浙江省2022年中考英语真题分类汇编：语法填空（短文类）.docx

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1、浙江省2022年中考英语真题分类汇编：语法填空(短文类) 一、语法填空(2022湖州)阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。Matt is a primary school student who loves playing with little animals. One day, when he was on _ 1 .( he ) way to school, he saw a homeless cat sitting in a box. It was a black-and-white cat with bright eyes. The cat wa

2、s so cute 2.Matt couldn*t help playing with it.The longer Matt played with 3.cat, the more he liked it. The little cat followed him as he left for school. Matt then decided 4.(take ) the cat to school with him. He put the cat in his schoolbag 5.went to school happily.After Matt entered the class, he

3、 told some 6. ( classmate ) about the cat. As he opened the schoolbag to show them the cat, it suddenly jumped out and 7.( start) running around the classroom. It even jumped onto the teachefs desk! Everyone in class was 8.( excited ) than ever before. Just at that time, the teacher came in and caug

4、ht the cat 9.( quick ). Matt felt embarrassed and his face turned red.To Matts surprise, the teacher came up to him 10.a smile, saying,n Matt, it*s nice of you to lend a helping hand to homeless animals, but you are not allowed to take it to school. *【答案】1. his； 2. that； 3. the； 4. to take； 5. and；

5、6. classmates； 7. started； 8. more excited； 9. quickly； 10. with【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文主要讲了马特帮助无家可归的动物的故事。【点评】考查语法填空。需要结合语境，根据所给单词，做必要的变形，同时熟记固定搭配和基本 句型。1 .句意：一天，当他在上学的路上，他看到一只无家可归的猫坐在一个盒子里。he他，主格代词， 根据固定搭配。nondswayto去的路上，可知这里形容词型的物主代词，he的形容词性的物主 代词为his,故答案为his。2 .句意:这只猫太可爱了，马特忍不住和它玩。so.that,如此以至于，固定搭配，故答案为

6、 thato3 .句意：马特和猫玩得越久，他就越喜欢它。根据上文he saw a homeless cat sitting in a box.可知 这里是第二次提到cat,上文提到的人或物，用定冠词。故答案为the。4 .句意：然后马特决定带着这只猫去学校。take,带走，动词，根据固定搭配，decide to do,决定the chemical to make a modern medicine - aspirin. Today, its one of the worlds 63,(cheap) and most helpful medicines.Some of the medicines

7、 we have today come 64 . traditional Chinese medicine. In the third century B.C., some people 65.(begin) studying the human body. They tried many different ways to treat the patients and recorded 66.(they) results. For more than 2, 000 years, doctors recorded 67 . they found in books. These ancient

8、books are still useful today. Tu Youyou, a Chinese medical researcher, found that in 68 . past, people used a herb with yellow flowers to treat fevers. After studying it, she developed a medicine that saved millions of people from dying.For 69 .(century), Western medicine paid little attention to tr

9、aditional Chinese medicine. But today, scientists are studying traditional treatments 70.(develop)new medicines.【答案】61. actually； 62. was used； 63. cheapest； 64. from； 65. began； 66. their； 67. what； 68. the； 69. centuries； 70. to develop【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了阿司匹林的历史和发展。【点评】考查固定搭配。题目要求学生在日常学习中，多积累动词短语

10、，并牢记其含义。做题时要 在知道各选项含义的基础上，结合具体语境得出正确答案。61 .句意：但是阿司匹林真的是一种现代药物吗？ actual,实际的，形容词，用副词作状语。故答案 为 actually。62 .句意：在公元前4世纪，一种由树皮制成的药物被用来治疗发烧。根据in the fourth century BC 判断时态为一般过去时，被动语态，单数名词后谓语动词为was done的形式。故答案为was used。63 .句意：今天，它是世界上最便宜和最有帮助的药物之一。cheap,便宜的，形容词，one of后跟 形容词最高级，固定用法，最高级是cheapest,故答案为cheapes

11、t。64 .句意：我们今天的一些药物来自传统的中医。come from,来自，固定短语。故答案为from。65 .句意：在公元前三世纪，一些人开始研究人体。begin,开始，动词，根据In the third century B.C.,可知时态为一般过去时中，谓语动词用过去式，故答案为began。66 .句意：他们尝试了许多不同的方法来治疗这些病人，并记录了他们的结果。they,他们，主格， 根据results,名词，前面用形容词性物主代词their,他们的，故答案为their。67 .句意：2000多年来，医生们在书中记录了他们的发现。这是个宾语从句，用于指代发现的东 西,用wha俨什么”,

