2022虹口区高三一模英语试卷.docx

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1、2022虹口区高三一模英语试卷（考试时间120分钟，满分140分。请将答案填写在答题纸上）L Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only

2、once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Colleagues.B. Classmates.C. Mother and son.D. Employer and employee.2. A. She is not feeling very well today.B. Sh

3、e thinks that the weather is pleasant.C. She has been staying up quite late recently.D. She has been working hard for too long a time.3. A. Lucy is not happy with the ban on pet animals.B. Lucy might as well send her dog to her relative.C. Lucy wont be able to keep a dog in the building.D. Lucy shou

4、ld get rid of her pet as soon as possible.4. A. He is likely to help.B. He has already asked for help.C. He was the last one to use the computer.D. He does not know a lot about computers.5. A. He will continue to work in the garden himself.B. They should finish the work as soon as possible.C. He is

5、tired of doing gardening on weekends.D. They can hire a gardener to do the work.6. A. They will raise the issue in their presentation.B. They will find more relevant information for their work.C. They will make use of whatever information is available.D. They will put more efforts into preparing for

6、 the presentation.7. A. He did not take the symptoms of his illness seriously.8. He was not aware of his illness until diagnosed with it.9. He is anxious to find a cure for his high blood pressure.10. He doesnt think high blood pressure is a problem for him.8. A. Dr. Johnson may not be a good choice

7、.B. Dr. Johnsons waiting room is not tidy.C. Dr. Johnson enjoys reading magazines.D. Dr. Johnson is really a good dentist.9. A. It isnt a good idea to buy the T-shirt.8. The printing on her T-shirt has faded. Remain seated with your head firmly against the headrest. Keep hands and feet inside the ve

8、hicle. Hold onto shoulder restraints at all times. No Photography or Video Recording. Maximum capacity 4 persons. Keep safely all loose articles （phones, hats, glasses, video-recording equipment, cameras, wallets, keys, etc.） in the lockers provided or leave with a non-rider. No eating, drinking, or

9、 smoking.60. In the passage, the underlined word aerobatics is closest in meaning to ”A. violent movementsB. plunging activitiesC. increasing ridesD. rapid actionsWhat is a proper behavior during rides according to the given information?A. Guests must keep cameras inside their pockets or bags.B. Chi

10、ldren who are under a certain age are not allowed on this ride.C. People with prosthetic limbs should remove them before the ride so as not to lose them.D. People with visual sickness need to keep their guide dogs with them all the way through the ride.61. Where would this page most probably be foun

11、d on the Universal Studio homepage?A. Guest ServicesB. About UsC. Things to Do D. Plan Your Visit（C）Fewer than 400 North Atlantic right whales remain in the wild, and not even 100 of them are breeding females. Their biggest survival threats are boat strikes and getting caught in fishing gear. Protec

12、ting these whales, such as by turning boats from dangerous encounters, requires positioning them more reliably and new technology, described in the Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, could help make that possible.To listen for marine life, researchers often install underwater microphones

13、called hydrophones on buoys （浮标）and robotic gliders （滑翔机）.The recorded audio is changed into spectrograms - visual representations of sound used to precisely recognize, for instance, specific whale species calls. But those distinctive sounds are often drowned out by other noise. In recent years rese

14、archers have used a machine-learning technique called deep learning to automate this analysis, but background sounds still block reliability.Now researchers have trained two deep-learning models specifically to cut through the noise. They started by giving the models thousands of clean“ spectrograms

15、 with only North Atlantic right whale calls. Then they slowly added in thousands of spectrograms mixed with typical background sounds, such as tanker engines. The program can successfully turn noisy spectrograms into clean ones, reducing false alarms and helping spot whales before they reach dangero

16、us areas, the scientists say.Shyam Madhusudhana, a Cornell University data engineer, who was not involved in the study, says he would want to see if such models could be used to locate other marine mammals （哺乳动物），too. Humpback whales and dolphins have much more complex speech pathways than the right

17、 whale J he notes. And University of East Anglia machine-learning researcher Ben Milner, one of the studys authors, wants to take this technology above water as well to Ukrainian forests, where he hopes to identify animals near the site of the 1986 Chernobyl disaster.few, he adds, could lead to exti

18、nction of the population.62. What does the new technology do to help protect the North Atlantic right whales?A. Locating the right whales precisely.B. Turning boats to encounter the right whales.C. Guiding the right whales away from fishing boats.D. Positioning fishing boats reliably and thus deadly

19、 strikes.63. What is a major contribution of deep-learning models to reducing background noises?A. They turn off the nearby alarms that may create background noises.B. They can eliminate disturbances shown on a spectrogram sheet.C. They add thousands of mixed sounds such as vehicle engines.D. They c

20、an prevent whales from reaching dangerous areas.64. It can be learned from the passage that.A. Shyam and Ben are both scientists at different universities who know each other wellB. all of the three scientists consider the extended use of the technology could face challengesC. Shyam and Ben both hop

21、e that the deep learning model can go beyond its current applicationD. Peter thinks the technology should have been used to figure out where its hard to see the whales 66. Which one of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Latest Techs on Marine LifesavingB. Save the Right Whale by

