2022年高考英语真题完全解读（北京卷）（真题解读）.docx

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1、2022年高考英语真题深度解读（北京卷）2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（北京卷）英语本试卷共11页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。第一局部 知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每题15分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最正确选项，并在答题卡上 将该项涂黑。One Monday morning, while the children were enjoying free play”, I stepped to the doorway of the classroom to take a break. Suddenly, I 1 a

2、 movement of the heavy wooden door. This was the very door I2 guided the children through to ensure their safety from the bitter cold. I felt a chill （寒意）go through my body.My legs carried me to that door, and I pushed it open. It was one of my kindergarteners who I thought was3 that day. He had bee

3、n dropped off at school late and was 4 to open the door.He must have been waiting there for quite a while! Without a word, I rushed him to the hospital. He was treated fbr frostbite on his hands. Hed need time to 5, and wouldnt come for class the next day, Ithought.The next morning, one of the first

4、 to 6 was my little frostbitten boy. Not only did he run in with energy, but his 7 could be heard as loud as ever! I gave him a warm hug and told him how 8 I was to see him. His words have stayed with me all these years, “I knew you would open the door.That cold Monday morning, he waited a long, lon

5、g while for adults to 9, To a child, every minutefeels like forever. He didnt attempt to walk back home; he waited and trusted. This five-year-old taught me a powerful lesson in 10.1.A. causedB. spottedC. checkedD. imagined2. A. hesitantlyB. randomlyC. dizzilyD. carefully3. A. angryB. absentC. speci

6、alD. noisy4. A. courageousB. contentC. unableD. unwilling5. A. recoverB. playC.changeD. wait6. A. settleB. gatherC. arriveD. react细节理解题。根据 Waiting lists 局部“If a session is full, you can register for the waiting list.（如果课程满员， 您可以注册等待列表。）“可知，如果某一课程满员，可以注册等待列表。应选B。23. .【解析】细节理解题。根据 Deregistering 局部“If

7、you miss two PASS sessions in a row, you will be deregistered and your place will be given to someone on the waiting list.（如果您连续错过两次课程，您将被取消注册，你的位置将 分配给等待名单上的某个人。）“可知，如果学生连续错过两次课程，将被取消注册。应选D。BMy name is Alice. Early last year, I was troubled by an anxiety that crippled （肖U 弱）my ability to do anythin

8、g. I felt like a storm cloud hung over me. For almost a year I struggled on, constantly staring at this wall that faced me. My perfectionist tendencies were the main root of this: I wanted to be perfect at whatever I did, which obviously in life is not possible, but it consumed me.One day, I attende

9、d a presentation by wildlife conservationist Grant Brown at my high school. His presentation not only awed and inspired me, but also helped emerge an inner desire to make a difference in the world. I joined a pre-presentation dinner with him and that smaller setting allowed me to slowly build up my

10、courage to speak one-on-one with himan idea that had seemed completely impossible. This first contact was where my story began.A month later, Brown invited me to attend the World Youth Wildlife Conference. Looking back, I now see that this would be the first in a series of timely opportunities that

11、my old self would have let pass, but that this new and more confident Alice enthusiastically seized. Shortly after I received his invitation, applications to join the Youth for Nature and the Youth for Planet groups were sent around through my high school. I decided to commit to completing the appli

12、cations, and soon I was a part of a growing global team of young people working to protect nature. Each of these new steps continued to grow my confidence.I am writing this just six months since my journey began and Fve realised that my biggest obstacle （ 障碍 ） this whole time was myself. It was that

13、 voice in the back of my head telling me that one phrase that has stopped so many people from reaching their potential: I cant. They say good things come to those who wait; I say: grab every opportunity with everything you have and be impatient. After all, nature does not require our patience, but o

14、ur action.24. What was the main cause fbr Alices anxiety?A. Her inability to act her age.B. Her habit of consumption.C. Her desire to be perfect.D. Her lack of inspiration.25. How did Grant Browns presentation influence Alice?A. She decided to do something for nature.B. She tasted the sweetness of f

15、riendship.C. She learned about the harm of desire.D. She built up her courage to speak up.26. The activities Alice joined in helped her to become moreA. intelligentA. intelligentB. confidentC. innovativeD. critical27. What can we learn from this passage?A. Practice makes perfect.B. Patience is a cur

