江苏省常州高级中学2022-2023学年高三上学期1月月考英语试题.docx

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1、2022-2023学年江苏常州高级中学高三年级1月月考英语试卷总分120分考试时间120分钟一、阅读理解(共30分)Four Little-known European DestinationsEveryones heard of Europes major tourist destinations and rightly so - after all, Amsterdam, Berlin, Paris and Rome are all famous for a reason. But there are still numerous cities and regions that arent

2、 even mentioned on typical European to-do lists. The following destinations offer a perfect reason to step slightly off the beaten track.Innsbruck, AustriaBuried at the foot of the towering Alps, the Austrian city of Innsbruck offers guests a chance to appreciate a blend of old and new. The old town

3、 dates back over 800 years, and provides a glimpse at Medieval life in the region, while the modern Home of the Giant, a massive center of arts, entertainment and shopping, is the largest of its kind in the world. Within (he center is (he stunning Swarovskio Crystal Cloud. During winter months, tour

4、ists can participate in various alpine activities. Skiing, snowboarding and many other sports are offered on the nearby slopes; during summer, the area provides a perfect site for rock climbing and hiking. Nature lovers can visit the Alpine Zoo, while history lovers can get lost in the many museums

5、and galleries the town has to offer.Tallinn, EstoniaLocated in Estonia and rarely featured as a must-see destination, Tallinn, nonetheless, offers a fascinating chance to relive history in one of Europes lesser-visited nations. A vibrant city that frequently hosts festivals of various genres, Tallin

6、n is home to the expansive Kunui Art Museum, which has got both classic and contemporary pieces, and the Open Air Museum, a recreated historic village complete with staff in ancient costumes. To add a brilliant final touch to the Estonian experience, visitors should listen for the haunting sounds of

7、 the organ from one of the many churches around the city.The couple has a high 32 rate in getting accepted as house sitters and theyalways go beyond the homeowners 33. For Jessica, that means 34 plentyof pictures of happy pets, keeping the house 35 and leaving a nice small gift before heading to the

8、 next house. uYou want to make the homeowner feel that they made the right36 she says.22.A. indoorsB. onlineC. single-handedD.full-time23.A. gameB. serviceC. vacationD.procedure24.A. safeB. busyC. helpfulD.affordable25.A. localB. privateC. sharingD.agricultural26.A. strangersB. parentsC. co-workersJ

9、D.neighbors27.A. favorB. defenseC. honorD.absence28.A. planB. explainC. compareD.complete29.A. buyB. transportC. chooseD.please30.A. supportB. comfortC. controlD.attention31.A. cookingB. stayingC. waitingD.studying32.A. successB. sunivalC. growthD.unemployment33.A. budgetB. abilitiesC. expectationsD

10、.understanding34.A. admiringB. donatingC. sendingD.borrowing35.A. cleanB. openC. simpleD.empty36.A. guessB. decisionC. responseD.impression四、用单词的适当形式完成短文（共15分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的 词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡题号为66-75的相应位置 上。Working out helps you deal with stress in your job, relati

11、onships or any area of life. It is possibly 37 exercise is a form of stress itself and helps your body deal with it in a better way. Australian researchers found that those 38 did 30 minutes of aerobic (有 氧的)exercise three times a week responded better to stress and had 39 (low) blood pressure.Even

12、4() little exercise, from an easy 10-minute walk to an intense aerobics, seems(o decrease your feeling 41 anxiety. Working out regularly may make you smarter now and lessen the 42 (possible) that youll lose brain function at your age. According to a recent animal study, exercise can 43 (actual) help

13、 the brain develop new cells. In the last few years, it 44 (show) in several studies that regular aerobic exercise can improve the quality of sleep. Naturally, this can make you less tired and be able to function better during the day.Finally, theres one more reason to keep 45 (exercise). When you w

14、ork out regularly, your body simply functions better and you are healthier and less likely46(suffer) painful physical condition.五、邀请信（共15分）47. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假定你是校报专栏的编辑李华，请给你的留学生朋友Alice写邮件邀请她为“健康生活” 专栏写一

15、篇文章。内容包括：1 .报纸栏目介绍;.具体的投稿时间和要求。注意：1.写作词数应为8。左右；.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。参考词汇：栏目column/sectionDear Alice,Yours sincerely,Li Hua六、读后续写（共20分）48.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段使之构成一篇完整短文。I stood with my friends in a line. My heart was hammering like anything, my hands cold and wet, my head buzzing with excitement an

16、d nervousness at the same time. I earnestly listened to the names of the house captains （社长）being announced, but in niy heart, I wanted it to end because then the head girl would be announced. I so wanted it to be me.I had made countless posters badges and bracelets fbr the campaigning. Instead of h

