山东省德州市2022-2023学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题（解析版）.docx

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1、高中线上教学自测自评卷（英语）本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。 注意事项：1 .答第I卷前考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2 .选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改 动,用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号框。3 .全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在试卷上无效。第I卷（满分65分）第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2. 5分,满分37. 5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AThis years favorite books offer a mixture of adv

2、ice on how to create a happier and more compassionate society through shifting our worldview and improving our social interactions.BittersweetWriter Susan Cain describes bittersweet feelings as “a tendency to states of longing and sorrow and a curious joy at the beauty of the world”. Embracing these

3、 emotions can make our lives more meaningful. Such feelings can create motivation to reach a renewed sense of purpose. While sometimes unpleasant, they can spur spiritual growth and foster our connection with others.Platonic*Friendships arc wrongly undervalued in our society,“ writes psychologist Ma

4、risa Franco. Its friendships that provide us with a great sense of belonging and happiness. Her book shows us how to go about it-by reaching out, offering affection and generosity. Franco gives practical guidance on how to manage psychological blocks to friendship, paving the way to deeper relations

5、hips.Happier HourMany people feel they dont have enough hours to do everything theyd like to do. But researcher Cassie Holmes shows why this attitude is wrong-headed. She encourages us to evaluate our current use of free time and how much pleasure we get from our activities. Then, she offers evidenc

6、e-based tips on how to use time more wiselyby lessening technology use, developing relationships and experiencing gratitude.The Secret Life of SecretsIs keeping a secret a bad thing? In professor Michael Slcpians book, “People dont like to be alone with their thoughts, and having a secret can cause

7、feelings of isolation and uncertainty.”【17题详解】根据上文“Plants need sunlight, water and nutrients to grow.（植物生长需要阳光、水和养分）” 以及后文 “But the basis of hydroponics is rooted in growing the food in nutrient-enriched water.（但水培法的基础是在营养丰富的水中种植食物）”可知，本句是在说明植物生长获取 养分的条件，后文提到了水培法，故本句是在说明一般做法。故A选项“一般来说，植物 从土壤中获取养分”符合

8、语境，且与下文的Bui形成转折，故选A。【18题详解】根据上文A variety of different foods can be grown in a hydroponic garden.（在水培花园中可 以种植各种不同的食物）”以及后文 “Similar io what you can grow in a backyard hanging garden, the more popular vegetables grown in hydroponics include leafy greens and lettuces（生 菜）.However, more complex systems

9、can produce fruiting vegetables such as tomatoes, cucumbers, peppers and more.（类似于你可以在后院的空中花园中种植的蔬菜，更受欢迎的水 培蔬菜包括绿叶蔬菜和生菜。然而，更复杂的系统可以生产出结果蔬菜，如西红柿、黄 瓜、辣椒等）”可知，本句主要是关于水培花园种植作物的说明，故B选项“水培花园能提 供什么产品？ ”符合语境，故选B。【19题详解】根据后文 “In addition to being able to grow food without soil and in small spaces, hydroponic

10、 gardening can contribute to solving social and environmental issues. In regions where people dont have access to fresh vegetables, a hydroponic garden can be part of the solution. Hydroponic plants can grow 40% to 50% faster and produce 30% more than the plants growing in soil.（除 能 够在无土壤和小空间种植食物外，水

11、培园艺还有助于解决社会和环境问题。在人们无法获 得新鲜蔬菜的地区，水培花园可以成为解决方案的一部分。水培植物比在土壤中生长的植 物生长速度快40%到50%,产量多30%）”可知，本段主要介绍了水培花园的好处。故C 选项“水培花园的好处是什么？ 符合语境，故选C。【20题详解】根据上文 M Hydroponic plants can grow 40% to 50% faster and produce 30% more than the plants growing in soil.（水培植物比在土壤中生长的植物生长速度快40%至lj 50%,产量多 30%）”可知，上文提到水培种植的植物速度更

12、快，即可以在更短的时间内种植更多的农产 品。故F选项“你可以在更短的时间内种植更多的农产品”符合语境，故选F。第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的 最佳选项。Didga is exceptional. I have three other cats, and she is by far the most 21. In2017, Didga performed record-breaking 24 different 22 in under a minute, whi

13、ch got her into the Guinness World Records. She has surpassed all my 23 and helped me leach other people how to get the best out of their cats.I opened my own animal-training business when I thought about getting a cal everyone said cats cant be trained, but I wanted to 24 them wrong. People would b

14、e amazed at how 25 time is required to teach your pet quite extraordinary things.I started searching for potential kittens to adopt. I went to a 26. and I met Didga.The lady there said, Shes really 27 to get your attention. I adopted her and never looked back.Didga knows a handful of tricks that too

