备战2023年中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力训练02 动词(短语)要点精读与精练.docx

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1、备战2023年中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力双清（通用版）动词（短语）知识网络行为动词（实义动词）及物动词（带宾语）：study, develop;不及物动词（不带宾语）work, swim, go, come状态动词（相对静止）contain, exist, own, prefer, belong动作动词：延续性（work, stay）；非延续性（marry, go, come）动词的分类连系动词（汉语中没有这种词类） 助动词（与动词原形或分词构成复合谓语）be(am,is,are),do(does,did);have(has);will,would,shall情态动词can(could

2、),may(might),must,shall(should)72 .我们学校的女教师越来越多。 women teachers in our school getting bigger and bigger.73 .请在图书馆轻轻地走。学生们正在阅读。Please in the library.The students are reading.74 .看广告真是浪费时间，很多人情愿开通会员来跳过广告。Watching advertisements that many people would rather pay for membershipto avoid them.75 .他们一开始计划乘

3、坐直达航班去那儿吗？ at first?76 .过去你梦想使这个世界产生不同吗？ the world in the past?77 .人民渴望自由。People freedom.78 .等他如此长的时间使我发疯。Waiting for him for such a long time me.79 .这些形状奇特的岩石是你们城市的骄傲吗？ the rocks your city?80 .多好的天气！我们去一起去游泳吧。 weather it is! Lets together.81 .经理赶着去开会，把一些重要文件落在了办公室。The manager to have a meeting that

4、 he left some important papers in his office.82 .北京以其名胜古迹而著称。Beijing its ancient places of interest.83 .现在，很多女生对汉服感兴趣。Now many girls Hanfu.84 .昨天晚上一些父母被邀请去参加学校音乐会。Some parents to the school concert last night.85.昨天直到音乐会结束我才回家。I go home the concert was over yesterday.86 .谈话类节目和游戏类节目一样有趣。Talk shows ga

5、me shows.87 .让我们考虑一下食物吧！Lefs the food!88 .无论我走到哪里，没有什么能把我和我的祖国分开。Wherever I go, nothing can make me my motherland.89 .你的弟弟每天必须穿校服吗？your brother have to the school uniform every day?90 .直到他生病了，他才意识到生命的重要性。He the importance of his life he got sick.91 . Mrs. Brown taught her students how to pressure.（处

6、理）.布鲁斯不习惯熬夜，我也是。Bruce doesnt get used to late,I.92 .下雨天使我感到悲伤。Rainy days.93 .在李老师的帮助下，我的英语进步得很快。With the help of Miss Li, my English in such a rapid way.94 .我们的行动会带来不同，并引领一个更好的未来。Our actions can and lead to a better future.95 .快点！老师在等我们呢。Hurry up! The teacher.三、短文填空1Gullivers Travels tells the story

7、 of Lemuel Gulliver, a ships doctor. He has the most unbelievable e 97on his travels. The story is told by Gulliver himself and every journey he makes ends w 98 his ship being broken or attacked by pirates. Each time this happens Gulliver finds h 99 in a strange land with even stranger people. Its w

8、riter, Jonathan Swift, was bom into a poor family in Dublin, Ireland. His mother couldnt afford to raise her children, s 100 she left her children in the care of relatives. His life experiences made a great difference to his w 101 In his works, he had pity on the poor and hated the rich and powerful

9、.The book was a s 102 when first published and is still popular today because both young readers and adults e 103 it. This is because it can be enjoyed as a young readers fantasy story about travel and adventure and also as a political satire （挖苦）for adults.In fact, Gulliver9 Travels is a travel boo

10、k and Gulliver is a great adventurer. He always wants to leave h 104 and travel on the seas another time. All these make the book a classic. So people are never t 105 while reading.At the end of the story Gulliver finally ends his travels but he is strongly c 106 by them. He learns that there are ma