17、aving lunch during the lunch time, I had gone from person to person, asking them to vote for me. I had shouted at the top of my lungs the slogan, 44East or West, Maryam is the best! Vote for her and your year will be best.I had tried my hardest to convince people to vote for me, now all I had left w

18、as hope.“Guess who the head girl fbr the year is? teased the announcer.A heavy silence fell, one that was full of hope and expectation, of fear and of nervousness.The announcer teased for a minute or two before finally announcing the name of the head girl.I felt confused as my friends pushed me out

19、of the line. As I looked at the huge crowd clapping for me, I could not believe that I was the head girl of the school. The head of the council body. The student that was respected and liked by everybody.From then on. I enjoyed the respect I got in and out of school. At home, my family members prais

20、ed me and at school everyone looked up to me. They thought I was an inspiration as well as someone they could get motivated by. I had power. I could talk to the school principal and convince her to do anything. I could order around other council members and ask them to do anything.But as days passed

21、, I realized that with power comes responsibility注意：1 .续写词数应为150左右：2 .请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Paragraph I:I was given countless responsibility along with my studies.Paragraph 2:The principal listened attentively, her concern clearly written on her face.答案及解析:1. D 2, D 3, C【解析】这是篇应用文。文章主要给读者介绍了四个在欧洲值得参观的小众

22、景点，以及每 个景点的特色。1 .推理判断题。根据第一段的 But there arc still numerous cities and regions that arent even mentioned on typical European to-do lists. The following destinations offer a perfect reason to step slightly off the beaten track.（但，仍有许多城市和地区在欧洲“要做的事清单上甚至没有 被提及。卜.面的目的地提供了一个完美的理由，让你稍微偏离常规线路）可推测，本文主要 是介绍一些

23、在欧洲值得参观的小众景点。D. To illustrate the unique attractions worth seeing in the four places.（为了描述四个值得参观的特别景点）符合以上说法，故选D项。2 .细节理解题。根据最后一段的 The famous Wide Street, which is even older than the city itself, is a reminder of （he Roman influence on the area.（著名的 Wide Street,比城市本身还古老，它 提醒人们罗马对这一地区的影响）可知，Wide Str

24、eet可以让人们想到罗马对该城市的影响， 是因为街道的结构。D. The Wide Street reflects the Roman influence on the city of Zadar for its even older than the city ilself.（ Wide Street反映了罗马队城市Zadar的影响，因为它比城市本 身都古老）不符合以上说法，故选D项。3 .细节理解题。根据 Cinque Terre, Italy 部分下的 anyone chasing nature can watch （he birdlife in the Riomaggiores Tor

25、re Guardiola.（任何追求自然的人都可以到 Riomaggiores Torre Guardiola观察鸟类生活）和 Vcrnazza is also home to the Gothic-Ligurian church, which was built in 1318.（ Vernazza是Goihic-Ligurian教堂的所在地，该教堂始建于1318年）可知，大自然爱 好者Mr. Smith和宗教人士 Mrs. Smith可以来这个地方，因为这里可以观察鸟类生活也有历 史悠久的教堂。故选C项。4 . D 5. C 6. A 7. C 8. C【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了

26、作者和兽医曾尽力救治只受伤的杜宾幼犬，后来 作者和康亚后的杜宾幼犬再次相遇的感人事迹。5 .推理判断题。根据第一段I took a job at a vet （兽医）clinic almost five decades ago. As an enthusiastic animal lover, I accepted the position on the condition that I wouldnt have to assist with any wounded animals. （大约五十年前，我在一家兽医诊所找到了一份工作。作为一个 热心的动物爱好者，我接受了这份工作，条件是我不必帮助

27、任何受伤的动物。）可知，作者 在兽医诊所最初的工作不用帮助受伤的动物，只是一个普通的接待员。故选D项。6 .推理判断题。根据第四段“I became the vet*s assistant in all things medical. One of my first jobs was to give that Doberman puppy daily physical therapy, I remember moving his tiny legs to try to keep his muscles from weakening.（我成为了兽医在所有医学事物方面的助手。我最初 的工作之一就是

28、每天给那只杜宾犬进行物理治疗，我记得我移动它的小腿以防止它的肌肉变 弱。）可知，作者曾经帮助小狗进行康玛训练。故选C项。7 .推理判断题。根据第五段“Weeks went by until one day, I felt this little fighter push back ever so slightly. And he continued to push back till he could finally use his legs.（几个星期过去 了， 直到有一天，我感到这个小斗士在轻微地后退，它继续后退直到它终于可以使用它的腿。） 可知，杜宾犬小狗在努力地站起来，恢复身体。故选A

29、项。8 .推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“1 found myself pinned against the wall with this magnificent dog standing on his hind legs, his front paws on my shoulders, washing my face with abundant and joyful kisses!（我发现自己被压在墙边，这只漂亮的狗用后腿站着，前爪搭在我的肩膀上， 不停地、快乐地亲吻我的脸）”和倒数第一段“I still tear up in ainazement at the display of love

