新目标大学英语系列教材：综合教程第三册--课后答案主编-刘正光-.docx

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1、第一单元Text AReading Comprehension1.1) (1) sniffed at, smug(2) proud2) (1) the few remaining holes, quite soon(2) disheartened3) (1) impossible to be truly alone, more and more endangered, staring, even(2) critical4) (1) love the wilderness, can t wait for my next trip, walk for miles, drink deeply fro

2、m a mountain stream, stretch out under the open sky, gaze up at the stars, use my phone(2) optimistic2.1) F The author admitted that his colleague kind of had a point because he did use GPS. That is to say, to some degree he agreed with his colleague.2) NG It is not mentioned in the text.3) F Waldei

3、nsamkeit becomes more and more endangered with every cell tower.4) T Technology can enhance your wilderness experience, for example the Night Sky mobile app, an app concerning birding, or a map app.5) F The phone isn t the problem. The problem is us 一 our inability to step away from email and games

4、and inessential data, our i nahi1i ty to look up, be it at an alpine lake or at family members.Language in Use4.A.Text BReading Comprehension1.1) proPlumbing college clearly has a lot to recommend it. You learn useful and relevant skills there. You become eminently employable. And you probably don t

5、 find yourself having 30,000 of tuition fees to pay back when you finally complete the course.2) conA humanities student in the 1980s, pursuing a non-vocational course, could still feel confidentthat the degree he or she was studying was worthwhile in itself. University was supposed to be about a br

6、oadening and deepening of the individual.3) conJob prospects, employability skills and building networks of “contacts” , must be a secondary or even tertiary concern. Study something that fascinates you, and worry about the future later on.4) conClassicists would be able to tell us that Aristotle, s

7、 concept of “flourishing” as an individual eudaimonia does not imply great material success at all. Living and doing well is what matters. One probably needs to be well educated to achieve this, but not necessarily paid an investment banker, s salary (or bonus).Language in Use2. 1) affordable 2) con

8、scientious 3)synthetic 4)suppress 5)defiant 6)condemn7) incurred 8) fascinate3. 1)as far as is concerned 2)take on 3)die down 4)in due course 5)may as well 6)go through 7)for the sakeof 8)pays off4.Reference translation1)这位焦虑的家长上世纪80年代读的本科，那时学生生活的某些本质还是不 言自明的，尽管英国当时正经历着一次重大的经济转型。2)我曾亲耳听到时任首相托尼布莱尔(他毕

9、业于牛津大学圣约翰学院)宣称 “学得越多，挣得也越多，说这话时他显然没有挖苦之意。3) 一旦政治上的争执和愤慨(不管是真义愤还是伪装的)平息下来，我们所有 人将不得不冷静思考如何帮助我们的孩子应付他们终将面对的债务。4)与最初用来替代助学金的学生贷款一样，贷款付学费、再慢慢偿还的方式， 可能将成为年轻人所能获取的最好最实惠的贷款之一。5)就在20多年前我们很多人都还得到过父母的经济支持，然而随着这个国家 里”夹缝中的中产阶级”日益沦落，极有可能这也要变成稀罕事了。Writing11) Victoria as a favorite tourist city and a comfortable p

10、lace to live2) location and climate, interesting things to do there, lifestyle3) healthy life, clean and pleasant environment, good standard of living, artistic atmosphere and good taste2American Fast Food: Why Is It So Popular in China?I. American fast food is now very popular in China.A. There are

11、 several kinds of popular American fast food restaurants in China.(McDonald, Kentucky, Pizza Hut, etc.)B. These fast food restaurants serve different kinds of food.C. The number of American fast food restaurants in China is increasing dramatically.II. There are several reasons for the popularity of

12、American fast food in China.A. The service is generally good.1. It is fast.2. The employees of the restaurants are professional and friendly.3. It is convenient for people too busy to prepare a meal.4. The environment is clean and pleasant.B. The food tastes good.1. It tastes different from typical

13、Chinese food and excites Chinese taste buds.2. The taste is the same in chain stores, which provides a sense of security and standard.C. The packaging makes the food look appealing.1. Colorful paper wrappings appear appealing.2. Plastic utensils are clean and convenient.D. Various promotions attract

14、 customers.1. Discount and special prices help the sales.2. TV commercials and newspaper advertisements greet regular customers and catch new ones.ITT. The popularity of American fast food is a result of both the food culture and the lifestyle it represents.第三单元Text AReading Comprehension1.Ordinary

15、leadersBest leadersLeaders are supposed to be p erfect and struggle is regar ded as a sign of weaknessan d a source of shame.Struggle is a natural part of leadership and unlocks the pot ential for the greatest growth.1) They lose their confidenc e and doubt their abilities.2) They think that somethi

16、ng is wrong with them.1) They learn to embrace struggle as an art to be mastered.2) They develop skills, capabilities, and practices that help them cope with challenge and adversity.New leadersBest leaders1) They have no self-regulat ory mechanism, no brakes.2) They repeat the same mist akes over an