12、故答案为what。68 .句意：中国医学研究者屠呦呦发现，在过去，人们用一种开黄花的草药来治疗发烧。in thepast,在过去，固定短语。故答案为the。69 .句意：几个世纪以来，西医对中医的关注甚少。century,世纪，可数名词，用可数名词复数表 示数量，故答案为centuries。70 .句意：但是今天，科学家们正在研究传统疗法来开发新的药物。develop,开发，动词，用动词 不定式表示目的。故答案为to develop。（2022台州）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。As a foreigner, the first time I ate

13、hot pot was in Chongqing, China. The hot pot restaurant was one of the largest and 71 . (busy) places in the city. In the restaurant, hundreds 72. people were crowded into one large room. My friend and I sat at a table with 73. large pot in the middle. It was an amazing experience. I 74. (real) coul

14、dnt forget it.Today, the hot pot is one of the most popular forms of cooking in China, and nearly every town and city has some hot pot 75. (restaurant). Some people might ask how hot pot becomes so popular. With a hot pot, you can76. (put) in any food that you like. The same pot can serveany number

15、of different meals to the people sitting around the table. Everyone can eat as much _ 77. they want and no one is left out. This 78. (be) one of the values of Chinese culture. Finally, not only does hot pot taste wonderful, but it is the perfect way _ 79. (spend) time with others.In China, people of

16、ten joke that theres no problem that a hot pot can*t solve. Over a hot pot, people can talk about not just food, but friendship. The food may soon be forgotten, 80. the friendship will stay with us forever. Even today, I remember all the good times I spent with my friends in Chongqing. 【答案】71. busie

17、st； 72. of； 73. a； 74. really； 75. restaurants； 76. put； 77. as； 78. is； 79. to spend； 80. but/yet【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文介绍了火锅是中国最受欢迎的烹饪方式之几乎每个城镇都有一些火 锅餐厅。火锅不仅味道好，而且是与他人共度时光的最佳方式。它代表着一种文化。【点评】考查社会文化类阅读。考查语法填空。需要结合语境，根据所给单词，做必要的变形，同时熟记固定搭配和基本句型。71 .句意：火锅餐厅是这个城市最大、最繁忙的地方之一。busy繁忙的，形容词，根据固定结构 “one of+形容词最高级+名词

18、复数”最其中之一，可知这里用形容词的的最高级形式busiest,意为 “最繁忙的”,故答案为busiest。72 .句意：在餐馆里，成百上千的人挤在一个大房间里。根据句意和固定搭配，hundreds of”成百上 千的，可知of,符合题意，故答案为of。73 .句意：我和我的朋友围坐在中央有一口锅的一张桌子旁。根据后面的单数名词pot,可知这里用 不定冠词，表示“一，large是以辅音音素开头的词，用a,故答案为a。74 .句意：这是一次令人惊奇的经历。我真的忘不了。real真正的，形容词，这里是修饰动词 forget,修饰动词用副词，其副词形式为really,意为“真正地”，符合题意，故答案

19、为really。75 .句意：如今，火锅是中国最受欢迎的烹饪方式之一，几乎每个城镇都有一些火锅餐厅。restaurant餐馆，可数名词，根据前的修饰语some, 一些，可知这里用复数形式restaurants,故答案 为 restaurants。76 .句意：有了火锅,你可以放任何你喜欢的食物。put放，动词，根据空前的can,情态动词，可 知这里用动词原形，故答案为put。77 .句意：每个人都可以想吃多少就吃多少，没有人会被遗漏。根据句意和固定搭配asas, 和一样，可知as符合题意，as much as和一样多，故答案为as。78 .句意：这是中国文化的价值观之一。be是，句子是一般现在

20、时，主语This属于第三人称单数， be动词用第三人称单数is,故答案为is。79 .句意：最后，火锅不仅味道好极了，而且是与他人共度时光的最佳方式。spend花费，度过，动 词。the way to do sth,做某事的方式，不定式做定语，故答案为to spend。80 .句意：食物可能很快就会被忘记，但友谊将永远伴随我们。根据The food may soon be forgotten, 和the friendship will stay with us forever.可知两句是转折关系，but,但是，表转折，yet然而，也表 示转折，符合题意，故答案为but/yet。做某事，可知这里