22、 Noise-cuttingC. See Whales Noise through Human9s EyesD. Non-professional Scientists5 Role in Saving Whales难度等63.考察组r节题。定位到对第一段第2-3句话的理解。第2句话说明：这些鲸鱼最大的生存威胁 是被船只撞击和被渔具缠住。第3句话说明：现在有一项新的技术可以更可靠地定位鲸鱼，让 船只远离危险区域，不去撞击它们，这样就可以保护鲸鱼。故选择A。文本中的 positioning在选项A里改为了 locating都是定位的意思。B、D都不是保护鲸鱼，C是引导鲸 鱼远离船只。64.考察细节

23、题。定位到第三段。本题是对这项技术如何减少背景噪音提供“干净”光谱图的具体 介绍。关键在第4句：该项目可以成功地将嘈杂的光谱图转换为干净的光谱图，减少误报， 并在鲸鱼到达危险区域之前帮助定位它们。B选项的eliminate disturbances shown on a spectrogram sheet “消除光谱图上显示的干扰“符合第4句。故选择B。C选项表示的是为了消 除噪音而需要做的步骤。A选项的turn off the nearby alarms不符合文中的reducing false alarms D选项不符合文意。65.考察推断题。选项A：在第4段说明Shyam and Ben是

24、不同大学的科学家但没有说明他们两 个是彼此很熟悉的。选项B：这三位科学家并不是每个人都认为该技术的长期使用可能面临 挑战。只有最后一段Peter提出来担忧。选项D ：在第5段Peter建议这个新系统应该被用来 找出全年鲸鱼在何处，而不是选项中“最难看到鲸鱼的地方”。在第4段Shyam and Ben都希 望这个技术可以应用到其他领域保护其他动物。故选择 Co66.选择最合适的题目就是考察全文主旨。本文是介绍了通过消除周围噪音，精准定位而保护北 大西洋露脊鲸的新技术。首先排除C、Do A选项中Marine这个词只出现在第4段科学家对 这个技术后续广泛应用的展望中，故不能选。选项B符合全文主旨。词

25、语积累survival threats 生存威胁get caught in 陷入dangerous encounters 危险遭遇drown out淹没（声音）automate this analysis自动执行此分析cut through the noise 消除噪音figure out弄清楚in terms of 依据Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used onl

26、y once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. Type 2 is far more common, accounting for more than 90% of cases worldwide.B. However, urban residents are becoming more willing to exercise, with gyms and yoga classes on the rise.C. China has an estimated 116 million diabetics, by far

27、 the highest number of any country.D. About 11% of Chinese adults now have the condition, nearly the proportion in America and twice the level in Britain.E. The other type, though more commonly diagnosed, is not relatively dangerous.F. City inhabitants tend to be less physically active than people i

28、n rural areas.As China Puts on Weight, Type-2 DiabetesIs Rapidly RisingMore than 30 years ago, doctors in the northern city of Daqing began a pioneering long-term study into the prevention of type-2 diabetes, a disease which was then thought to affect about 1% of Chinese. When doctors, academics and

29、 officials gathered there this autumn to discuss the conclusions and promote prevention work, they faced a very different reality. (67)Type-2 diabetes is becoming more common globally, but in recent years the rate of the disease has been growing fastest in China.Diabetes is a disfunction in the body

30、s regulation of blood-sugar levels. Type 1 is rare and usually shows up early in life, caused by factors that are not yet well understood. It can kill swiftly unless managed with daily injections of insulin (胰岛 素).(68)It tends to develop in adults, especially if they are overweight or do not exercis

31、e much. It can usually be controlled with pills and lifestyle changes, and can sometimes be reversed. Both types, if not well-treated, can cause complications such as organ damage, blindness, strokes and heart attacks.(69)Twenty years ago, it had fewer than 25 million. The dramatic increase, almost

32、entirely involving type 2s, worries the government. The study in Daqing showed how lifestyle changes can prevent type 2 among people with damagedThere may be a genetic link, too. Research finds that ethnic-Han Chinese are acquiring type 2 diabetes while younger and thinner than Caucasians. Smoking i

33、s another factor. China has one-fifth of the worlds population but consumes one-third of its cigarettes, and most of the daily smokers are men.难度等67考察段中逻辑。第一段是关于30年来患糖尿病人比例上涨的情况描述，从对比30 年前医生认为有1%的人患糖尿病到今年秋天事实和医生的认知不符可知患者比例 上涨；且后文中国与他国在这一问题上的对比，说明这是世界性的病症，而中国患 者数量在增长较快，故选Do68考察段中逻辑。本段主要讲述的是糖尿病是什么。Typ

34、e 1 is rare and usually shows up early in life, caused by . injections of insulin”说了 1 型糖尿病的特征，通常较早发病，后 文“It tends to develop in adults, especially if they are overweight or do not exercise much.是另一种 糖尿的特征，因为它发病期为成年期，判断这是2型糖尿病的特征；根据本段最后 1型和2型糖尿病在得不到较好的治疗时都会导致并发症可知，2型糖尿病具有危 险性，排除E选项，本题选Ao69考察段首推断。根据后