11、ny different ideas of what makes a civilized （文明的）society and that we must not feel superior （优 越的） to others because they are different.一Taken from Gulliver s Travels2 根据下面短文内容，在短文的空格处填上一个恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。It is known that teeth are very important for all of us. With good teeth, you can enjoy more deli

12、cious foods and you can smile more freely 07 feeling embarrassed （尴尬的）.So you need to develop some good habits to protect your teeth.Dont use your teeth as tools. Teeth are mainly used for eating food. It 108 to open bottles, remove tags （标签）from clothing or something else with your teeth.Choose you

13、r toothpaste wisely. Maybe you think there is no 109 between expensive and cheap toothpaste. 110、its necessary to choose toothpaste wisely because good toothpaste can help keep yourteeth healthy.Brush your teeth every day. Ill the tip is the easiest, many people forget to do it patiently.112 your te

14、eth regularly takes out something bad from your teeth. Just make sure that you do it correctly and keep doing it at least 3 minutes each time.Proper food also makes a difference. Acidic （酸的）and sweet foods can be harmful to your teeth. If you have tooth diseases, they will become even 113 because of

15、 these foods.Its not so difficult to have beautiful and healthy teeth as you may think. It just 114 you several minutes a day to follow the tips and your teeth will always be good.3When Anna Smith was on an exchange program at a university in 2010, she discovered that there were many free language c

16、lasses. Because of her interest in the East, she decided to learn Chinese, and that started her relationship 115 China.In 2013, Anna went to Beijing and learned how to teach speakers of other languages Chinese. It is helpful for language learning here. You can always 116 students speaking different

17、languages. And it is 117 to find a partner to practice the language that you are learning. says Anna. She is a very active learner. She was never too shy to raise her hand and answer the teachers5 118 in Chinese when having lessons with Chinese students.Anna is very interested in Chinese characters

18、（汉字）.I 119 thought learning Chinese characters was hard. Chinese characters are very beautiful and each of 120 carries a story,“ Anna says. You can also learn a lot about Chinese 121 when learning Chinese characters, and that is very interesting.Annas Chinese 122 a lot when she was studying in Chine

19、se. Now she 123 as an editor （编 辑）in Beijing. She wants to be a Chinese teacher in her country in the future, I feel good about my experience teaching Chinese at the embassy （大使馆）in China 124 I was a student in 2014. I hope more peoplefrom my country know more about Chinese J Ann says.4Like most Chi

20、nese, Mr. Zhang has a traditional family. 125 he and his wife are middle school teachers while their 6-year-old son is a pupil. Mr. Zhangs mother lives 126 them and helps look after （照 顾）the child. They love one another and live 127 happy life.Yesterday was Mr. Zhang9s mothers birthday. The couple w

21、anted to do something to show their 128 to her. After a big dinner, Mr. Zhang brought a basin （盆）of warm water and asked his mother to sit in front of the basin. He took off her shoes and put her 129 into the water. After that, he began to wash them carefully. His wife helped to comb （梳）his mothers

22、hair slowly. Seeing this, the boy follow （学他妈妈）his mothers example. He 130 to comb his mothers hair, too. But he was not 131enough （足够的）to do that.132 he brought a chair and stood on it. Everyone could feel the warmth and love in the family.As we all know, respecting （尊敬）the old and taking care of t

23、he young is a good Chinese tradition. We should try 133 best to look after our family. We must visit our parents as often as possible and 134 time staying with them even though （尽管）we may work far away. In fact, family is a place for happiness.参考答案LB【解析】句意：我的裤子在盒子里。他的在床上。考查be动词的应用。is是，主语是单数名词或第三人称单数

24、；are是，主语是复数名词或第二人称；am是, 主语是第一人称单数；has有，第三人称单数。分析句子结构可知，这里的His指代“他的裤子”，作主语， 谓语用are。应选B。2.B【解析】句意：你有一个大脑袋吗？ 是的，我有。考查一般疑问句及回答。根据“D。youa big head?”可知，该句为一般疑问句，助动词do后要用动词原形, 排除AC；再根据“Yes”可知，此处要进行肯定回答，应用Yes,主语+do.。应选B。3.D【解析】句意：我妹妹每天不在学校吃午饭。考查否认句。have lunch“吃午饭。固定短语，句子是否认句，应用助动词，主语是单数名词，助动词用doesnt 后接动词原形，

