2023届高三英语备考专题复习：英语省略句 讲义.docx

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1、2023届高三英语备考专题复习：英语省略句讲义lead-in:conversation one:A:How are you feeling, now?B: r m hugry.A:Are you?B:Yeah, Didnt have lunch today.A:Want some sandwiches?B:Are there any?A:Yeah. Just made some.省略的作用1 .省去已知信息以突出新信息或主要信息，避免重复的，使句子意思更加明确。2 .保持语篇的衔接与连贯，使得句子更加紧凑。简单句的省略可省略主语、谓语或谓语的一部分、宾语等，有时甚至同时省略若干成分。如：1.

2、(You) Hand me the book over there.2. (Is) Anybody against the suggestion?3. 一What do you think made David sohappy?Passing his driving test (made himhappy).并列句中的省略在并列句中，如果后面的分句与前面的分句中有相同的成分，则该成分常被省略，以 避免重复。如：1.I work in a factory and my sister (works) on a farm.2. She can，t speak French and I cant (s

3、peak French) either.复合句中的省略.宾语从句中的省略在宾语从句中，连词that 一般可以省略don,tbelieve (that) Mike has joined the army.1 .Lisa told me (that) she was ill.定语从句中的省略(省略1)在限制性定语从句中，作宾语的关系代词that, which, whom, who等常可以省略。如：1 .That is the film (which / that) we watched last week.从句we watched (sth)缺了宾语，所以这里的引导词which/that在从 句中

4、做宾语。2 .Tom isnt a man (whom / that / who) you can believe in.从句you can believe in (sb)缺了介词宾语，所以这里的引导词 who/that/whom在从句中做介词宾语。(省略2)在限制性定语从句中，关系代词that, which, who作主语，谓 语动词包含be系动词时，可以“引导词+be”一起省略。如：This is the place which is worth visiting.这个句子是定语从句，接着引导词which后面有be系动词，所以一起 省。变成：This is the place worth

5、visiting.聪明的小朋友你知道这些句子怎么省了吗：(l)The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.(2)Hangzhou is a beautiful city which is often called the Heaven of the Earth.(3)He is talking about the places that she have visited.提示：1 .这些句子都是定语从句吗？2 .引导词是关系代词(that/which/whon)还是关系副词 (when/where/why)?3 .如果是

6、关系代词，那它做主语还是宾语？4.做宾语的话后面有没有be系动词？状语从句中的省略当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致，谓语中又包含动词be时，可以 省略主语和动词beoWhile (I was) in Hangzhou, I paid a visitto the West Lake.前提：1.状语从句。2.主从句的主语一致。步骤：省去从句中的主语+be动词如： when i was reading a book, my mother came in.这个状语从句就不能省，聪明的小朋友你知道为什么吗？练习：这些句可不可以省？如何省？(l)He looked about as if he were

7、in search of something.他朝四下里看，好像在找什么东西。(2)While he was a student at BeijingUniversity, he dreamed of going abroad.当他在北京大学读书的时候，他梦想着出国o (3) Whether she is sick or well, she isalways cheerful.无论是生病还是健康，她总是高高兴兴的。(4)The computer is of no use unless it is repaired.注意：状语从句中作主语的代词it以及动词be也可以省略。如:Hand in the work tomorrow if (it is) possible.