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1、八年级英语(仁爱版)语言点Unit 1 Spo r ts and GamesTopic 1 A r e you g oing to play ba s ketball?l.s e e s b . do sth “看见某人做了某事”强调动作的全过程,常与e very d a y; often等连用.s ee sb. do i ngst h.“看见某人正在做某事”强调动作正在进行.E g : I s a w you pl a y bask elb a I 1 a 1 most ev e r y day d u ri n g t h e summer hoi i d a ys.I o f ten s
2、ee hi m d r aw pictur e s n e ar t he ri v er.我常看见她在河边画画.I s aw her go across the sir e e t .我看见她过 了马路I s aw her g o in g a c r oss the st r eet.我看见她正在过马路.类似的有watch, h ear, f e el等这类感观动词. jo in sb.表达 “加入某人的行列” “和某人在一起”join +组织表达“加入某个组织”t ake part in表达“参与/出席某个活动”JU: Wi 1 1 yo u j o in u s?I wil 1 j o
3、in the s k iing club.S h e is p 1 a nni n g to ta k c pa r t in the h igh j u mp.2 .prefer lo更喜欢(to是介词,后接名词、V ing形式)Eg: She prefe r s f i s h t o meat.She prefe r s pl a y i ngihep i anoto playing the guita r .3 .a r rive in + 大地点 arrive a t + 小地点 g e 11o + 地点=re a ch + 地点 如:My unc 1 e arr i v e d i
4、 n Bei j in g ye sterd a y.I arr ived at t h e Gre a t Wal 1 . = I g o t to t he Great Wa 1 1 . = I r e a c hed the G reat Wall. 注意:r each her e/thcr e /home = get here / t he r e / h omc = arrive here / t h erc/h o in e 5.1e a v e 离开lea v e for-动身去/离开到50: They a re leavi n g B e i j i n g t om o rr
5、ow.明天他们要离开北京.The y a rc lea v i n g f or Ja p a n the d a y a f ter tom o rrow.后天他们要前往日本.6 .a few几个;一些”修饰可数名词 a little “一点点” 修饰不数名词 如:T h e r e are a few eggs in t he b a sket.How sweet wa t e r it is!多甜的水呀!how引导的感慨句(1) . How十形容词或副词+主语+谓语!如:How intere s ting th e do g is!多么有趣的狗呀!(2) . How+形容词+a/an+可
6、数名词的单数形式+主语+谓语!如:How useful a s u bjec t t hey are learning!他们正在学的科目多么有用呀!(3) . How+主语+谓语!如:How t i me flies!时间过得真快呀!技巧总结:从后往前划出主语、谓语,然后看前部的中心词,名词用wh a t ,形容词、副词用how。2. We ca n 1 e am a 1 o t about people, places, hi s t ory, and s p e c ial times f r o m stamps. (P a ge 53)通过这些 邮票我们可以学到许多关于人文、地理、历史
7、和特殊时代的知识。alot 许多、大量”,用在动词后,同ve r y much。如:eg: She ha d told me a 1 o t a bout h o w t o le a rn E ngl i s h well.此外,a 1 o t of和1 o ts of的意思也是“许多、大量”,要用在名词前,在肯定句中常代替much,m a ny。E g :There are a 1 ot of / 1 o t s o f hi s tor y b ooks in 1 h e ro o m.屋里有许多历史书。T h e r e is sti 1 1 a lot of / 1 ot s of
8、snow o n t o p o f the h o u se.房上仍有许多雪。aknof和lots o f之间没有多大区别,都可以与可数名词和不可数名词连用。与不可数名词连用时,动词用单数, 与可数名词连用时,动词用复数。见上述例句。3. What thi n g s d o yo u lo v e col 1 ec t ing? (Pa g e 53)你喜欢集什么东西?love + doing表达“喜欢、爱好“,也可以用1 i ke+doing表达。如:1) I love listening to the mu s i c .我爱好听音乐。5 . I am i n t ere s te d