30、 and gratitude the dog had for me that day all those years ago.（多年前的那一天，那只狗对我表 示出的爱和感激之情，至今仍让我惊讶得落泪。）”可推断，大杜宾犬扑向作者是为了表达他 的感激。故选C项。9 .主旨大意题。根据最后一段“I still tear up in amazement at the display of love and gratitude the dog had for me that day all those years ago.”（多年前的那一天，那只狗对我表示出的爱和感激 之情，至今仍让我惊讶得落泪。）以

31、及第六段“I found myself pinned against the wall with this magnificent dog standing on his hind legs, his front paws on my shoulders, washing my face with abundant and joyful kisses!”（我发现自己被压在墙边，这只漂亮的狗用后腿站着，前爪搭在我 的肩膀上，不停地、快乐地亲吻我的脸。）以及文章其它内容可知，本文主要讲述了作者救 助了一只杜宾犬，杜宾犬小狗因为作者对它的救治而心怀感恩。所以本文的主旨是一个感恩 的故事，C项”一个心

32、怀感激的病人”最适合作文章标题。故选C项。10 C 10. A 11. B 12. D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。港珠澳大桥建成正式通车，这一世纪工程的建成离不开所有参 与者的智慧与汗水。在荷兰一公司狮子大开口之后，同济大学的专家们积极献策，他们反复 研究、试验，攻破了港珠澳大桥建设的重重技术难关，创造了世界奇迹。9 .推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句的 the Tongji University academic served as a senior adviser on the construction of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge 可知,他是港珠澳

33、大桥的高 级顾问，因此他应该为这个工程的建设提供了许多建议。故选C。10 .推理判断题。根据第二段第四、五句 The company wanted to charge US $ 171 million. He then asked for help from Xu along with experts in Tongji University.可知，是因为荷兰公司要价 太高，工程总经理才求助同济大学的专家的。故选A。11 .细节理解题。根据第三段中 The key challenge during the construction of the bridge was the 6.7-km un

34、derwater tunnel, the worlds longest and deepest undersea tunnel.可知，大桥建造过程 中的一个关键挑战是6.7公里的海底隧道，这是世界上最长和最深的海底隧道。故选B。12 .细节理解题。根据第三段第四句的 Hu Xiangdong, another professor with Tongji, developed a method to freeze the earth around the tunnel to prevent water leakage 可知，该专家通过冰冻隧 道周围的泥土的方法来防止漏水。故选D。【注意】细节理解

35、题做题技巧细节理解题属直接解答性问题，是阅读理解题中最简单的一种，多数属中低难度的题。但高 考所占的比例大，应特别引起注意。事实和细节题的命题特点是：对文章或某一段落中的一 些特定细节或文章重要事实的理解，一般包括直接理解题和语义转化题。直接理解题能在原 文直接找到答案，而语义转化题则需要将题目信息与原文信息加工或整理后才能得出结论。做细节理解题具体方法与步骤如下：1 .略读材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨。经常有新技术对将来人们工作和生活不良影 响的预测，但事实证明结果并不是那样，我们有必要否定预测，以减少人们的恐惧。2 .按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词。如for exam

36、ple, first, second. 测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。3 .将精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上。快速通篇跳读，全文扫视，找到细节出处，待找到含 细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。比如小题 4,根据第三段第四句的 Hu Xiangdong, another professor with Tongji, developed a method to freeze the earth around the tunnel to prevent water leakage 可知该专家通过冰冻隧道 周围的泥土的方法来防止漏水。故选D。13. D 14. A 15. C 1

37、6. B【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一项关于动物研究的过程，就年轻时锻炼对大 脑有终生的好处进行研究。13 .细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Exercise early in life seems to have lifelong benefits for the brain, in rats at least.（年轻时的锻炼似乎对大脑有终生的好处，至少对老鼠来说是这样）“可知， 研究表明，年轻时的锻炼可以防止老鼠年老时的记忆丧失。故选D。14 .词句猜测题 o 根据第二段This is an animal study, but it shows that physical activ

38、ity at a young age is very important not just for physical development, bul for the whole lifelong track of cognitive development during ageing,says Martin of the University of Toronto, Canada.（力 U 拿 大多伦多大学的马丁说：“这是一项动物研究，但它表明年轻时的体育活动非常重要不 仅对身体发育，而且对衰老过程中认知发展的整个一生轨迹都非常重要。”户可知，本段主 要介绍一项动物研究，说明体育活动对身体发

39、育和衰老过程中认知发展轨迹很重要，对于人 类，它可能会推迟阿兹海默氏症的出现。因此指代上文的it在句中指的是具体的身体活动， 也就是锻炼。故选A。15 .推理判断题。根据第三段“Martins team divided 80 young male rats into two equal groups, and placed running wheels in the cages of one group for a period of six weeks. Around four months later when the rats had reached middle age the tea