21、用动词不定式。故答案为t。take。81 句意：他把猫放在书包里，然后高兴地去上学了。根据He put the cat in his schoolbag和went to school happily.可知这里是连接并列的谓语动词put和问题，and和，表示并列，符合题意。故答案 为 ando82 句意:马特进入教室后，他告诉了一些同学关于这只猫的事情。classmate同班同学，可数名 词，根据some一些，后跟可数名词复数或不可数名词，可知这里用复数名词，故答案为 classmates o83 句意：当他打开书包给他们看这只猫时，它突然跳出来，开始在教室里跑。start开始，根据 jumpe

22、d和and可知这里是并列的动词过去式，start的过去式为started,故答案为startedo84 句意：班上的每个人都比以前更兴奋了。excited兴奋的，形容词，was为系动词，后跟形容 词，根据than可知这里是用比较级。其比较级为more excited,故答案为more excited。85 句意：就在这时，老师进来很快地抓住了这只猫。quick迅速的，快的，形容词。这里是修饰动 词caught,修饰实义动词用副词，其副词修饰为quickly。故答案为quickly。86 .句意：让马特惊讶的是，老师微笑着走到他面前，说：“马特，你向无家可归的动物伸出援助 之手是好的，但不允许你

23、把它们带到学校。”这里是修饰动词做状语，with a smile介词短语，意为 “带着微笑”，符合题意。故答案为with。(2022绍兴)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。Max Woosey is a 12-year-old boy. He has slept outside in storms, snow and heat waves, but now hes coming indoors.After two years of11 . (sleep) in a tent, Max, who has raised over 700, 000, is ab

24、outto remember what a bed12 (feel) like. still going to be in my tent a lot,” said Max. nButnow Ive done two years. If there*s a big, 13. (danger) storm coming, I may come inside.Max began camping out in March 2020. At that time, 14. old neighbor of his, Rick Abbott, who was 15. (serious) ill, gave

25、Max a tent and told him to take a risk with it. Later Max decided to camp out to raise money 16. the hospital that cared for Rick. Max didn*t think he would keep going a long time, 17. it went on and on.Over the two years, Max has been through around 15 tents and has had camping 18. (trip) in many p

26、laces. He even slept on a hotel balcony (阳台).His dad joined 19. in the tent during last months Storm Eunice, with Max joking that he 20. (wake) up not by the wind butby his dads snoring （鼾声）！【答案】11 sleeping； 12. feels； 13. dangerous； 14. an； 15. seriously； 16. for； 17. but；18. trips； 19. him； 20. wa

27、s woken【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一个男孩马克斯为一家救济院筹钱的故 事。【点评】考查语法填空。首先要通读短文，掌握大意，特别要注意上下文之间的联系，确定某处需 要的词汇和形式，就可以确定正确答案。11 .句意：在帐篷里睡了两年后，筹集了 70多万英镑的马克斯即将记住床的感觉。of后加动名词， 故答案为sleepingo12 .句意：在帐篷里睡了两年后，筹集了 70多万英镑的马克斯即将记住床的感觉。结合has可知， 用一般现在时，主语a bed是单数第三人称，谓语动词用单三式，故答案为feels。13 .句意：如果有一场危险的大风暴即将来临，我可能会进去。da

28、nger,安全，名词。修饰storm用 形容词dangerous,和big并列，故答案为dangerous014 .句意：当时，他的一位老邻居里克阿伯特病得很重，他给了马克斯一顶帐篷。这里表示“一”， old neighbor单数，且是以元音音素开头，冠词用an,故答案为an。15 .句意：当时,他的一位老邻居里克阿伯特病得很重，他给了马克斯一顶帐篷。serious,严重的,形容词，修饰形容词ill用副词seriously,故答案为seriously。16 .句意：后来，马克斯决定露宿街头，为照顾里克的医院筹款。结合句意用for,为了，故答案为 for。17 .句意：马克斯没想到他会坚持很长时