25、应选D。4.B【解析】句意：露西和莉莉不喜欢香蕉。考查否认句的助动词。句中的like是实义动词，主语Lucy and Lily是复数，否认句的助动词用dont。应选 Bo5.B【解析】句意：她在家吃早饭吗？考查一般疑问句。根据主语“she”和实义动词“have”可知，主语为第三人称单数，故使用助动词does。应选B。6 .C【解析】句意：你的兄弟，迈克和吉姆喜欢胡萝卜吗？考查助动词。句中动词是like,此处疑问句应用助动词，排除A/B选项，结合主语“your brothers, Mike and Jim” 可知，助动词应用do,应选C。7 .B【解析】句意：让我们吃沙拉吧。对不起，我不喜欢沙拉

26、。考查否认句。根据“Sorry, Ilike salad”可知此处表示不喜欢沙拉，主语是I,变否认句时借助助动词donk 应选B。8 .D【解析】句意：为什么你妈妈喜欢烹饪？考查助动词。根据“Whyyour mother like cooking?”可知，该句为特殊疑问句，句中含有实义动词原形“like”, 因此此处要用助动词；主语为“your mother”，助动词用does。应选D。9 .C【解析】句意：玛丽不会说汉语。考查一般疑问句的否认。句中含有实义动词speak,主语是第三人称单数，否认助动词用doesnt,应选C。10 .A【解析】句意：你妈妈是做什么的？ 她是一所学校的一名老师。

27、考查主谓一致。句子动词是do,此处应用助动词构成疑问句，主语是“your mother”，助动词用does,应选 Ao. B【解析】句意：这不是我的钥匙。这是他的钥匙。考查基本句型。根据后文“ItS his key.”可知前面是否认句，排除B和D选项。主系表结构，需有be动词作 系动词。应选B。11 . B【解析】句意：她是Sally吗？ 是的，她是。考查主谓一致及一般疑问句回答。主语是“she”，对应的be动词是is；排除C/D选项；yes后接肯定，应选Bo12 .C【解析】句意：莉莉和露西来自哪里？ 她们来自美国。考查be动词和人称代词用法。根据“Lily and Lucy”可知，此处指复

28、数，be动词用复数形式，故排除BD选 项。还是根据问句中的“Lily and Lucy”可知，答句中的人称应为“她们、指代莉莉和露西，即用人称代词They, 故排除A。应选C。13 .A【解析】句意： 他的 是53817794吗？ 不，不是。考查一般疑问句和回答。主语是单数名词“his tel印hone”，be动词应用is,排除B/C选项；回答中no后接否 定形式，应选A。14 . B【解析】句意：梅梅有一张大嘴巴吗？是的，她有。考查一般疑问句及回答。根据“Meimei have a wide mouth?”可知，该句为一般疑问句，主语“Meimei”为第 三人称单数，助动词要用does；再根

29、据“Yes”可知，此处要进行肯定回答，肯定回答用Yes,主语+does.。故 选B。15 .C【解析】句意：我的家庭非常大。考查be动词和主谓一致。family家庭；家人。作“家庭”讲时为单数，be动词用is；作“家人”讲时为复数， be动词用are。根据“My familyvery big.”可知I,此处表示有一个大家庭，应用is。应选C。16 . A【解析】句意：他在哪里工作？ 他在一个农场工作。考查时态和助动词。问句中动词是work,疑问句用助动词，主语是he,助动词用does,排除B、C选项； 第二空主语是he,动词用三单形式，应选A。18.D【解析】句意：你弟弟有一个棒球吗？ 是的，