9、 in pl a y ing sports. (Page 54)我对运动感爱好。b e int e r e s t ed in (doi n g) sth.”对感爱好”如:I? a m i n t ere s ted i n r ead i ng b o oks.我对读书特别感爱好。Jack i s in t er e s t e d in foo t ball.杰克对足球很感爱好。6 .Wh a t do y ou o f t e n d o i n your spa r e t i me?在你的业余时间里面你都做些什么啊? in on e , s spa re time 在业余时间” “在
10、闲暇之际”,也可用i n one, s free t ime替换。如:e g :I s h all do it in in y s P are t i me.我会在我的业余时间做这件事。I n my free t ime I oft e n go to th e movies.在闲暇之际,我常去看电影。?7.1 o f t e n go f i shi n g . (P a ge 55)我经常去钓鱼。g o + doing表达“去做某事”g o + v -i n g结构很常用,多用于体育活动和业余娱乐活动。如:1) Let* s g o f i shi n g next Sunda y .下星
11、期天我们去钓鱼吧。2)A r c you goi n g hiking th i s w e ckc n d ?这个周末你打算去远足吗?此外尚有:go h unling去打猎? ?go s hoo ting 去射击? ?go s wimm i ng去游泳g o bathing 去沐浴? ? g o sh o pping 去购物? ?g o c limbi n g 去爬山8 .A n d I do a lol of r e ading.我通常都是阅读一些书籍。在英语中有不少由“ do + doing”的结构,表达“干某事”。如:散步?d o s o me w a Iking ? ?d o a I
12、o t of walk in g读书? d o some? r e ading do a 1 o t o f r eading洗衣服? d o some?wash i ng do a lo t of washing买东西?do s ome sho p p i ng do a 1 o( o f shopping清扫?do some clcani n gd o a 1 o t of cleaning. Why no t g o out a n d d o som e o u t d oor a c ti v it i e s ?为什么不走出去做一些户外运动呢?用whynot dost h 用来征求
13、对方的意见或表达建议。使用这种句子必须要有上下文,如:W h y no t r u n a li t de fastei?为什么不跑快一点呢?1 1 . And I wasn1 t intere s ted in s p or t s a t all.我对运动一点爱好都没有。not. . al all 一点也不”;“全然不”。如:1 ) I d i dn t m i nd it at a 1 1.我一点也不在意。2)T hank yo u f or helping me.谢谢你帮助我。No t at a 1 1.没关系。12.1 used to k now little a bou t pai
14、nt i ngs.我过去不太懂绘画。little和f ew都具有否认的意思。表达“不多”;“很少”。lit tie相称于not much, few相称于not m any。litUe与不可数名词连用,few与可数名词复数连用。如:1 have 1 i ttle t i m e .我的时间很少。Fe w peo P 1 e wou 1 d a g re e wi t h him.没有多少人批准他。而a 1 ittle和a f ew具有肯定的意思,表达“一些”:“几个”(虽然少,但有一些)。如:T here , s a lit t le water i n t h e glass.杯子里尚有点儿水
15、。I still have a f e w fri e nds in Beiji n g.我在北京尚有几个朋友。13. I e njo y li s t e n i ng to ro c k music. (Pa g e 56)我喜欢听摇滚音乐。enj o y意为“喜欢,欣赏”,具有“乐于、享受之乐趣”之意,其后可以跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。e njoy onesel f表达“玩得快乐”之意。Th e Gree n s enjoy liv i n g in China.格林一家喜欢在中国居住。D id you enjoy yourscl f in t h e zoo?你在动物园玩得快乐吗?M
16、any f ore i gners e n jo y Chine se food.很多外国人喜欢中国菜。prefe r意为“宁愿、更喜欢”,用于两者之间的选择,其后可跟名词、代词、动名词或不定式。prefe r . . t。.表 达“宁愿,不愿”,“喜欢而不喜欢”,其中to为介词,后可跟名词或动名词。如:Which do you pr e f e r, tea or c o f fe e ? 你比较喜欢品茗,还是喝咖啡?I p refe r walking t o cycli n g.我喜欢步行胜过骑单车。M y brother li kes ma t h s, b u 11 prefe r