17、d over.1) They use failure as a wake-up call. They seek out the coun sei of a mentor and/or turn their attention inward for reflec tion and introspection. Thus they try a different approach w hen they encounter the same circumstances the next time.2) They view leadership as an enriching, deeply huma

18、n experi ence.Change plays a prominent role in the leadership struggle, and creates a natural set of tensions which throw the leader off balance.2.As one of the most 1) influential leaders of our time, Steve Jobs was a leader who had confronted and 2) navigated through a number of struggles, when he

19、 had 3) redefined his life purpose and 4) transformed his leadership energies so as to serve this core purpose. What he had achieved is radically changing our thinking about leadership and 5) innovation.Starting with the case of Steve Jobs, the text presents a new idea about leadership, initiating a

20、 fundamentally different premise that struggle and leadership are intertwined. Leadership is often a struggle, yet strong 6) taboos keep us from talking openly and honestly about our difficulties 7) for fear of being 8) perceived to be in lack of strength and confidence. Social mores 9) reinforce th

21、e notion that leaders are supposed to be perfect, and that struggle is inherently bad, something to be ashamed of. However, exceptional leaders know that it is struggle that unlocks the 10) potential for the greatest growth.To 11) probe real stories of leaders, the author conducted an extensive rese

22、arch studying 151 struggle examples. He discovered a 12) distinct pattern of leadership struggle, which showed how struggles threw leaders off balance. However, what determined the 13) outcomes of these real-world stories was the effectiveness of leaders in treating the struggles. There was much lea

23、rning to be 14) gained even in the stories that did not turn out so good, because growth could often be 15) accelerated by failures.Language in Use 4. A.NounAdjectivedenialdistinctionemergentNounAdjectiveillustrationfulfillingmaximizationperceptivereinforcementB. 1) maximize, maximum 2) fulfilling,

24、fulfillment 3) illustrations, illustrates 4) reinforcing, reinforcement 5) distinct, distinction 6) perceive, perceptions 7) denial, deny 8) emerges, emergent/emerging5. 1) act out 2) acts as 3) act on 4) seek . through 5) seek out 6) seek after 7) playing at 8) (would) play out 9) playing on6. 1) a

25、vailable to 2) superior to 3) indispensable to 4) sensitive to 5) adverse to 6) beneficial to 7) indifferent to 8) comprehensible to7. 1) be productive of 2) expressive of 3) be critical of 4) is respectful of; boastful of 5) are desirous of 6) be suspicious of 7) was neglectful/negligent of 8) was

26、envious of8.Reference translation1)尽管他在2011年不幸英年早逝，他的一生仍然完美诠释了 个人成长、领导力发展和人性潜能实现的过程。2）乔布斯不仅将可以做的事情推向了新的高度，还彻底改变了 我们对于领导力和创新精神的看法。3）有些领导者，特别是那些刚进入领导岗位的人，可能意识不 到他们的行为适得其反。4）他们的幸福感和成就感不仅来自于成功，更来自于这个过程 的内在特征。5）即使结局不尽人意，也可以获得很多经验教训；失败常常正 是未来发展的催化剂。9.Reference translationAs a manager/an administrative off

27、icer, I have worked in four enterprises well known for their great passion and creativity. Rarely do I assign tasks for my employees in a top-down manner. I prefer to place myself on an equal footing with my employees, regarding myself as one to motivate, coordinate or communicate with them, rather

28、than one to lead, monitor or command. The 21st century has set up a higher and more comprehensive standard for managers. Turning from the traditional role of the manager to a successful leader, we need to create an environment filled with passion and innovation for all employees. In this sense, rath

29、er than a method or technique, leadership is actually a unique art.Text BReading Comprehension1,.1) F I have met many people who feel unfulfilled, overwhelmed, or stagnant because they are forsaking performance in one or more aspects of their lives.They arent bringing their leadership abilities to b

30、ear in all of lifers domains work, home, community, and self.2) NG3) F Scoring four-way wins starts by taking a clear view of what you want from and can contribute to each domain of your life with thoughtful consideration of the people who matter most to you.4)T5)T6) F You dont need a workshop to id

31、entify worthwhile experiments. The process is pretty straightforward.Language in Use2. 1) succession 2) sustainable 3) zeal 4) entail 5) craved 6) overwhelmed 7) explicit 8) unfulfilled3. 1) get involved with 2) be focused on 3) be committed to 4) be consistent with 5) for the taking 6) in support o

32、f 7) in common with 8) On the face of it4.Reference translation在过去20年的专题研究和指导工作中，我见过很多人，他们或 是觉得壮志未酬，或是不堪重负，或是停滞不前，原因就在于 他们在生活的某一个或多个领域里没有积极努力。他们没有让 领导能力在生活的各个领域都开花结果，包括工作、家庭、社NounVerbAdjectivecompetition competitor competitivenesscompetecompetitivecivilizationcivilitycivilizecivilizedcivildeletionde

