备战2023年中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力训练02 语态要点精读与精练.docx
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1、备战2023年中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力双清(通用版)语态常用被动语态构成常用被动语态构成1一般现在时am/is/are done6过去进行时was/were being done2一般过去时was/were done7现在完成时have/has been done3一般将来时shall/will be done8过去完成时had been done4过去将来时should/would be done9将来完成时will/would have been done5现在进行时am/is/are being done10含有情态动词的can/must/may be done注后、事 项被动
2、语态的否认式是在第一个助动词或情态动词后加not,短语动词的被动态不可漏掉其中介副词。固定结构 be going to,used to,have to, had better变为被动态时,只需将其后的动词变为被动态。Trees should not be planted in summer.The boy was made fun of by his classmates.Newspapers used to be sent here by the little girl.汉语有一类句子不出现主语,在英语中一般可用被动结构表示:It is believed that.It is general
3、ly considered that.It is said that.It is well known that.It must be pointed out that.It is supposedthat.It is reported that.It must be admitted that.It is hoped that.he gave her a Coke. She smiled once again. The boy was very happy.They sat there all the afternoon, eating and smiling, but they said
4、n 85 When it grew dark, the boy decided to leave. But before he had gone more than a few steps, he turned around, ran b 86 to the old woman and gave her a hug. The woman gave him her biggest smile ever.W 87 the boy opened the door of his house, his mother was s 88 by the look of joy on his face and
5、asked what had made him so happy. I had lunch with Love. She has got the most beautiful smile in the world. At the same time, the old woman9s son was a 89 surprised at his happy mother and asked why.“I ate a pizza in the park with Love,“ she said, and he is much younger than I e 90”If the world is f
6、ull of love, we can enjoy a better life.2 先阅读短文,再在其后空白处写出各单词的正确形式。单词的第一个字母已给出。Madison Kohout is a 19-year-old girl from Oklahoma, U.S.A. She has no parents. However, she did make one friend online named Lori Parker. Lori t 91 Madison just like her own daughter. After getting to know Lori throughout
7、the year, Madison decided to move to Arkansas, where Lori lives.Lori soon found Madison an apartment and the girl moved in quickly. Madison was h 92 with her new life. She spent the first week s 93 up her home and looking for a job.Madison found that her n 94 were all older than her, but didnt think
8、 too much about it. A week later, h 95 she saw a sign that read: Senior Citizens Apartments (老年公寓)Then she came to r 96 that she was living in a retirement c 97Madison didnt think about moving out. I 98 she has become friends with a lot of people there. They bring her delicious food and share their