15、k over a year to leam. Its an incredible 28 when a cat docs a trick Ive been trying to teach fbr so long. As a trainer, I understand the preparation, the 29. and how to break everything down into baby steps.30,you wouldn,t be able to train a cat if they didnt want it, and Id never 3one beyondits com

16、fort zone. If Didga doesnt like it, I stop or go in a 32 direction.I started a You Tube channel to teach people to have a better relationship with their cats. People are fascinated when they see my skateboarding cat, and very few are 33.Didga has changed my life. She has taken me to levels I would n

17、ever have 34. I wonthe lotto, so to speak,35 a cat like Didga.21. A. confidentB. advancedC. familiarD. talented22. A. gesturesB. tricksC. jokesD. dances23. A. experimentsB. challengesC. predictionsD.instructions24. A. proveB. describeC.changeD. discover25. A. extraB. toughC. preciousD. little26. A.

18、villageB. hospitalC. squareD. shelter27. A. tryingB. meaningC. pretendingD.promising28. A. reliefB. principleC. growthD. feeling29. A. awarenessB. patienceC. admissionD.responsibility30. A. ThereforeB. InsteadC. BesidesD.Somehow31.A. pushB. persuadeC. warnD. allow32. A. wiseB. standardC. differentD.

19、 safe33. A. puzzledB. negativeC. bearableD. cautious34. A. taken upB. dreamed ofC. stuck toD.checkedout35. A. findingB. recognizingC. followingD.managing【答案】21. D22. B 23. C 24. A 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. D 29. B30. C 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. B 35. D【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者收养并教会小猫Didga很多技巧，证明“猫不能 训练”这一说法是错误

20、的。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我还有三只猫，她是目前为止最有天赋的一只。A. confident 自信的;B. advanced先进的；C.信miliar熟悉的;D. talented有天资的。根据下文“In 2017, Didga performed record-breaking 24 different 2 in under a minute, which gother into (he Guinness World Records. ”可知,Didga因为表演打破了吉尼斯世界纪录,说明 它很有天赋。故选D项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：2017年，Didga在一

21、分钟内表演了 24种不同的技巧，打破了吉 尼斯世界纪录。A. gestures手势；B. tricks技巧；C. jokes笑话；D. dances舞蹈。根据第三 段中 “ Didga knows a handful of tricks that took over a year to learn.M 可知，Didga 表演的是它 学到的技巧。故选B项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她超越了我所有的预测，并帮助我教会其他人如何让他们的猫 发挥最大的作用。A. experiments 实验；B. challenges 挑战;C. predictions 预测;D.instructions

22、 指令。根据上文 “got her into the Guinness World Records.w 和句中 usurpassed 可推知，Didga太优秀，超越了作者的预测。故选C项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我想养只猫的时候，我开了自己的动物训练公司每个人 都说猫不能训练,但我想证明他们错了。A. prove证实;B. describe描述；C. change改 变；D. discover 发现。根据上文 “everyone said cats cant be trained” 和句中them wrong” 可推知，作者想要证明人们对猫的认知是错了。故选A项。【25题详解】

23、考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人们会惊讶地发现，教会你的宠物一些非凡的事情需要多少 额外的时间。A. extra额外的;B. tough坚韧的;C. precious珍贵的；D. little 点儿。根据 下文 “ Its an incredible 8 when a cat does a trick Ive been trying to teach fbr so long.可知,作者教Didga花了很多时间。故选A项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我去了动物收容所，遇到了迪加。A. village乡村；B. hospital 医院；C. square正方形;D. shelter（人或动物

24、）收容所。根据上文”【started searching for potential kittens to adopt.可推知，要收养动物会去动物收容所。故选D项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:她真的是想引起你的注意。A. trying试图;B. meaning意味 着；C. pretending 假装;D. promising 承诺。根据句中“to get your attention” 可知，Didga 想要引起作者的注意。故选A项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当一只猫表演了我一直想教的把戏，这让人感觉不可思议。A. relief 缓解;B. principle 准则；C

25、. growth 成长；D. feeling 感觉。根据上文 “look over a year to learnw 和句中 aTve been trying to teach for so longw 可知,作者教了 Didga 很长时间，所 以，终于成功后感觉不可思议。故选D项。【29题详解】考杳名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名培训师，我明白需要什么准备工作、耐心，以及如何 将一切分解成婴儿步骤。A. awareness意识;B. patience耐心；C. admission承认;D.responsibility 责任。根据上文 “Ive been trying to teach for s

