备考2023年中考英语语法知识点清单专题08-副词.docx
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1、专题08副词2023年中考英语知识清单(通用版)目录考情分析:101 .副词的分类10.副词的用法112 .副词的位置11.副词的比拟级及最高级的变化规那么123 .副词的比拟级的其他用法13.牛刀小试14考情分析:中考英语试题对副词的考查主要是:副词的分类和基本用法,副词的比拟级和最高 级;某些特殊变化的副词的比拟级和最高级(wellbetterbest等);副词的同级比拟 (as/soas的用法)及副词在句中的位置。1.副词的分类1)时间副词:ago, already, before, ever, early, late, just, now, once, soon, still, the
2、n 等2)地点、方位副词:straight, upstairs, downstairs, above, along, around, outside, inside, behind, here, there 等3)方式副词:safely, quietly, quickly, politely, loudly, luckily, happily, easily, carefully, slowly, suddenly 等4)程度副词:very, only, quite, almost, even, a little, enough, rather, a lot, badly, nearly, f
3、urther, widely 等 5) 频度副词:never, sometimes, usually, often, always 等6)疑问副词:when, where, why, how, how long, how soon, how often, how far 等7)关系副词:专题08副词2023年中考英语知识清单(通用版)目录考情分析:101 .副词的分类10.副词的用法112 .副词的位置11.副词的比拟级及最高级的变化规那么123 .副词的比拟级的其他用法13.牛刀小试14考情分析:中考英语试题对副词的考查主要是:副词的分类和基本用法,副词的比拟级和最高 级;某些特殊变化的副词
4、的比拟级和最高级(wellbetterbest等);副词的同级比拟 (as/soas的用法)及副词在句中的位置。1 .副词的分类1)时间副词:ago, already, before, ever, early, late, just, now, once, soon, still, then 等2)地点、方位副词:straight, upstairs, downstairs, above, along, around, outside, inside, behind, here, there 等3)方式副词:safely, quietly, quickly, politely, loudly,
5、 luckily, happily, easily, carefully, slowly, suddenly 等4)程度副词:very, only, quite, almost, even, a little, enough, rather, a lot, badly, nearly, further, widely 等 5) 频度副词:never, sometimes, usually, often, always 等6)疑问副词:when, where, why, how, how long, how soon, how often, how far 等7)关系副词:whom, where
6、, why 等.副词的用法1)修饰动词作状语如:He walked quietly into his bedroom.他安静地走进他的卧室。2)修饰形容词作状语如:You have a very nice watch.你有一块非常好看的手表。3)作表语,位于系动词后如:How long will she be away?她要离开多久?4)作定语如:The people there love peace.那儿的人们热爱和平。2 .副词的位置1)多数副词都可以放在动词的后面,如果动词带有宾语,副词就放在宾语后面。如:I get up early in the morning everyday.我每
7、天早早起床。I have seen this film twice with my friends.这部电影我和朋友看过两次。2)副词修饰形容词、副词时,副词在前面,而被修饰的词在后面。如:Its rather easy, I can do it.这很容易,我能做到。He did it quite well.他做得相当好。3)频度副词可放在实义动词的前面,情态动词和助动词的后面。如:I often help him these days.这些日子我经常帮助他。You mustnt always help me.你不必一直帮助我。4)疑问副词以及修饰整个句子的副词,通常放在句子的前面。如:Whe
8、n do you study every day?你每天什么时间学习?First, let me ask you some questions.先让我来问几个问题。5)时间副词和地点副词在一个句中,地点副词在前面时间副词在后面。如:We went shopping in the supermarket at 9 oclock yesterday.昨天九点钟我们到超市买东西了.What were you doing in the classroom yesterday afternoon?昨天下午你在教室里干什么?6)否认副词在句首,句子要倒装。如:Never have I felt so ex
9、cited!我从没这么兴奋过。3 .副词的比拟级及最高级的变化规那么规那么变化:1)单音节词直接在其后面加-er/-est。如:hard-harder-hardest2)以字母e结尾的单音节词在其后面直接加-r/-st。如:wide-widerwidest3)以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词,先把y改为i,再加-er/-est。如:earl y-earl i er-earliest4)局部双音节词和大局部多音节的词,在前面加more和most。如:slowly一more slowly一most slowlycarefully-more carefully-most carefully不规那么变化:
10、well-better-bestmuch - more-mostlittle-less-leastfarfarther-farthestbadly-worse-worst.副词的比拟级的其他用法1)在同级比拟的结构as/ so+原级+ as的前面可用just, almost, nearly和half等表示 程度。如:He doesn t study half so hard as you.他学习努力的程度不如你的一半。The wind blew more and more strongly.风吹得越来越猛了。2)比拟级前面可以用much, far, a little, a bit, a lot
11、等词修饰,表示程度。如:We will come back a little later.我们会稍迟一点回来。3)两个副词的比拟级可以叠加表示“越来越”的意思。其结构 可以是:比拟级+ and+比拟级,而多音节词可以用more and more+比拟级结构。如:He works harder and harder.他工作的越来越努力。Your sister becomes more and more beautiful.你的妹妹变得越来越漂亮了。4)如果表示“越,就越”可以用the+比拟级,the+比拟级”的结 构。例如:The harder you works, the more you w
