2022-2023学年河南省洛阳市孟津第一高级中学高一(上)期末英语试卷(A卷)(附答案详解).docx
《2022-2023学年河南省洛阳市孟津第一高级中学高一(上)期末英语试卷(A卷)(附答案详解).docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《2022-2023学年河南省洛阳市孟津第一高级中学高一(上)期末英语试卷(A卷)(附答案详解).docx(19页珍藏版)》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。
1、2022-2023学年河南省洛阳市孟津第一高级中学高一(上)期末英语试卷(A卷)AAbsolutely Unputdownable Books You Have to Read Flowers for AlgernonDaniel KeyesIf youre seeking a pleasant read, try this short story by Daniel Keyes.Hell show you how a person feels going from a simple cleaner at a bakery, whose IQ is less than 60, to a gen
2、ius and the most intelligent person on the planet.In a situation like this, is it possible to overcome your fears and cope with loneliness? Keyes offers his answer to this question.Orphans of the Sky Robert A.HeinleinA giant generation ship is sailing without guidance through the depths of the unive
3、rse.Its passengers have long forgotten the outside world and believed in a pre-technological culture marked by superstition (迷 信).This novel has brought Heinlein wide recognition, and will grasp you tight and wont let you go for months (or even years) afterward. Are we, the digital generation, diffe
4、rent from the passengers of that imaginary spaceship?95 Pounds of Hope Anna GavaldaAdapted from the authors own experience, this story is about the main things in life: choices we make, the power of love and devotion.The story of a thirteen-year-old boy who one day has to gather all his strength and
5、 courage and take a step towards adulthood proves once again that dreams do come true.After all, no matter how many pounds we have, were all trying not to lose hope.A Certain Smile Francoise Sagan If you dont enjoy thrillers or sci-fi and stories about dragon-riding detectives, if youre longing for
6、something emotional, slow and gentle, this beautiful little book by Francoise Sagan is just what you need.Strongly recommended by psychological doctors, its a pleasant exception among traditional romance novels: youH find all of the advantages of high-quality literature here.And yes, its a real page
7、-turner.1. What kind of book is Orphans of the Sky ? A. A science fiction.B. A historical novel.C. A detective story.D. A fairy tale.答案和解析13.【答案】A、C、D解析】(1) A.推理判断题。根据 Orphans of the Sky 部分的 A giant generation ship is sailing without guidance through the depths of the universe.Its passengers have lo
8、ng forgotten the outside world and believed in a pre-technological culture marked by superstition (迷信).(艘新代的巨轮正在宇 宙深处航行,没有任何指引。它的乘客早已忘记了外面的世界,相信以迷信为标志的前科技文化) 推知,Orphans of the Sky是一本科幻小说。故选A(2) C.细节理解题。根据 95 Pounds of Hope 部分的 Adapted from the authors own experience (改 编自作者的亲身经历)”可知,这本书的特别之处是它改编自作者的
9、亲身经历,即基于一个真实的 故事。故选C。(3) D.细节理解题。根据最后一段Strongly recommended by psychological doctors (心理医生强 烈推荐)可知,小说A Certain Smile被心理医生大力推荐。由此可推知,A Certain Smile是精神 疾病患者们的最佳选择。故选D。这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本让读者爱不释手的书。做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语 句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案。切忌胡乱猜测,一定要做到有理有据。47.【答案】B、A、A、B【解析】(1)数字计算题。
10、The 2020 season was supposed to be Flachs last chance to compete in the heptathlon, the sport that developed into her enthusiasm over the past decade. (2020 赛 季本应是弗拉赫参加七项全能比赛的最后一次机会,这项运动在过去十年中逐渐激发了她的热情。) 及第四段第一句 When the spread of COVID-19 forced the postponement (延迟)of the Tokyo Games and cast doub
11、t on whether they would ever happen, Flach, 31, decided she could no longer put her life on hold.(当新冠肺炎疫情的蔓延迫使东京奥运会延期,并让人怀疑奥运会能否如期举行时,31 岁的弗拉赫决定,她不能再让自己的生活停滞不前了。)可知,Flach在(31-10=21)岁时开始喜 欢上了七项全能运动。故选B。(2)推理判断题。根据第三段 In early 2020, Flach quit her job, temporarily left her soon-to-be-husband behind an
12、d moved nearly 250 miles south to train with her new coach at the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley.She intended to remain there through the 2020 U.S. (2020 年初,Flach 辞去了 工作, 暂时与她的未婚夫分开,搬到了近250英里以南的德克萨斯大学Rio Grande Valley分校,和她的 新教练一起训练。她打算留在那里训练,准备参加2020年美国奥运会选拔赛。)由此可推知,Flach 是个意志坚定的人。故选A。(3)细节理解
13、题。根据最后一段Shes excited for whats to come in her life”(她为自己生活中即将 到来的事情感到兴奋。)由此可知,让弗拉奇兴奋的是她期待着新的生活。故选A。(4)文章出处题。通读全文可知,文章介绍了 31岁的Flach在怀孕18周的情况下,依然挑战自 己,参加了女子七项全能的奥运会选拔赛的故事。由此可推知,这篇文章可以在杂志的体育版块 被看到。故选B。本文是新闻报道。文章介绍了 31岁的Flach在怀孕18周的情况下,依然挑战自己,参加了女子七 项全能的奥运会选拔赛的故事。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系
14、,对 未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对文章未涉及的现象、事 例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点。811 .【答案】D、B、D、B【解析】(1)推理判断题。根据第一段 Are you patient? Do you have attention to detail, free time and access to a computer? Well, then a scientist might welcome your help.(你有耐心吗?你是否关注细 节,是否有空闲时间和是否能使用电脑?那科学家可能会欢迎你的帮助)可推知,根据
15、短文,一 个谨慎的青少年,能流畅地使用电脑适合帮助科学家。故选D项。(2)细节理解题。根据第二段 The pair look at pictures and tag (加标签于)photos identifying adults, chicks and eggs.(它们会观察图片和标记图片,以识别成年、小鸡和蛋)可知,志愿者需要观察 图片并记录观察结果。故选B项。(3)细节理解题。根据倒数第二段 But how do scientists guard their research against accidental or deliberate mistakes in observation?