33、letedeletableenforcementenforcerenforceenforceenforceableidentificationidentity identifieridentifyidentifiedidentifiablemigrationmigrantmigratemigrantmigratorypersistencepersistpersistentpopulationpopulatepopulouspopulatedurgeurgencyurgeurgentB. 1)urge, urgent 2)delete, deletions 3)enforced, enforce

34、ment 4)identification, identified 5)persistence, persistent 6)civilization, civilize 7)populated, populous 8)migrate, migration5. 1)draw the line 2)off the grid 3)had a point 4)get away from it all区及他们自身(思想、身体和精神)。当然，我们所承担的不 同角色间总存在一些矛盾冲突，但和通常理解不同的是，我们 并没有理由认为这是一个零和游戏。在四个领域都成为领导 者，有出色表现，实现我所说的“四赢”，不

35、舍此求彼，而寻 求它们之间的契合点与价值，这才是更明智的做法。Writing11) The general information about the essay mainly includes the opinion on the effect of stress.2) Contrary to popular opinion, people can learn to turn stress into an asset in the classroom and the workplace.3) The essay is going to discuss how people can learn

36、 to make use of stress in the classroom and the workplace.4) Yes. It gives general information about the essay, contains a thesis statement, and catches the readers interest by offering to share with them how to make use of stress, which in popular opinion has a negative effect on peoples lives.21)

37、This introductory paragraph gives interesting facts about koalas.2) This introductory paragraph states a personal story by describing the authors various work experiences.3) This introductory paragraph uses an interesting quotation from Aldous Huxley.4) This introductory paragraph states a personal

38、story by describing the authors experience of discovering tae kwon do.第四单元Text AReading Comprehensionl.A1) F 2) 0 3) 04) O 5) F 6) F 7) OB.1)(1) The treeserves to connect earth and sky and this could reflect the artists ownthoughts about death that death is the destination of lifes journey.(2) The c

39、ypresstree is usually found in cemeteries and associated with mourning.2)(1) It has greatinfluence on poetry, fiction and music. The famous songVincent orStarry, Starry Night” by Don McLean is focused on The StarryNight.3)(1) Van Gogh gotinspiration from Paul Gauguin.(2) Firstly, VanGogh began paint

40、ing more from memory, as Gauguin had done.Secondly, his worksbecame more decorative and less accurate like Gauguins.4)(1) Van Goghuses color to convey emotion.(2) He used whiteand yellow to create a spiral effect and draw attention to the sky.2.1) It is consideredVan Goghs greatest artistic achievem

41、ent and is one of the most famous andreproduced works in the art world,2) According to thetext, the painting has multifold themes, which include:1) ) nighttime landscapefeaturing a contrast between the night sky brimming with energy and the silentvillage below;2) ) the belief that even with darkness

42、 it is still possible tosee light and hope; (3) an understanding of death.3) The cypress treesymbolizes mourning and a connection between life and death.4) They symbolizelife and death.5) They symbolizeVan Goghs frame of mind and his search for hope during a time of greatillness.Language in Use4.1)

43、agitation, agitated2) eternal, eternity3) rival, rivalry4) symbolize, symbolic5) characteristic, characterize6) opt, options7) gloomy, gloom8) interpretation, interpret5.1) contrasted with2) Hailed as3) refer to4) conjure up5) move away from6) brimming with7) associated with8) perceive as6.B.1) fond

44、ness for2) compatibility with3) confidence in4) departure from5) addiction to6) conception of7) superiority over7.1) His unwise refusal of the offer resulted in his wifesdisappointment.2) Yuan Longpings dedication to hybrid rice has greatly influenced andbenefited the world.3) Some peoplemight resis

45、t the new policy because of their preference for the old system.4) The director wasfurious at the critics negative reaction to his film.5) This pa peroffered an analysis of and a solution to the security problem on campus,6) Wolves invasion into the prairie disturbed the balance ofthe ecosystem ther

46、e,7) Its hard toexpress my gratitude for your generosity and mercy.8) Microwaveenergys application to everyday life has partly relieved the energy crisis.8.1）据说这幅画描绘的是他睡房窗外的景色。2）在星夜这幅画中，梵高笔下的夜空充满能量，与夜空下静谧的 村庄形成鲜明反差。3）他此处描绘的村镇有几分虚构，教堂尖顶则让人联想到他的故乡荷 二 o4）梵高在星夜中还画了一棵柏树，这种树在墓地里很常见，让人 产生哀思。这颗柏树连天接地，也许反映出梵

47、高对于死亡的理解一一 死亡是生命之旅的终点。5）随着星夜的创作，梵高摒弃了传统印象派画家写实自然的技 法，相反，他表现了一种躁动不安的情感。9.Traditional Chinesepainting constitutes a unique school of fine art, a school that is distinctlydifferent from any other fine art schools in the world, either in style or intechniques. Traditional Japanese fine art may be the only exception, but thereis no doubt that it