration to promote the 36(enjoy)of books and

31、reading. Eachyear, on 23 April, celebrations take place all over the world to recognize different types of books-a link between the past and the future, a bridge between generations and across cultures.51 April is a 37(symbol)date in world literature. It is the date on 38 several prominent authors,W

32、illiam Shakespeare, Miguel de Cervantes, and Inca Garcilaso de la Vega all 39(die). This date was anatural choice fbr UNESCOs General Conference,40(hold)in Paris in 1995, to pay a worldwide tribute to books and authors on this date, encouraging everyone to access books.Books have long embodied(体现)th

33、e human capacity to conjure up(使在脑海中显现)worlds, both real and imagined,41(give)voice to the diversity of human experience. They help us share ideas, obtain information, and inspire admiration 42 different cultures, enabling far-reaching forms of dialogue between people acrossspace and time.Storytelli

34、ng is 43 incredibly effective tool 44 it comes to educating younger generations. Indeed,books are vital vehicles to access, transmit and promote education, science, culture, and information worldwide. On World Book and Copyright Day, we celebrate their captivating (迷人的)power 45 (spark)innovation,gen

35、erate knowledge and change minds.解析：36. enjoyment 37. symbolic 38. which 39. died 40. held 41. giving42. for43. an 44. when 45. to spark36 .考查名词。句意：世界图书和版权日是一个促进图书享受和阅读的庆祝活动。分析句子，设空处 应该填写enjoy的名词enjoyment作宾语，其意为“享受”是不可数名词。故填enjoymento37 .考查形容词。句意：4月23日在世界文学中是一个具有象征意义的日子。分析句子，设空处应该 使用symbol的形容词symbol

36、ic作定语。故填symbolico38 .考查定语从句。句意：这一天是几位著名作家威廉莎士比亚、米格尔德塞万提斯和印加加 尔西拉索德拉维加去世的日子。分析句子，设空处与前面介词构成介词加关系代词引导定语从句，引导 词在从句作宾语，修饰前面的先行词date,为物。故填which。39 .考查动词。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处应该填写动词作谓语，句子表述的是过去事实，故使 用一般过去时。故填died。40 .考查非谓语动词。句意：这一天是1995年在巴黎举行的教科文组织大会的自然选择，以在这一天 向全世界的书籍和作者致敬，鼓励每个人都能获得书籍。分析句子，句中was为谓语动词，设空处使用非 谓语动

37、词。此处UNESCO s General Conference与hold之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词作定语。故填 heldo41 .考查非谓语动词。句意：长久以来，书籍体现了人类创造现实和想象世界的能力，表达了人类经 验的多样性。分析句子，句中have embodied为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词。此处表示伴随且books 与give之间是主动关系，故使用现在分词。故填giving。42 .考查介词。句意：它们帮助我们分享思想，获取信息，激发人们对不同文化的钦佩，使跨越时空 的人们能够进行意义深远的对话。句中admiration for sth为固定短语，意为“对钦佩”。故填for。43

38、 .考查冠词。句意：当提到教育年轻一代时，讲故事是一种非常有效的工具。句中an incredibly effective tool意为“一种非常有效的工具”，tool为可数名词，此处表示泛指。incredibly首字母为元音音 素。故填an。44 .考查连词。句意：同上。句中when it comes to sth为固定句型，意为“当提及的时候“，此处when引导时间状语从句。故填wheno45 .考查非谓语动词。句意：值此世界图书和版权日，我们颂扬图书激发创新、产生知识和改变思想 的迷人力量。分析句子，句中celebrate为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，此处作目的状语，应使用 动词不定式

39、。故填to spark。Passage EFood and Eating HabitsThroughout Chinas history, eating habits have been influenced by many factors such as geography, religion, society and economy. As 36 result, food and eating habits are not only indicative of the social status, but characteristic of one group, differing in