16、(但是科学家如何防止他们的研究在观察中出现意外或故意的 错误呢?)最后一段中And to make sure things go well, the Penguin Watch paper will go through a peer review before being published.(为了确保一切顺利,企鹅观察的论文在发表前将经过同 行评审)可知,科学家通过同行评审来避免观察中的错误。故选D项。(4)情感态度题。根据第五段中 Dr.Simpson 所说 We can go and look at these planets with other telescopes and we
17、know they exist because of those helpers.(我们可以用其他望远镜去观察这些行星, 因为有了这些帮手,我们才知道它们的存在)可以推知,Simpson博士对志愿者的观察持支持态 度。故选B项。这是一篇议论文。文章介绍了英国科学家依靠普通人来帮助他们完成科学项目的做法,及其成果。 阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系,对 未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对文章未涉及的现象、事 例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点。1215.【答案】C、D、A、A【解析】(1
18、)推理判断题。根据第二段第一、二句In 1966, while studying chimps (猩猩)in a Tanzanian national park, zoologist Jane Goodall observed a chimp named McGregor who had caught a highly infectious virus.His fellow chimps attacked him and threw him out of the group. (1966 年, 动物 学家珍古道尔在坦桑尼亚国家公园研究黑猩猩时,观察到一只名叫麦格雷戈的黑猩猩感染了一种 高度传染
19、性的病毒。他的黑猩猩同伴攻击他,把他扔出了黑猩猩群)可推知,猩猩们攻击McGregor 是因为它可能会导致整个群体生病。故选C。(2)推理判断题。根据第三段For a full two minutes, old McGregor sat motionless, staring after them, Goodall notes in her 1971 book In the Shadow of Man. nIts really not that different to how some societies react today to such a tragedy.(老McGregor 一动
20、不动地坐了整整两分钟,盯着它们的背影, Goodall在她1971年出版的。济小加八卬加。一书中写道。”这和如今一些社会群体对这样的 悲剧的反应没有什么不同。”)可推知,当看到McGregor的结局时,Goodall对此感到同情。A.Supportive 支持的;B.Doubtful 怀疑的;C.Objective 客观的;D.Sympathetic 同情的。故选 D。(3)细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句 Normally social animals, lobsters begin keeping away from the diseased as early as four weeks
21、 after infection 一 once the lobsters can smell certain chemicals released by sick individuals.(可知,龙虾通常是群居动物,一旦它们闻到生病的龙虾释放出的特定 化学物质,会在生病的龙虾感染四周后尽可能早地开始远离它)可知,健康的加勒比龙虾会和生 病的龙虾在一起待约一个月的时间。故选A。(4)主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是第一段第一句 Social distancing is not a new concept in the natural world, where infectious diseases a
22、re commonplace.(在传染病屡见不鲜的自然界,保持社交距离并 不是一个新概念)可知,文章主要介绍了自然界中动物保持社交距离的现象。由此可知,A项最 适合作本文标题。故选A。本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自然界中动物保持社交距离的现象。做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语 句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得 出正确答案,切忌胡乱猜测,一定要做到有理有据。1620 .【答案】D、C、B、G、F【解析】(1)推理判断题。根据上文 The comfort zone is a safe spa
23、ce where we dont risk, but neither do we grow.(舒适区是一个安全的地方,我们不会冒险,但我们也不会成长。)和下 文 Change and growth occur.We can not become what we want to be, remaining in what we are today.(改变和成长在发生,我们不能成为我们想成为的人,不能保持我们今天的样子。)可知,舒适 区是一我们无需冒险,但也不能让我们成长的安全空间;后面讲述了改变和成长就出现了。D项 Yet magical things happen outside the co
24、mfort zone.然而神奇的事情发生在舒适区之外。”符合语境。 故选D。(2)推理判断题。根据上文 Safe as we feel in our comfort zone, that space will not protect us from the problems,which usually appear in life in an unexpected way producing great changes.(虽然我们在舒适区感至ll安 全,但这个空间不会保护我们远离困难的影响,这些困难通常以一种出乎意料的方式出现在生活 中,并使我们的生活产生巨大的变化。)和下文These pro
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