9、stories with her. The girl feels at home there.Madison enjoys her new life very much. It is always quiet and she can be the loud one. She can listen to any kind of music she wants, because most the people living around are half d 99 anyway.Sometimes, a good thing might d 100 from a bad situation. Wh
10、at do you think?3请用适当的词完成下面的短文。每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词Im Sara, a student in Grade Seven. Now let me tell you 101 about my school life.We have five weekdays a week, from Monday to 102. At school, we have nine 103 一 Chinese,English, math, science, geography, history, art, P.E. and music. I think Chinese
11、 is important. I always read Chinese books. History is my 104 subject. In history classes, I can 105 many interesting stories.My father says math is 106.107 I think it is boring. Mr. Black is my science teacher. He108 science very well. But this subject is really difficult 109 me.We always have art,
12、 P.E. or music in the afternoon. 110 are fun. We always have a good time.参考答案1 .c【解析】句意:庐山的许多建筑在4月20日的地震中被摧毁。它肯定会被重建得更漂亮。考查一般过去时被动语态。主语buildings与动词destroy之间是被动关系,结合on April 20th可知,此处应 用一般过去时被动语态was/were done的结构,应选C。2 .C【解析】句意:目前所有的中国夫妻都被允许生二胎。考查被动语态、时态、主谓一致。is allowed被允许;allowed允许;are allowed被允许;wer
13、e allowed被允 许。根据语境,主语all Chinese couples与动词allow之间是被动关系,故用被动语态,故排除B。根据时间 状语at present可知,用一般现在时,故排除D。主语是复数形式,故排除A。应选C。3 . C【解析】句意:这种药应放在阴凉干燥的地方。考查动词语态。take medicine“吃药”,句中medicine作主语与动词take之间是动宾关系,所以用被动语态, 含情态动词的被动语态结构是must be doneo应选C。4 . A【解析】句意:4月21日盐城举办的马拉松比赛吸引了 1万2千人。考查被动语态。根指which drew 12,000 r
14、unners.”可知描述过去的事,用一般过去时,marathon与hole之间 是被动关系,因此用一般过去时的被动语态。主语是单数,be动词用was。应选A。5 .B【解析】句意:老年人必须得到很好的照顾。考查含情态动词的被动语态。含情态动词的被动语态的结构是“情态动词+ be + done;题干中老人是“被照 料”,A、C和D都是主动结构,应选B。6 . D【解析】句意:有人看见猴子从树上跳下来。考查一般过去时的被动语态。主语The monkey”是动作“see”的承受者,即“猴子被看见”,所以用被动 语态be+done;根据语境可知,事情是过去发生的,且主语为第三人称单数,故用was se
15、en。应选D。7 .C【解析】句意:你的鞋子穿破了。你需要一双新的。考查被动语态。分析句子可知,主语Your shoes与谓语动词之间是被动关系,结构:be done, wear out意为 “穿破”,是固定搭配。应选C。8 .C【解析】句意:打搅了!我想要一些邵阳米线。对不起,先生。只有早上才有米线供应。考查动词的时态。句子是一般现在时,主语“Rice noodles”和动词之间是被动关系,所以用一般现在时的被动语态,结构:be doneo应选C。9 .D【解析】句意:这名乘客坐了别人的座位后不肯动! 真是可耻!根据新的信用体系,他将受到 惩罚。考查被动语态。根据语境,可知此处指“那位乘客将
16、会因为他的行为受到惩罚”,表将要发生的动作,用一般 将来时;主语he与动词punish是被动关系,所以,用一般将来时被动语态,其谓语动词结构为“will+be+过 去分词”,应选D。10 .A【解析】句意:我们被分成五组去老人之家。我们做了许多让老人们高兴的事。考查一般过去时的被动语态。主语we和谓语动词divide之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,应用被动语态,根据“We did many things to cheer up the elders.”可知,时态为一般过去时,一般过去时被动语态的谓语结构为 “was/were+done”,主语we不是第三人称单数,所以应用were。应选A。11.B【解