29、间，但他一直坚持下去。结合句意可知，前后表示转折， 故用but,但是，故答案为but。18 .句意：两年来，马克斯穿过了大约15个帐篷，并在许多地方露营。根据many places许多地 方，可知，用名词复数，故答案为trips。19 .句意：他的父亲和他一起呆在帐篷里。join,动词，后加人称代词的宾格His dad,男的，宾格 用him,故答案为him。20 .句意：马克斯开玩笑说，他不是被风吵醒的，而是被他父亲的鼾声吵醒的。主语he是wake的 承受者，结合joined可知，用一般过去时被动语态be done结构，主语he,故选was,故答案为was woken o（2022舟山）阅读下

30、面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。My pen friend is Allison. She is a lovely Australian girl 21 . big blue eyes. Like me, Alisonloves singing and dancing,22. we both like travelling to different places for our holidays.Do you want to know23. our friendship started? By travelling! Three years ago, I pa

31、id avisit to my24. (uncle) home in Sydney. One Saturday my cousin and I went to the BlueMountains Scenic World and I 25. (meet) Allison on the bus. She was sitting just next to me. At first, we were both a bit shy. We sat 26 (silent) all the way until we got near the foot of the mountains. I was sur

32、prised by the amazing views and opened the window 27 . (take) photos. That*s when Allison turned to28 . (I) and said, nIt*s beautiful, isn*t it?” Then she beganto explain why the mountains looked blue.For the rest of the day, 29. three of us travelled together. We saw many koalas and were happy to s

33、ee that they 30. (protect) well in the forest. What a great experience! Back home, I started writing to Allison and weve been friends ever since.【答案】21 . with； 22. and； 23. how； 24. uncles； 25. met； 26. silently； 27. to take； 28. me； 29. the； 30. were protected【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍作者和Allison如何相识成为朋友的故事。【点评

34、】考查语法填空，答题时要跳过空格通读全文，了解大意，然后根据语境及提示对所缺部分 逐一作答，最后通读一遍，验证答案。21 .句意：她是一个可爱的澳大利亚女孩，有一双蓝色的大眼睛。根据空格后big blue eyes.可知描述 人长着蓝色的大眼睛，应用介词with,故答案为with。22 .句意：我们都喜欢去不同的地方旅游度假。分析句子成分前后两个完整，此处应用连词，又因 上文描述喜欢唱歌和跳舞，下文我们都喜欢旅行，是并列关系，应用and,故答案为and。23 .句意：你想知道我们的友谊如何开始的吗？分析句子成分可知此处缺少连词，又因回答By travelling!通过旅行，表达方式，应用how

35、提问，故答案为how。24 .句意：我去了我叔叔在悉尼的家。uncle,叔叔，名词，根据空格后home,家，名词，形容词修 饰名词,应用uncles,故答案为uncles。25 .句意：一个星期六，我和表弟去蓝山风景区，我在公共汽车上遇见了艾利森。meet,遇见，动 词，根据空格前went,可知时态为一般过去时，应用meet的过去式，故答案为met。26 .句意：我们一直默默坐着，直到接近山脚下。silent,沉默的，形容词，根据空格前sat,坐，动 词，副词修饰动词,应用silently,故答案为silently。27 .句意：我被这令人惊叹的景色惊呆了，于是打开窗户拍照。take,带走，动

36、词，分析句子成分可知此处为状语成分，根据空格前。pened the window ,打开窗户，可知打开窗户的目的是拍照片，目的状语应用to do的形式，故答案为to takeo28 .句意：这时艾利森转过身来，说:“它很漂亮，不是吗?”1,我，代词，根据空格前t。，介词，而 又是转过来对我说，介词后面加宾语，应用me,故答案为me。29 .句意：那天剩下的时间，我们三个人一起旅行。分析句子成分可知此处为主语成分，又因空格 后three of us,我们三人，此处是特指我们三人，应用the,故答案为the。30 .句意:我们看到很多考拉，很高兴看到它们在森林里保护得很好。protect,保护，动

37、词，根据时 态为一般过去时，主语they,是指上文提到的考拉，考拉他们与保护之间应是被保护，为一般过去 时的被动语态，应用were protected,故答案为were protectedo(2022宁波)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。It was the summer holidays and our family rented an apartment for a week near the beach. We all went to the beach on 31 . first day and it was fantastic! I did l

38、ots of surfing. The sea was really warm! While Mum and Dad were reading 32. (they) books, my brother Paul was building a big sandcastle (沙堡).He was happy for 33. (hour)!On the evening we arrived, my parents were cooking supper when suddenly the computer stopped working. There was no electricity in t