40、regions,37(family), peoples or religions to some extent.The Chinese diet 38(emphasize) rice and grains, followed by fruits, vegetables, nuts and seeds. Food39(make) of wheat flour is the staple (主食)for people living in the north, while rice is the main staple in the south.Chinese people also have a

41、habit of 40(consume)green tea, and plant-based alcoholic beverages (饮M) such as rice wine, beer and grain liquor moderately. The typical Chinese alcoholic beverage is baijiu,41 is made from various grains.42(additional), Chinese people like to drink hot water or teawith their meals since hot water i

42、s helpful for 43(digest) according to traditional Chinese medicine.Nowadays, Chinese people like to eat out with relatives and friends during weekends or festivals. A typical meal starts 44 some cold dishes, like boiled peanuts and smashed cucumber with garlic, followed by themain courses, including

43、 hot meat and vegetable dishes. Finally, soup 45(bring) onto the table, followed by the staple food, rice, noodles, or sometimes dumplings.解析：36. a 37. families 38. emphasizes 39. made 40. consuming41. which 42. Additionally 43. digestion 44. with 45. is brought1 .考查固定短语和冠词。句意：因此，食物和饮食习惯不仅表明了社会地位，而且

44、是一个群体的特征, 在一定程度上因地区、家庭、民族或宗教而不同。as a result是固定短语。故填a。2 .考查名词。句意同上。根据空格前面的“regions”以及空格后面的“peoples or religions”可知，空 格与前面的名词和后面的名词是并列关系，都是复数形式，作介词宾语。故填families。3 .考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：中国人的饮食突出大米和谷物，其次是水果、蔬菜、坚果和种子。 句子主语是The Chinese diet,第三人称单数，讲述客观事实用一般现在时。故填emphasizeso4 .考查过去分词。句意：由面粉制成的食物是北方人的主食，而大米是南方人的主

45、要主食。本句已有 谓语动词is,空格处与is没有连词连接，所以空格处应该填非谓语动词，food和make之间是被动关系， 用过去分词作定语。故填made。5 .考查动名词。句意：中国人也有喝绿茶的习惯，以及植物性酒精饮料，如米酒、啤酒和谷物酒。所 给的词位于介词of之后，用动名词作宾语。故填consuming。6 .考查定语从句。句意：典型的中国酒精饮料是白酒，由各种谷物制成。此处是一个非限制性定语从 句，从句缺主语，先行词指物。故填which。7 .考查副词。句意：另外，中国人喜欢在吃饭时喝热水或茶，因为根据中医，热水有助于消化。此 处作状语修饰整个句子，应用副词。故填Additionall

46、y。8 .考查名词。句意：另外，中国人喜欢在吃饭时喝热水或茶，因为根据中医，热水有助于消化。空 格处作宾语，需用名词digestion,不可数名词。故填digestion。9 .考查固定短语。句意：一顿典型的饭开始吃一些冷菜，比如煮花生和大蒜拌黄瓜，然后是主菜，包 括热肉和蔬菜。start with以开始。故填with。10 .考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：最后，汤被端上桌，接着是主食，米饭、面条，有时还有 饺子。句子缺谓语动词，讲述事实用一般现在时，主语food与谓语动词bring之间是被动关系，主语是单 数名词。故填is brought。Passage FIn the main cul

47、tural venue of Jiaxing citys Xiuzhou District, Zhejiang Province, a few elderly women are using their imagination and some bright colors 56(paint) the wonderful scenes of life in Jiangnan, or “south ofthe Yangtze River”. They are members of a former-painter group known 57 the Ten Sisters，formed in20

48、09. The group has 12 rural residents, the oldest of 58 is 76 years old and the youngest 61.In fact, the group didnt start out from painting. As dancing enthusiasts, the farmers went to the district s cultural venue to participate in activities. In 2009, they 59(ask) whether they would like to learn paintingby an institution. 6CAt first, we all thought we couldnt make 60. I, for one, was uneducated/9 Dong Aina,one of the members, recalls. “But under the guidance of our instructors, I grew more and more at