16、e of anxiety.语篇解读主旨概要这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者通过参加保护自然活动治愈好了自己的焦虑。原文出处 s:/coalitionwild.org/how-nature-changed-my-life/语言知识重点词汇1. anxiety n.焦虑，忧虑；令人焦虑的事2. constantly或/艮总是，经常地，不断地3. perfectionist n.完美主义者，追求完美的人4. tendency n.经常性行为，偏好；趋势，趋向5. obviously adv.（用于强调）显然，显而易见；明显地6. consume v.消耗，消费；吃，喝7. consumption n

17、.消费，消耗；食用，引用8. presentation n.（颁奖等）仪式,典礼;授予，颁发9. conservationist n.（自然环境、野生动植物等）保护主义者10. emerge v.浮现，出现；显露，知悉11. pre-presentation作品制作前期演示12. one-on-one adj. 一对一的；直接对立的13. contact n.联系，联络；接触，触摸14. timely adj.及时的，适时的15. enthusiastically adv.热心地，满腔热情地C. Action is worrys worst enemy.D. Everything comes

18、to those who wait.15. seize v.抓住，捉住；（用武力）夺取，占领16. application n.正式申请，书面申请；申请书，申请表；敷用，涂抹；应用17. potential adj.潜在的，可能的几（事物的）潜力，可能性；18. grab攫取,抓住19. inability n.无能,无力，不能重点短语1. stare at凝视,盯住2. make a difference有影响，有关系3. a series of 一系列的;一连串的4. commit to交付,把投入；把置于5. build up增进;加强长难句分析Looking back, I now s

19、ee that this would be the first in a series of timely opportunities that my old self would have let pass, but that this new and more confident Alice enthusiastically seized.回首往事，我现在看到这将是一系列及时机会中的第一个，旧的自我将会放过它，但这个新 的、更自信的爱丽丝热情地抓住了。【答案】24. C 25. A 26. B 27. C【解题导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者通过参加保护自然活动治愈好了自己的焦虑。2

20、4【解析】细节理解题。由文章第段My perfectionist tendencies were the main root of this: I wanted to be perfect at whatever I did, which obviously in life is not possible, but it consumed me.（我的完美主义倾向是这一点的主要 根源：无论我做什么，我都想做到完美，这在生活中显然是不可能的，但它消耗了我。）”可知，是要求完美 导致了焦虑。应选C项。25 .【解析】细节理解题。由文章第二段One day, I attended a present

21、ation by wildlife conservationist Grant Brown at my high school. His presentation not only awed and inspired me, but also helped emerge an inner desire to make a difference in the world.（一天，我在高中参加了野生动物保护主义者Grant Brown的演讲。他的演讲不仅让我 感到敬畏和鼓舞，还帮助我产生了一种内在的愿望，希望在世界上有所作为。广和文章第三段“Shortlyafter I received his

22、invitation, applications to join the Youth for Nature and the Youth for Planet groups were sent around through my high school. I decided to commit to completing the applications, and soon I was a part of a growing global team of young people working to protect nature.（在我收到|他的邀请后不久，我的高中就收到了加入“Youth f

23、or Nature”和“Youth for Plane”组织的申请。我决定致力于完成这些申请，很快我就成为了一个日益壮 大的全球年轻人保护自然团队的一员。广可知，是Grant Brown让作者开始为从事保护自然地活动中。应选 A项。26 .【解析】细节理解题。由文章第三段I decided to commit to completing the applications, and soon I was a part of a growing global team of young people working to protect nature. Each of these new step

24、s continued to grow my confidence.（我决定完成申请，很快我就成为了一个不断壮大的全球年轻人保护自然团队的一员。每一步都 让我更加自信。户可知，Alice加入这些活动让她变得更自信了。应选B项。27 .【解析】推理判断题。由第一段“Early last year, I was troubled by an anxiety that crippled （削弱）my ability to do anything. I felt like a storm cloud hung over me.”（去年年初，我被一种焦虑困扰，它削弱了我做任何事情的能 力 o） 由文章第