35、文20年前低于2500万的患者数量，以及后文的 dramatic increase可知，本题是现在的患者数量，故选C。70考察段尾逻辑。本段在分析2型糖尿病的成因之一：生活生平提高以及城市人口增 长使得很多人更少的参与到体力活动中，故本题选Fo词语积累diabetes n.糖尿病a pioneering long-term study 开创性的长期研究disfunction n.功能障碍promote prevention work 促进预防工作injection n.注射processed foods深加工食品complications n.并发症IV. Summary WritingDir

36、ections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Is Student-Ioan Forgiveness Unforgivable?Roughly 45 million Americans currently hold $1.6 trillion in student debt, with the average stude

37、nt-loan receiver owing between $20,000 and $25,000, according to the Federal Reserve. Among those actively making payments on their debt, the average monthly installment is between $200 and $300. And with 5.3 million more people unemployed than in February, right before the U.S. fell into the econom

38、ic depression caused by pandemic （流行病）,some people say that student-debt forgiveness could be beneficial to the economy.Student-debt cancellation feels like one of the most accessible executive actions to stimulate the economy at the moment J says Suzanne Kahn, director of the Education. Kahn says t

39、he move would also help close the wealth gap between white Americans and people of color. Some 90% of Black students and 72% of Latino students take out loans fbr college versus just 66% of white students, according to an analysis from the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau.But others argue that s

40、weeping student-loan forgiveness doesnt help the people who need aid most. Americans with college degrees, as a whole, have been less influenced by the economic effects of COVID-19 than their non-college-educated counterparts. Besides, they raise concerns that if the government wipes out current stu

41、dent loans, future college students may have a motivator to take on debts, hoping they will also be forgiven. Colleges may in turn tend to raise their prices further.Whats clear, according to the both sides of the aisle （过道）,is that economic crises worsen the problem of student debt. The last time t

42、he U.S. dipped into a recession, state governments cut their investments in colleges and universities-which, in turn, raised their tuition prices and forced students to take on ever larger loans.In recent weeks, the government has walked a fine line on the issue, offering support for a bill calling

43、for $10,000 worth of student-loan forgiveness but turning down anything close to a plan to issue $50,000 per borrower through executive action.Thats not sustainable in the long run. It remains to be seen if the government can arrive at a political solution that is.难度等本篇第一段交代学生贷款现状及由新冠引发的经济萧条，引出一些人支持

44、减免学生贷款。第二段 论证支持减免学生贷款的2点理由。第三段论述另一些人反对减免学生贷款及其2点理由。第三 段指出经济危机造成学生贷款问题恶化。第五段说明政府为此所做的努力。第六段是作者对政府 努力的评价。内容要点：1 .背景及论点：由新冠引发的经济衰退，导致学生贷款问题恶化，人们对学生债务减免持不同的 态度。2 .支持的原因：有助于刺激经济和缩小贫富差距。3 .反对的原因：不能帮助那些最需要帮助的人，并显示出对开创先例的担忧。4政府的努力及对此评价。参考答案With the problem of student loan worsened by pandemic-induced recess

45、ion, people hold diverse attitudes towards student-debt forgiveness.Some argue it serves to stimulate economy and bridge the wealth gap while others maintain it cant help those most in need and show the concern about setting the precedent.Despite the efforts made by the government, a sustainable sol

46、ution hasnt been reached. （60 words）词语积累student-loan forgiveness 学生贷款减免the average monthly installment 平均每月分期付款counterpart n.职位/作用相当的人，对应的事物wipe out student loans 勾销学生贷款motivator n.促进因素,动力dip into a recession 陷入衰退take on debts承担债务walk a fine line如履薄冰，走钢丝Directions: Write an English composition in 12

47、0-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假定你是明启中学的学生李华，你校交换生Allen打算在圣诞节为他的父母各送一件具有典型中国文化特 色的礼物。他初步选出了四件礼物：旗袍(cheongsam)、紫砂茶具(purple clay tea set)、丝绸围巾(silk scar。、书画折 扇(calligraphy and painting folding fan),现在发邮件向你咨询。请你给他写封邮件，谈谈你的意见。内容包括：1 .为他父母分别推荐的一件礼物；.推荐这两件礼物的理由；2 .对Allen父

48、母的问候。注意：作文中不得出现你本人的姓名、班级和学校等真实信息。2022虹口区高三一模英语试卷参考答案及评分标准I. Listening Comprehension1-5CDCDA 6-10CBAAB 11-13 DDA 14-16 CBB 17-20 CDBAII. Grammar21. as 22. though / although 23. have come 24. releasing 25. To simplify26. reconstructed 27. that 28. of 29. does 30. itVocabulary31-40 FBDIC AKGJHReading41-55 ADBCA CCDBA DBACB56-59: CDBA 60-62: ABC 63-66: ABCB67-70: DACFSummary writingWith the problem of student loan worsened by pandemic-induced recession, people hold diverse attitudes towards student-debt forgiveness. Some