17、析】句意:我们学校的运动会上周举行了。我们赢得了一等奖。听起来不错。祝贺! 考查动词辨析和语态。happened (偶然地)发生;出现;took place (有计划地)发生。两者都没有被动形 式。运动会应该是有计划地发生,应选B。12 .D【解析】句意:你知道他什么时候会完成这项工作吗? 对不起,我不知道。但我想当工作完 成时,他会让我知道的。考查动词时态和语态。第一空所在句是when引导的宾语从句,根据“Do you know when he.the work”及语境 可知,工作还未完成,所以询问的是未来完成的时间,用一般将来时(will do);第二空所在句是when引 导的时间状语从句
18、,遵循“主将从现原那么,所以从句用一般现在时,又因为主语the work和谓语finish之间 是逻辑上的动宾关系,所以用一般现在时的被动语态(be done)。应选D。13 .D【解析】句意:第31届世界大学生运动会将于2022年6月至7月在四川成都举行。考查被动语态。根据World University Games”和动词“hold”可知,大运会是被举行,要用被动语态,排除AC;再根据firom June to July in 2022”可知,应用一般将来时的被动语态。应选D。1.8 B【解析】句意:中国以外的许多学校也教汉语。考查时态和语态。teach“教”,是动词,此处表达客观事实,用
19、一般现在时,主语Chinese与谓语teach之间 是被动关系,谓语用被动语态,应选B。1.9 B【解析】句意:可重复使用的袋子现在被越来越多的人接受,尽管有点贵。考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“now”可知该句应用一般现在时,主语Reusable bags可重复使用的袋子” 和谓语动词accept“接受”存在逻辑上的被动关系,因此句子应用一般现在时的被动语态,其结构为:am/is/are+ 过去分词。应选B。16 . C【解析】句意:老年人在我们社会中应当受到很好的照料。考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句子主语The old“老年人”与动词短语take good care。中照料”存在逻辑上的
20、被动语态,根据should”可知该句为含有情态动词的被动语态,其结构为:should be+过去分词。动词take 的过去分词为takeno应选Co.C【解析】句意:饺子作为一种中国传统食品,深受数以百万计的外国人的喜爱。考查时态和语态。love喜欢,喜爱,根据句意,饺子被外国人喜欢,这是客观事实,因此用一般现在时, 主语dumplings与谓语love之间是被动关系,因此用被动语态,应选C。17 .C【解析】句意:看,Linda笑得多开心。发生什么了? 她刚刚被我们的老师表扬了。考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据句意可知主语“She”和动词“praise”是被动关系,因此需用被动语态,结构 “b
21、e done”,排除A和D选项。根据时间“just now”可知时态是一般过去时,因此用was praised。应选C。18 . A【解析】句意:我在书架里找到的这本书是许多年以前我祖母买的。考查一般过去时的被动语态。主语the old book和谓语buy之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,应用被动语态;根据 many years ago可知时态为一般过去时,故用一般过去时的被动语态。应选A。19 .C【解析】句意:更多的学校俱乐部被提供给学生们。他们一定会喜欢的。考查动词时态和语态。主语More school clubs是动词offer的承受者,所以用被动语态,结合They are sure to e
22、njoy them.”可知,用一般现在时的被动语态(am/is/are offered) o应选C。20 . C【解析】句意:第19届亚运会将于今年9月10日在杭州举行。我非常期待。我也是。考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据on September 10th this year”可知,动作还未发生,主语是动作的承受者, 用一般将来时的被动语态。应选C。21 . A【解析】句意:冰墩墩因其可爱的外形而受到欢迎。我打算买一个。考查一般现在时的被动语态。分 析句意可知,主语和动词之间是被动关系,故应用被动语态,故排除D项;根据后句“I plan to buy one.”时 态可知,前句应用一般现在时的被
23、动语态,构成形式为:be done,主语“Bing Dwen Dwen”是第三人称单数 形式,故be用is, welcome的过去分词是welcomed。应选A。22 . B【解析】句意:冬奥会于这些日子里在北京举行。是的!北京被称为“双奥运城市”。考查动词时态和语态。主语The Winter Olympic Games冬奥会”和谓语动词hold之间是动宾关系,所以应用 被动语态,结合时间状语“during these days”可知,时态是一般现在口寸,所以这里用一般现在时的被动语态。 应选Bo. D【解析】句意:武术是我们的传统运动。它很精彩。是的,它被全世界的许多人所喜爱。考查一般现在时
24、的被动语态。主语it和谓语enjoy之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,应用被动语态;根据题干“Kungfu is our traditional sports. It is wonderful.”可知,时态为一般现在时,故用一般现在时的被动语态。应选D。23 .C【解析】句意:2022年冬季奥运会在北京举行,很多观看了比赛。考查时态和语态。hold举行;根据watched”可知,此处用一般过去时,主语The 2022 Winter Olympics与谓 语hold之间是被动关系,因此用被动语态,应选C。24 .C【解析】句意:当我在课堂上被要求回答老师的问题时,我通常感到非常紧张。考查被动语态。I和动词
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