25、三段“I decided to commit to completing the applications, and soon I was a part of a growing global team of young people working to protect nature. Each of these new steps continued to grow my confidence.（我决定 完成申请，很快我就成为了一个不断壮大的全球年轻人保护自然团队的一员。每一步都让我更加自信。）可 知，文章主要讲述作者通过参加保护自然活动治愈好了自己的焦虑。所以从文章中我们能学到行动是忧虑

26、 最大的敌人。应选c项。C“What would the world be if there were no hunger? Its a question that Professor Crystal would ask her students. They found it hard to answer, she wrote later, because imagining something that isnt part of real life-and learning how to make it real-is a rare skill. It is taught to artist

27、s and engineers, but much less often to scientists. Crystal set out to change that, and helped to create a global movement. The result-an approach known as systems thinking-is now seen as essential in meeting global challenges.Systems thinking is crucial to achieving targets such as zero hunger and

28、better nutrition because it requires considering the way in which food is produced, processed, delivered and consumed, and looking at how those things intersect （交叉 ）with human health, the environment, economics and society. According to systems thinking, changing the food system-or any other networ

29、k-requires three things to happen. First, researchers need to identify all the players in that system; second, they must work out how they relate to each other; and third, they need to understand and quantify the impact of those relationships on each other and on those outside the system.Take nutrit

30、ion. In the latest UN report on global food security, the number of undernourished （营养不良 ）people in the world has been rising, despite great advances in nutrition science. Tracking of 150 biochemicals in food has been important in revealing the relationships between calories, sugar, fat and the occu

31、rrence of common diseases. But using machine learning and artificial intelligence, some scientists propose that human diets consist of at least 26,000 biochemicals-and that the vast majority are not known.This shows that we have some way to travel before achieving the first objective of systems thin

32、king - which,in this example, is to identify more constituent parts of the nutrition system.A systems approach to creating change is also built on the assumption that everyone in the system has equal power. But as some researchers find, the food system is not an equal one. A good way to redress （/殄正

33、）such power imbalance is for more universities to do what Crystal did and teach students how to think using a systems approach.More researchers, policy makers and representatives from the food industry must learn to look beyond their direct lines of responsibility and adopt a systems approach. Cryst

34、al knew that visions alone dont produce results, but concluded that well never produce results that we cant envision”.28 . The author uses the question underlined in Paragraph 1 to.A. illustrate an argumentB. highlight an opinionC. introduce the topicD. predict the ending29 . What can be inferred ab

35、out the field of nutrition?A. The first objective of systems thinking hasnt been achieved.B. The relationships among players have been clarified.C. Machine learning can solve the nutrition problem.D. The impact of nutrition cannot be quantified.30 . As for systems thinking, which would the author ag

36、ree with?A. It may be used to justify power imbalance.B. It can be applied to tackle challenges.C. It helps to prove why hunger exists.D. It goes beyond human imagination.语篇解读主旨概要这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了解决全球挑战的重要方法系统思维。原文出处百科知识系统思维是原那么性与灵活性有机结合的基本思维方式。只有系统思维，才能抓住整体，抓住 要害，才能不失原那么地采取灵活有效的方法处置事务。客观事物是多方面相互联系、开展

37、变 化的有机整体。系统思维就是人们运用系统观点，把对象的互相联系的各个方面及其结构和 功能进行系统认识的一种思维方法。整体性原那么是系统思维方式的核心。这一原那么要求人们 无论干什么事都要立足整体，从整体与局部、整体与环境的相互作用过程来认识和把握整体。 领导者思考和处理问题的时候，必须从整体出发，把着眼点放在全局上，注重整体效益和整 体结果。只要合于整体、全局的利益，就可以充分利用灵活的方法来处置。重点词汇语言知识1. approach v.靠近，临近；接洽，交谈；对付，处理；近似，接近于2. essential adj.必不可少的,非常重要的；基本的必必不可少的东西，必需品；要素3. cr

38、ucial adj.至关重要的，决定性的4. achieve v.（经努力）到达，取得，实现；获得成功5. target n.目标，指标6. nutrition n.营养，滋养；营养学；食物，营养物7. require v.需要；要求做（某事），规定8. process v.（用化学物品或机器）处理，加工9. economics n.经济学；经济情况；经济体制10. identify v.认出，识别；查明，确认；发现11. quantify e测定的数量，用数量表示12. impact 71.撞击，冲击力；巨大影响，强大作用v.冲击，撞击；（对）产生影响13. despite prep.尽管，