30、 他有。考查一般疑问句的回答。根据“Does your brother have a baseball?”可知，该句为一般疑问句，肯定回答用Yes, 主语+does.,否认回答用No,主语+doesnt。结合选项，应选D。19. B【解析】句意：他们来自加拿大。考查主谓一致。主语是they复数形式，因此谓语动词用are,应选B。20. B【解析】句意：他们有大脚吗？ 不，他们没有。考查一般疑问句及回答。主语为“they”,且句中含有实义动词“have”，助动词要用do,排除CD；再根据“No”可知，要进行否认回答，应用主语+donk应选B。21. C【解析】句意：艾米没有一张长脸。考查否认句。

31、根据“Amya long face.”可知，此处表示艾米有/没有一张长脸，可排除A选项；主语“Amy”为第三人称单数，动词需用三单形式，可排除D选项；否认句助动词用doesnt,后接动词原形，可排除B 选项。应选C。22. A【解析】句意：每个学期，我们学校都会举行一次家长会。考查动词时态和be动词的用法。根据“Once a term”可知，此处是描述一个一般性情况，需用一般现在时,可排除CD选项；且“a parents9 meeting”是单数，be动词用is。应选Ao23. D【解析】句意：汤尝起来有点咸，没必要再加盐了。考查感官动词。looks看起来；smells闻起来;sounds 听

32、起来；tastes 尝起来。根据The soup.a little salty应选Do应选Do可知，汤尝起来有点咸，用感官动词tastes”。24. B【解析】句意：在我们学校的图书馆里,有许多关于艺术的书。书的数量还在越来越多。考查主谓一致。根据“a number of books”可知,表复数概念，故第一空填are。the number of表示的数量”，修饰主语，be动词用is,应选B。25.B【解析】句意：星期六和星期天都不行,因为这两天我会很忙。考查主谓一致。neither.nor遵循“就近原那么、be动词用离其最近的主语Sunday保持一致，故此空应填is,应选Bo26. B【解析

33、】句意:26. B【解析】句意:爸爸，晚饭吃什么？闻起来很香！我正在煮鸡汤。考查动词辨析。tastes尝起来；smells闻起来；looks看起来；feels感觉。根据“Dad, whafs for dinner?以及Im27. D【解析】句意:27. D【解析】句意:cooking chicken soup.”可知，正在煮鸡汤，应该是闻起来很香。应选B。乔，你能帮我去机场接我的朋友史蒂夫吗？ 很高兴。他长什么样？ 他中等身材，有一双小眼睛。考查动词。根据句意：乔，你能帮我去机场接我的朋友史蒂夫吗？很高兴。他长 什么样？他中等身材，有一双小眼睛。第一个空，结合语境他“是”中等身材，所以用系动词

34、is, of+名词相 当与形容词，应作be的表语；第二个空，他“有”一双小眼睛，主语是he第三人称单数形式，所以“有”用has； 故答案选D。28. C【解析】句意：草莓味道鲜美。你可以尝一尝。选项A的意思是吃，B是喝，C是尝起来，D是听 起来。题目中的主语是strawberries （草莓），delicious （美味的）是形容词，只有选项C和D这两个感官 动词后可以跟形容词，再加上句意的理解：草莓尝起来是美味的。所以答案选CoB【解析】句意：你看过电影“泰坦尼克号”吗？ -是的，其中的音乐听起来很棒。A.看起来很棒B.听起 来很棒C.摸起来很好，音乐只能“听起来很好”，应选B。点睛：此题主

35、要考察了感官系动词的用法，感官系动词主要有look, feel, smell, sound, taste,其后都加形容词 来说明主语的状况、性质等，分别表示“看起来，摸起来，闻起来，听起来，尝起来”。29. D【解析】句意：这块奶酪蛋糕闻起来很好所以我迫不及待要吃了它。选项A“尝起来”，选项B“摸起来。 选项C“听起来。选项D“闻起来:sothat”是“如此以至于。这里说蛋糕闻起来很香以至于我迫不及待 要吃，说明一开始并没有吃，只是闻了闻。应选D。点睛：此题是感官类系动词的考察，但只要对这类词的意义有着清晰的认识也能轻松破解。此题的关键在 “so .that”，既然是“以至于.就说明前面的动作