40、m taught all the rats to connect an electric shock with being in a specific box. When placed in the box, they froze with fear.（马的 团队将80只年轻的雄性老鼠分成两组，在其中一组的笼子里放置跑步轮，为期六周。大约 四个月后，当老鼠进入中年时，研究小组教会所有的老鼠把电击和被关在一个特定的盒子里 联系起来。当它们被放进盒子里时，它们吓呆了）”以及第四段“Two weeks later, the team tested the rats in three situatio

41、ns: exactly the same box in the same room, the same box with the room arranged differently, and a completely different box in a different room.（两周后，研究小组在三种 情况下对老鼠进行了测试：同一个房间里完全相同的盒子，同一个盒子但房间布局不同，以 及不同房间里完全不同的盒子）“可推知，第3段和第4段通过描述过程来开展。故选C。16 .推断判断题。根据第五段“The rats without access to a nmning wheel when

42、they were young now froze the same percentage of times in each of these situations, suggesting they couldnt remember which one was dangerous. But those that had been able to run in their youth froze 40 to 50 percent less in both changed box sellings4年轻时没有接触滚轮的老鼠现在在每种情况下被 吓住拥有相同的时间百分比，这表明它们不记得哪种情况是危险

43、的。但那些在年轻时就能跑 的老鼠，在两种改变的盒子设置下，被吓住率都要低40%到50%）”文中对这项老鼠实验的过 程及其结果的介绍，用数据表示，可见作者对动物研究的态度是很客观的。故选B。17 . D 18. F 19. B 20. C 21. G【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章介绍了几个防止戴口罩眼镜起雾的方法。17 . 上文“Taking off your glasses to wipe them clean each time it fogs up is not only frustrating, but it can also increase the risk of infection.

44、（每当眼镜起雾时,摘卜眼镜把它擦干净不仅令人沮 丧,还会增加感染的风险）”说明戴口罩使眼镜起雾所带来的问题；下文“Here are some tricks to stop it.（这里有一党技巧可以阻止它）”指出有些技巧可以防止眼镜起雾；D选项“So the key is to prevent or minimize fogging due to face masks.（因此，关键是防止或尽量减少口罩造成的雾 气）起到承上启下的作用，“the key”指出上文中问题的解决方法，“fbgging due to face masks” 是下文“it”所指代的内容。故选D。18 . 上文“ This

45、 is great for stopping fogging because it redirects your breath by putting slight downward pressure on the top part of the mask.（这对防止起雾非常好，因为它通过在口罩顶部 施加轻微的向下压力来改变你呼出的气体的方向）阐述了“Twist your mask strings.（扭扭你 的口罩绳）”所起到的防止起雾的作用以及原理；下文“This may leave you infected by virus.（这 可能会让你被病毒感染）”说明可能会出现的问题，所以设空处应填

46、与上文表示转折关系，同 时又承接下文的句子,F 选项“Though, its worth noting that it does create a slight gap between the mask and your face.（不过，值得注意的是，它确实会在口罩和你的脸之间产生一个微小的 间隙）”符合语意，故选F。19 .文章结构解析可知，此空概括下文整段内容，起到小标题的作用。由下文Ifyou wash your glasses with soap, this creates a thin film on your lenses which limits fogging.（如果你用肥

47、皂洗眼镜，这会在镜片上形成一层薄膜，从而限制起雾）”可知，这一段主要讲用肥皂水洗眼 镜可以防止眼镜起雾，所以B选项“Wash your glasses with so叩（用肥皂洗你的眼镜厂可以概 括此段大意，故选B。20 .上文“You can put a tissue under the top part of the mask.（你可以在 口 罩的上部垫上一张纸 巾）”阐述了 纸巾的用法，C 选项It will help catch air and damp, keeping your glasses free of fog.（它将有助于吸收空气和潮湿，使您的眼镜没有雾）”承接上文，阐述了

48、在口罩上部垫上纸 巾是如何防止眼镜起雾的，符合语意，故选C。21 .根据本段的小标题“Change the position of your masks and glasses4改变口罩和眼镜的位 置）“可知这一段主要阐述用调整口罩和眼镜的位置来防止眼镜起雾，G选项“Pull up your mask and draw your glasses down, blocking your breath from rising upwards.（把你的口罩向:拉 一点，把你的眼镜向下拉一点，这样能阻止你呼出的气上升）符合语意，句中的“Pull up yourCinque Terre, ItalyA UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1997, the villages of Cinque Terre have a range of activities for everyone. Outdoor enthusiasts can opt to dive or snorkel（潜水）in the marine park, and anyone chasing nature can watc