39、即使14. track .小道，小径；踪迹，足迹，车辙15. biochemical adj.生物化学的n.生物化学物质16. reveal v.揭示，透露；说明，证明17. calorie n.卡（路里）（热量单位）18. occurrence n.发生的事，事件；发生，出现19. propose v.提议，建议20. majority n,大多数； 英多数票；成年的法定年龄；多数党；。力.多数人的21. objective n.目的；目标22. constituent n.成分23. assumption .假定；设想；担任；采取24. imbalance n.不平衡；不安定25. pol

40、icy maker n.政策制定者；决策人26. representative adj.典型的，有代表性的儿代表；典型；众议员；销售代表；27. vision n.视力；眼力；幻象；美景；想象力28. conclude vt.结束；推断;决定,作结论29. envision vt.想像，展望30. illustrate vt.给加插图 说明，说明；说明31. justify vt.证明有理；为辩护32. tackle vt.解决;应付重点短语1. consist of 由组成2. according to prep.按照,取决于长难句分析This shows that we have some

41、 way to travel before achieving the first objective of systems thinking - which,in this example, is to identify more constituent parts of the nutrition system.这说明，在实现系统思考的第一个目标之前，我们还有一段路要走一一在这个例子中，就是 识别营养系统的更多组成局部。【答案】28. C 29. A 30. B【解题导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了解决全球挑战的重要方法系统思维。28. .【解析】推理判断题。由文章第一段“What w

42、ould the world be if there were no hunger? Its a question that Professor Crystal would ask her students. They found it hard to answer, she wrote later, because imagining something that isnt part of real lifeand learning how to make it realis a rare skill. It is taught to artists and engineers, but m

43、uch less often to scientists. Crystal set out to change that, and helped to create a global movement. The resultan approach known as systems thinkingis now seen as essential in meeting global challenges.(如果没有饥饿， 世 界会是什么样子？“这是Crystal教授会问学生的问题。她后来写道，他们发现很难回答这个问题，因为想 象一些不属于现实生活的东西，并学习如何将其变成现实是一项罕见的技能。它

44、被教授给艺术家和工程师， 但很少教授给科学家。Crystal着手改变这种状况，并帮助创立了一个全球运动。结果，一种被称为系统思 维的方法现在被视为应对全球挑战的关键。厂可知，文章开头提出问题是为了引出话题-系统思维的方法被 视为应对全球挑战的关键。应选C项。29. 【解析】细节理解题。由文章第三段“This shows that we have some way to travel before achieving the first objective of systems t hinking - which,in this example, is to identify more cons

45、tituent parts of the nutrition system.（这说明，在 实现系统思考的第一个目标之前，我们还有一段路要走在本例中，这是为了确定营养系统的更多组成 局部。户可知，实现系统思维的第一个目标还有一段路需要走，现尚未实现。应选A项。30. 【解析】推理判断题。由文章第一段Crystal set out to change that, and helped to create a global movement. The result-an approach known as systems thinking-is now seen as essential in me

46、eting global challenges.（Crystal 着 手改变这种状况，并帮助创立了一个全球运动。结果，一种被称为系统思维的方法现在被视为应对全球挑 战的关键。广可知，作者认为该系统能应用于解决挑战。应选B项。DQuantum （ 量子 ）computers have been on my mind a lot lately. A friend has been sending me articles on how quantum computers might help solve some of the biggest challenges we face as humans

47、. Ive also had exchanges with two quantum-computing experts. One is computer scientist Chris Johnson who I see as someone who helps keep the field honest. The other is physicist Philip Taylor.For decades, quantum computing has been little more than a laboratory curiosity. Now, big tech companies hav

48、e invested in quantum computing, as have many smaller ones. According to Business Weekly, quantum machines could help us “cure cancer, and even take steps to turn climate change in the opposite direction. This is the sort of hype （炒作 ）that annoys Johnson. He worries that researchers are making promises they cant keep. “Whats new,“ Johnson wrote, “is that millions of dollars are now potentially available to quantum computing researchers.A