36、貌似对后面的“吃”产生了影响，所以前面没吃，不选taste（尝起来），选D。30. A【解析】考查连系动词词义辨析。A. taste“尝起来”;B. look“看起来”;C.sound听起来”;D.feel”感觉; 摸起来”。句意：这蛋糕 美味，我想再吃一块。根据cake是食物，应该是“尝起来”才行。应选A。 32.C【解析】句意：你觉得鱼汤怎么样？ 嗯，味道有点咸。考查连系动词辨析题。三个选项都是 连系动词：look看起来，smell闻起来，taste尝起来，后面都接形容词。根据问句和语境，可知选C。33. C【解析】句意：现在这个城市的人数是大约7百万。A. are是； B. has有；

37、C. is是；根据The number of做句子的主语时，看作是单数，所以谓语动词用单数形式，根据句意应是人口数是；故 选C点睛：动词be有三种形式am,is ,are,表达“是”第一人称单数用am,例如：I am a student.第二人称和复数用are, 例如：You are a good boy./You are students.第三人称单数和不可数名词用 is,例如：He is my son./Milk is white. 动词have、has意思是“有”，第一人称和第二人称和复数用have,例如:I have an apple.You have two apples.第 三人称

38、单数用has例如：Hehasthreeapples.34. C【解析】试题分析：句意：很多希望小学去年被建起来。 根据last year可知，此题用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，应选C。35. A【解析】句意：这的食物 闻起来不错，但是品尝起来怎么样?考查动词辨析。A.品尝；B.触摸；C.好像；D.感觉。根据句意语境，可知 BCD三项不合句意，应选A.36. C【解析】句意：据报道，中国研究人员于5月4日登顶珠穆朗玛峰。是的。他们还建立了世 界上最高的气象站。考查动词短语。took up 占据；gave up 放弃；set up 建议；used up 用完。根据“the worlds hi

39、ghest weather station. 可知，是建立气象站。应选C。37. D【解析】句意：我们需要一些志愿者来帮助我们社区的老人。我可以试一试吗？我在照顾老 人方面有丰富的经验。考查动词短语。looking for 寻找；waiting for 等待；asking for 要求；caring for 照顾。根据volunteers to help the old people”可知是指照顾老人，应选D。38. B【解析】句意：你为什么想当志愿者？ 我想我很像我妈妈。她总是帮助别人。考查动词短语辨析。take down记下；take after （长相、举止或性格）像；take in领会

40、；take off起飞。根据“She is always helping others.”可知此处指像妈妈亲一样总帮助别人。应选B。39. D【解析】句意：当你离开房间时，请记得关灯。考查动词短语辨析。put off推迟；cut off切断；take off起飞，脱下；turn off关闭。根据“the lights when you leave a room”可知，提醒离开房间时要关闭电灯。应选D。40. D【解析】句意：我听说我们学校上周成立了绘画俱乐部。我们要加入吗？ 好主意。走吧。考查动词短语。put up搭建；picked up捡起；taken up开始从事；set up建立。根据“

41、the Drawing Club”可知 是成立了绘画俱乐部，应选D。4LB【解析】句意：史密斯太太在中国住了二十年，所以她已经习惯吃中国菜了。考查动词短语辨析。look forward to 期待；get used to 习惯于;make a difference to 有影响；pay attention to 注意。根据“Mrs. Smith has lived in China for twenty years, so she has. Chinese food.”可知，在中国生活了二十 年，习惯了中国菜，应选B。42 . A【解析】句意：汤姆，你能整理一下你的房间吗？有点乱。对不起，妈妈