26、o long” 可知,作者花了很长时 间教Didga,所以他知道需要耐心。故选B项。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，如果一只猫不愿意，你就无法训练它，所以我从来不会 强迫一只猫离开它的舒适区。A. Therefore因此;B. Instead代替；C. Besides此外;D. Somehow以某种方式。上文讲调教猫的方法，下文Uyou wouldnt be able to train a cat if they didnt want it”仍然是讲如何调教猫,上下文是并列关系,用副词besides,符合语境。 故选C项。31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，如果一只猫不愿意，

27、你就无法训练它，所以我从来不会 强迫一只猫离开它的舒适区。A. push强迫；B. persuade说服：C. warn警告：D. allow允 许。根据上文“you wouldnU be able to train a cat if they didnt want it 和下文“If Didga doesnt like it, I stop可知，如果猫不愿意，你就无法训练它，所以作者会停下来，不会强 迫猫离开它的舒适区。故选A项。【32题详解】考杳形容词词义辨析。句意：如果Didga不喜欢，我就会停下来，或者换个方向。A. wise 明智的；B. standard标准;C. differen

28、t不同的；D. safe安全的。根据选择连词oi”和 “direction”可知,当猫不愿意训练时，除了停下训练,还有其它不同的方法。故选C项。【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当人们看到我的猫玩滑板时，他们很着迷，很少有人否定 它。A. puzzled困惑的;B. negative否定的,消极的；C. bearable可忍受的;D. cautious谨 慎的o 根据上文 “I started a You Tube channel to teach people to have a better relationship with their cats”可知，作者在You Tube上教

29、人们如何和猫建立更好的关系，所以当他们看到作 者的猫玩滑板时，没人否定他的猫和他的做法。故选B项。【34题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她把我带到了我从未梦想过的高度。A. taken up开始从事；B. dreamed of 梦想;C. stuck to 坚持;D. checked out 结账离开。根据上文 “Didga has changed my life.”可知，Didga改变了作者的生活，把作者带到了从未梦想过的高度。故选B项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：可以说，调教一只像Didga这样的猫，就像我中了乐透奖。A. finding 发现;B. recognizing 认识

30、;C. following 跟随;D. managing 调教(人或动物)。根据 上文可知，作者训练了 Didga,并且改变了自己的生活。故选D项。第n卷(满分55分)第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第二节(共1()小题海小题1. 5分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Confucius Family Mansion (Kong Fu), known as the mansion of poetry and etiquette”, is as well famous for its excellent cuisine. One of t

31、he dishes uses the ginkgo (银杏)fruits in the mansion 36 the ingredients. Two ginkgo trees in the mansion, though 37 (plant) more than one thousand years ago, remain lush, tall and strong. The fruits are big in size and full,38 (emit) scents. The chefs just take the ginkgo fruits off the trees and rem

32、ove the peel39 the fruits are still fresh. Then, they put the nuts into the boiling water for a short while 4() (remove) the off-smell. When the nuts arc crispy and tender, they put them into a special juice made of sugar and honey, a dish thus being made, 41 tastes soft and exceptionally sweet.The

33、dish was 42 (initial) named as Honey Ginkgo Nuts”，which people didnt think presentable and 43 (accept). Since the ginkgo fruits were from the “mansion of poetry and etiquette, this dish 44 (rename) “Ginkgo Nuts of Poetry and Etiquette”, which carried profound meanings, not only remembering the “Fami

34、ly Education of Poetry and Etiquette from the ancestor, but also expressing the 45 (expect) that the Kong family will become more prosperous.【答案】36. as 37. plantedemitting38. while#whento remove39. which 42. initiallyacceptable43. was renamedexpectation【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了菜肴“诗礼银杏果”的来历。【36题详解】考查介词。句意

35、：其中一道菜用的是府邸里的银杏果作为食材。根据句意，表示用银杏果 “作为”食材，应用介词as,其意为“作为，当”。故填as。【37题详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：府邸内的两棵银杏树，虽然是一千多年前种下的，但依然郁 郁葱葱，高大挺拔。在 when, while, if, as if, though(或 although), as, until, once, whether, unless, where等连接的状语从句中，常省略跟主句相同的主语和从句中的be动词。分析句 子同一知，“though 2 (plani) more than one thousand years ago” 是让步状语

36、从句，完整的 表达是“though Two ginkgo trees were planted more than one thousand years ago，符合状语 从句的省略条件，省略“Two ginkgo trees were”后，保留过去分词planted。故填planted。【38题详解】考杳非谓语动词。句意：果实大而饱满，散发着香味。分析句子可知，(emit)scenls”作 伴随状语，emit是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语The fruits之间是主动关系，应用现在分词， 表示主动和同时发生。故填emitting。【39题详解】考查状语从句。句意：厨师们只是把银杏果实从树上摘下来