12、ill get.你越努力学习,你得到的就越多。5)当比拟的双方属于同一范围内时候,用other或else排除自己,因为自己不能和自己 比拟。如:The girl sings better than any other girl in her class.那个女孩比她们班其他女孩都唱得好。如果比拟的双方不属于同一范围内时候,那么不存在和自己比拟的情况,所以可以不用 other 或者 else。如:The boy in our class came to school earlier than any students in that class.我们班的那个男孩比那个班的任何学生到校早。4 .牛
13、刀小试(2022云南昆明二模)一Dont talk. The students are having classes.Sorry, I wontA. easilyB. quicklyC. happilyD. loudly【答案】D【详解】句意: 不要大声说话。学生们正在上课。抱歉,我不会了。考查副 词辨析。easily容易地;quickly快速地;happily开心地;loudly大声地。根据The students are having classes.”可知,学生在上课,所以不要大声地说话。应选D。1. (2022重庆九龙坡一模)Teenagers should speak to the
14、old.A. politeB. politelyC. impoliteD. impolitely【答案】B【详解】句意:青少年应当礼貌的和老人说话。考查副词的用法。polite有礼貌的;politely 有礼貌地;impolite不礼貌的;impolitely不礼貌地。副词修饰动词,根据“speak to the old” 可知和老人说话要礼貌。应选B。2. (2022江苏镇江二模)一Oh, poor little Tom! Life has never been easy for him.No, but I believe everything will go with him in the
15、 future.A. smoothlyB. peacefullyC. correctlyD. comfortably【答案】A【详解】句意:噢,可怜的小汤姆!对于他来说,生活从来没有容易过。不, 我相信在将来他的一切将会顺畅的。考查副词词义辨析。smoothly顺利地,顺畅地,平 稳地;peacefully安心地,安然地,安详地;correctly正确地,准确地,恰当地;comfortably 放松地,舒坦地,舒服地,愉快地,轻松地。根据上句句意“噢,可怜的小汤姆!对于他来说,生活从来没有容易过。”可知,小汤姆生活过得不好。根据答语中“No,”可知, 我认为他的生活会发生变化,会越来越好。g。
16、smoothly“顺利进行”符合语境。应选A。3. (2021 江苏淮安中考真题)There is a lot of traffic in the street. Please drive.A. carefulB. carelessC. carefullyD. carelessly【答案】C【详解】句意:这条街上车辆很多。请小心驾驶。考查形容词副词辨析。careful仔细的, 形容词;careless粗心的,形容词;carefully仔细地,副词;carelessly粗心地,副词; 根据There is a lot of traffic in the street.”及常识可知,此处应该是建议
17、小心驾驶,排除 B/D选项;空处修饰动词,要用副词,应选C。4. (2022安徽合肥二模)To keep healthy, Linda eats any junk food and drinkslike fried chicken or milk tea.A. usuallyB. oftenC. seldomD. always【答案】c【详解】句意:为了保持健康,琳达很少吃垃圾食品和饮料,如炸鸡或奶茶。考查副词 辨析。usually 通常;often 经常;seldom 很少;always 总是。根据“To keep healthy”可知, 琳达“很少”吃垃圾食品和饮料。应选C。5. (202
18、2安徽滁州二模)All the students love Mr. Lee, because he can always solve the problems between students.A. fairlyB. loudly C. angrily D. luckily【答案】A【详解】句意:所有的学生都喜欢李老师,因为他总能公平地解决学生之间的问题。考 查副词辨析。fairly公平地;loudly大声地;angrily生气地;luckily幸运地。根据AH the students love Mr. Lee”并结合备选项可知应是公平地对待每一个学生,应选A。6. (2022山东青岛二模)
19、More and more people do housework with cleaning robots, they are used now.A. widelyB. correctlyC. easilyD. secretly【答案】A【详解】句意:越来越多的人用清洁机器人做家务,现在它们被广泛利用。考查副词辨 析。widely 广泛地;correctly 正确地;easily 容易地;secretly 秘密地。根据More and more people do housework with cleaning robots.”可知,清洁机器人被人们广泛利用。应选A。 8. (2022广西贵
20、港中考真题)Tina gets up early every morning, so she is late forschool.A. oftenB. alwaysC. usuallyD. never【答案】D【详解】句意:蒂娜每天早上起得很早,所以她上学从不迟到。考查频度副词。often 经常;always 总是;usually 通常;never 从不。根据“Tina gets up early every morning”可 知,蒂娜每天早上起得很早,从而推断她上学从不迟到。应选D。9. (2022辽宁本溪二模)Please speak to him. He doesnt hear ver
21、y well.A. politelyB. directlyC. privatelyD. loudly【答案】D【详解】句意:请大声地对他说话,他听力不太好。考查副词辨析。politely礼貌地; directly 直接地;privately 私下地;loudly 大声地。根据He doesnt hear very well.”可知, 对他说话要大声,应选D。10. (2022辽宁本溪二模)Although Mr. Li is quite a serious person, he makes ajoke to make us laugh.A. usuallyB. sometimesC. seld
22、omD. never【答案】B【详解】句意:虽然李先生是个很严肃的人,但他有时也会开玩笑逗我们笑。考查频度 副词。usually 通常;sometimes 有时;seldom 很少;never 从不。根据“Although”可知, 该句为让步状语从句;再根据he . makes a joke to make us laugh.”可推知,李先生虽然 很严肃,但有时会开玩笑逗大家笑。应选B。11. (2022.江西九江.二模)一We want to help Frank, but we dont know how to.一 Dont worry. Frank told me that he had
23、 worked out the problem.A. quicklyB. widelyC. suddenlyD. badly【答案】C【详解】句意:我们突然想帮助弗兰克,但我们不知道怎么去帮。别担忧。弗 兰克告诉我他已经把问题解决了。考查副词词义辨析。quickly迅速地;widely广泛地; suddenly 突然;badly 糟糕地。根据We . want to help Frank, but we dont know how to.” 可知,我们是突然想帮助弗兰克,结合选项,选项C符合语境。应选C。12. (2022吉林长春中考真题)Zhao Chen ran of all the st
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