42、。我现在就去做。 考查动词短语辨析。tidy up整理；put up张贴；look up查阅；stay up熬夜。根据Its a bit of a mess ,”可知, 房间很乱，需要收拾，应选A。43 . B【解析】句意：外面很冷。你应该穿上你的毛衣。考查动词短语辨析。put up张贴；put on穿上；put off推迟；put down镇压。根据Its cold outside. You should . your sweater.”可知,此处指穿上毛衣，应选B。44. C【解析】句意:我们需要齐心协力，因为团队 合作非常重要。考查动词短语。run out用完，耗尽；go off （爆炸

43、装置）爆炸；pull together齐心协力，团结起来；pass by 路过。根据“teamwork is very important”可知，团队合作很重要，所以要齐心协力。应选C。45 .A【解析】句意：我们可以靠自己，因为我们已经足够大了。考查动词短语。depend on 依靠；work on 从事；get on 上车；put on 穿上。根据because we have already been old enough”可知岁数足够大了，可以依靠自己。应选A。46 .D【解析】句意：烹饪课可以帮助学生学会照顾自己。考查动词短语。take away 带走；look for 寻找；tak

44、e up 占用；look after 照顾。根据Cooking classes can help students”可知，学生学会烹饪后可以照顾自己。应选D。47 .B【解析】句意：听到父母来看他，张铭立刻冲了出去。考查动词短语。right now马上，现在，常用于现在或者将来时态；right away立刻，马上；all right好吧；right off毫不犹豫地。划线词“at once”与B选项意思相符。应选B。48. C【解析】句意：许多志愿者已经抵达上海帮助那里的病人。考查动词短语。reached to延伸到；reached in错误表达，当reach意为“到达”时，是及物动词，直接接

45、宾语, 不需跟介词；got to到达；got in （火车、公共汽车或飞机）到达。根据“arrived in Shanghai”可知，此处是到 达上海，可以用C选项“got to”替换。应选C。49. A【解析】句意：有报道称动物被用于野生动物旅游。这对人们来说不安全。考查动词短语。are used for被用于 ；are used from 一般不和from连用；used to过去常常；used by被 使用；根据“animalswildlife tourism. Its not safe for people.”可知，此处指的是“动物被用于野生动物旅游”， 应选AoC【解析】句意：年轻人可

46、以通过养宠物来了解如何照顾他人。考查动词短语辨析。depend on依靠；agree with同意；look after照顾；fall behind落后。根据Young people can understand how to. others by keeping pets”可知，通过照顾宠物来明白如何照顾别人，应选C。5LB【解析】句意：你这周末打算做什么？ 我打算把我的旧书清理掉，送给贫困地区的孩子们。考查动词短语。bring out 显现;clear out 清理；try out 试验;hang out 闲逛。根据my old books and give them away”可知要把旧

47、书清理出来，捐赠给孩子们。应选B。52 . B【解析】句意：我不知道“fetch”是什么意思。让我们在字典里查一下这个词。考查动词短语。look around 四处看；look up 查阅；look at 看着；look after 照顾。根据I dont know the meaning oUfetch可知，不知道单词的意思，所以要在字典里查这个词。应选B。53. C【解析】句意:山姆， 让我们把这些旧东西扔掉吧。我不再需要它们了。不。我们可以尝试充分利用它们。考查动词短语。Ex up 修理;hand out 分发；throw away 扔掉;pull down 拆掉。根据I dont ne

48、ed them anymore. 可知，不需要这些旧东西了，所以是要扔掉它们。应选C。53 .B【解析】句意：安妮，我想做一些汤。你现在可以把西红柿切碎吗？当然可以，我来了。考查动词短语辨析。cut off打断，切断；cut up切碎；cut down砍倒；cut out切断,关掉。根据I want to make some soup”可知，想做一些汤，所以需要把西红柿切碎。应选B。55. D【解析】句意：我去见朋友的时候，我总是尽量准时。考查同义词替换。set out 出发;turn down 拒绝；make a plan 计戈ij； make an effort 努力。try ones best 意为“尽动词+副词所构成的短语动词分及物的和不及物的两类Pleas