37、，在果实还新鲜的时候去皮。 根据句意可知，“the fruits arc still fresh ”是时间状语从句，用从属连词while或when引导 该从句，表示“当的时候。故填while或when。【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：然后，他们把坚果放入沸水中煮一会儿，以去除异味。根据句意 可知，”(remove) the off-smell”是把坚果放入沸水中煮的目的，应用不定式，作目的状 语。故填 to remove ,【41题详解】考查定语从句。句意：当坚果变得又脆又嫩的时候，他们就把它们放进一种由糖和蜂蜜制 成的特殊果汁里，这样就做成了一道菜，吃起来软软的，特别甜。分析句子可知，空

38、格处 为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词adish,指物，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主 语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。【42题详解】考查副词。句意：这道菜最初被命名为“蜂蜜银杏坚果”，人们认为这个名字不好看，也 不能接受。提示词修饰谓语动词was named,应用副词initially,作状语，意为“最初”。 故填 initiallyo【43题详解】考查形容词。句意：这道菜最初被命名为“蜂蜜银杏坚果”，人们认为这个名字不好看， 也不能接受。提示词与形容词presentable是并列关系，作宾语补足语，应用形容词 acceptable,意为“可接受的。故填 acceptable

39、。【44题详解】考查动词语态。句意：由于银杏果实来自“诗礼府邸”，这道菜被改名为“诗礼银杏 果”，寓意深刻，既缅怀祖先的“诗礼家训”，又表达了对孔氏家业兴旺的期待。分析句 子可知，rename（重新命名，改名）是主句中谓语动词，与主语this dish之间是被动关系，根 据上下文可知，讲述过去的事情，应使用一般过去时态，又因主语是单数名词，所以谓语 动词也应使用单数形式。故填was renamed o【45题详解】考查名词。句意：由于银杏果实来自“诗礼府邸”，这道菜被改名为“诗礼银杏果”，寓 意深刻，既缅怀祖先的“诗礼家训”，又表达了对孔氏家业兴旺的期待。根据句意和空前 冠词the可知，应用名

40、词expectation,作宾语，意为“期待”。故填expectation。第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节应用文写作（满分15分）46.假定你是李华，在生日前夕收到英国笔友George的祝福邮件。请你给George写-封回 信。内容包括：1 .表达感谢；.分享生日愿望；2 .邀请他线上参加生口聚会。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dear George,Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear George,I really appreciate all the wonderful wishes from you because you can

41、 still remember me and my birthday. I feel so happy that I have to express my grateful feeling for your sincere love and blessings.On my previous birthdays, my mother bought me a big birthday cake and cooked delicious food, as well as invited my friends to my house. We sang songs and played the whol

42、e night. But this year I only hope that all the people around me are safe and sound, with everything going smoothly. And most importantly, I do hope that the epidemic of COVID-19 can come to an end as early as possible.This Sunday is my birthday. Because of the epidemic, I decided to hold an online

43、birthday party which would begin at seven oclock p.m. Be sure to conic to my special birthday party.Yours,Li Hua 【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给George写一封回信感谢他的生日祝福，并 和他分享生日愿望，邀请他线上参加生日聚会。【详解】1 .词汇积累安然无恙：safe and sound nice and healthy 进展顺利：go smoothly* work out well 结束：come to an end一 be over由于：because of

44、 due to2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句： Because of the epidemic, I decided to hold an online birthday party which would begin at seven oclock p.m.转换句： Due to the epidemic, I decided to hold an online birthday party which would begin at seven oclock p.m.【点睛【高分句型 1 But this year I only hope that all the people around

45、 me are safe and sound, with everything going smoothly.（运用了 with 复合结构做伴随状语）高分句型 2 Because of the epidemic, I decided to hold an online birthday party which would begin at seven oclock p.m.（运用了 which 引导的定语从句） 第二节读后续写（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使其构成一篇完整的短文。It was the worst day ever. In fact, th

46、ats what we named it, all caps:WORST DAY EVER. The exact date was March 19, 2007, and Ill never forget it.The day began as usual. My husband, Alan, a manager working for a national restaurant chain, entered his office in our home to participate in conference calls. From my spot in the kitchen, I cou

47、ld overhear his conversation with his boss. 1（ turned out that my fears were confirmed. Alans position had been dismissed. I hugged my husband as my heart sank. What were we going to do? Would we lose our house if we couldnt aflbrd to pay our mortgage（按揭贷 款）?Well be fine, “he said . ”I know, “I resp

48、onded . But, frankly, neither of us was very convincing.I wanted to crawl back in bed and pull the covers over my head, but I had to go to work. So. I quickly showered, dressed, and made my way to work. It was a few hours into my shift when I received a call from the doctors office. t4You have cancer, “he stated. uWhat?,It sounded like something completely ridiculous, since I was a positive and healthy runner. That day I forgot how I arrived home.1 thought about