39、he apartment! We had to eat our supper in the dark! The electricity didnt come on again 34. late at night.The next day, we went to the market. We 35 . (shop) when suddenly dark clouds came over and it started to rain hard. Dad 36. (drive) us back to the apartment.When we got back, the rain was comin

40、g into Pauls bedroom and his bed was very wet. So for the rest of the holiday he had to share my bedroom.37. the end of the holiday, Mum and Dad were cleaning the apartment when suddenly Dad shouted, nOh, no!” Paul and I ran into the kitchen. 38. strange it was! PauFs milk was drunk and my apples 39

41、. (eat) by a family of mice!We packed up our things and left the apartment very 40. (quick)! We were all really glad to get home.【答案】31. the； 32. their； 33. hours； 34. until/till； 35. were shopping； 36. drove； 37. At； 38. How； 39. were eaten； 40. quickly【解析】【分析】主要讲了作者全家在海滩附近租了一个星期的公寓，并且玩得高兴。【点评】考查语法

42、填空，首先读懂文章大意，然后结合语法和句意确定。31 .句意:第一天我们都去了海滩，真是太棒了！ first,第一，序数词，the+序数词，on the first day 在第一天，固定搭配，故填the。32 .句意：当爸爸妈妈在看书的时候，我弟弟保罗正在建一座大沙堡。they他们，主格，做主语。 books书，名词，形容词修饰名词，所以用they的形容词性物主代词their他们的，修饰名词 books,故填 theiro33 .句意:他高兴了好几个小时。hour小时，可数名词，前面没有表示单数的an/one,所以用复数 hours， 故填 hours。34 .句意：直到深夜，电源才再次接通

43、。根据The electricity didnl come on again电源才再次接通， 可知是直到深夜电源才再次接通,not.until/till直到才,固定搭配,故填until/till035 .句意：我们正在购物，突然乌云密布，开始下起大雨来。shop购物，实义动词。when引导的时 间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时，结构是was/were+动词ing,主语是复数we, 所以用 were, shop 用 shopping, 故填 were shoppingo36 .句意：爸爸开车送我们回公寓。drive开车，实义动词，时态是一般过去时，所以drive用过去 式 drov

44、e,故填 drove037 .句意：假期结束时，爸爸妈妈正在打扫公寓，突然爸爸喊道：“哦，不！ at the end of在结束 时，固定搭配，注意句首首字母大写，故填At。38 .句意：它是多么奇怪啊！ what引导的感叹句结构是What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓 语！ how引导的感叹句结构是How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！根据句末标点可知是感叹句，strange 奇怪的，形容词；it是主语；was是谓语，所以用how引导，注意句首首字母大写，故填How。39 .句意：保罗的牛奶喝了，我的苹果被一家老鼠吃了！ eat吃，实义动词。主语apples是动作eat 的承受者，时

45、态是一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，结构是was/were+动词过去分词，主 语是复数apples,所以用were, eat的过去分词是eaten,故填were eateno40 .句意：我们收拾好东西很快离开了公寓。quick迅速的，形容词。left是leave的过去式，leave 离开，实义动词。副词修饰实义动词，所以用quick的副词quickly,迅速地，故填quickly。(2022金华)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号里所给的单词的适当形式。Some people say it is not easy for a middle-aged person to

46、 learn a foreign language. But is it 41 .(real) true?Several years ago, I worked for 42 . English newspaper which was doing such a research. They asked me to learn a new language for one month. Then I had to go to the country and do some “tests” _ 43.(see) if I could survive (挺过来)in different situat

47、ions.I chose Spanish（西班牙语）and did a one-month course at a language school and44. (find) that some Spanish words are very similar to English ones. 45. example, hola isnt very different from heHo”. Of course, there are other things which are more difficult. In Spanish you have to change the verbs (动词)

48、for each person. But my 46.(big) problem of all was the pronunciation. I found 47 . was very difficult to pronounce some letters in Spanish, especially r and j. So I had to download 48 (sentence) onto my phone and I listened and practised them again and again.A month later I went to Spain. A Spanish teacher 49. (call) Paula came and began the test. nWill I survive?n I wasnt sure enough but 50. I wished I would!【答案】41 . really； 42. an； 43. to see； 44. found； 45. For； 46. biggest； 47. it；48. sentences； 49. called； 50. how【解析】【分析】本文通过讲述作者的亲身经历告诉我们人到中年速成一门外语并非天方夜谭，只