17、Eng 1 i s h.我哥哥喜欢数学,而我更喜欢英语。14. Did yo u u se t o g o svvimmi n g du r ing?summe r vac a tion s ? 在暑假里,你过去经常去游泳么? d urin g ”在的期间、在的时候”。如:eg The sun g i v es us 1 i gh t during the d a y time.太阳在白天给我们阳光。He called t o see me d u ring my absenc e .当我不在的时候他来访过我。15.1 us e d to do t hat i n t h e p ond i
18、n front of my house. ( P a ge 57)我过去常在我家门前的池塘里游泳。i n from of 在的前面”;指在物体外部的前面。而in t h e fro n i o f”的前部”;指在物体内部的前面,即前部。注意它们的区别。试比较:e g: There is a tall tree in front of my h o use. 我家房前有一棵大树。The d r i ver is s i t t ing in t h e fron t o f the ca r .司机坐在汽车的前面。16. When t he y are free, people usually
19、do w h a t th e y like.当人们空闲的时候,他们总是做一些自己喜欢的事 情。free ”有空、空闲“, b e free可以替换为h a ve time。如:e g : Are you f r ee t hi s e v en i ng? = Do you ha v e time this even i ng? 你今天晚上有空吗?I f I a m fr e e, I am going to v i sit the mus e um. = If I h a ve time, I am g o i ng to vis i 11 h e museum. 假如有时间,我打算去参观
20、博物馆。1 7 . such as 比如Eg|: They also p a int p i ct u r e s or co 1 1 e c t things s u ch asco i ns, do 1 1 s or s t amp s . 他 们也绘画或者收集一些东西,例如:硬币、娃娃或邮票。eg:We st u dy sever a 1 subjects, sue has C h inese, ma t h s, English an d ph y sics.我们学习很多的科目,比如语文、数学、英语和物理。18. When p e ople become old, hob b i e
21、s c an keep them h ealth y . Wh e n peo p 1 e are sick, hobbie s ca n help th e m ge t we 1 I soon er. 当人们变老的时候,爱好可以帮助他们保持健康。当人们身体虚弱的时候,爱好 还可以带助他们不久地康复。木句中bee o me, keep, be,与gel都是系动词。系动词的基本用法是其后加形容词做表语。三.语法学习used t o do sth.这一结构表达过去的习惯(过去经常反复发生的动作)或状态(暗含的意思是现在已不复存在),只有一种形式,即过 去式,用于所有人称。u sed io的否认形
22、式为:u sed n o t to d。或didn i use to do。疑问句为Used you to. . . ?或 D i d y o u use to.?如:eg: H e u sed n o t to like P e k ing o p e ra, but now he* s ve r y f o n d of i t.他过去不喜欢京剧,但现在非常 喜欢。现在大多数人在I I语中或不太正式的书面语中对否认句和疑问句常使用与do连用的形式。例如:1) I d i dn I use to like ska t ing, bu t now I li k e it very much.我
23、过去不喜欢滑冰,但现在很喜欢。2)Did you use t o g o t h e re?你以往常去哪儿?3)T h er e u sed t o be a theatre here, didn it here?以前这里有一座剧院,是不是?此外,注意 be u s e d to do i n g st h .与 u sed to d o sth .的区别:be u sed t o d o i ng sth ”习惯于,适应于”如:eg: Heis use d t o wor k i n g h a rd.他习惯于努力地工作。e g : He u sed t o br i n g me rose
24、s when h e c a me t o see me.过去他来看我时,常带玫瑰花。be u s e d to d o sth. “某物被用来做某事”。如:eg: Computers can be use dt o do a 1 o t o f wo r k now.如今电脑可用来做许多事.3. He d oesn? t mind whether th e yt re go o d or n oi. 他并不介意它们是否是好的。此句为以w h eth e r引导的宾语从句。whether. or not 不管是否”。如:eg: You h a ve to g et up early eve r
25、yday wh e t h e r it rai n s or n ot.你必须天天早点起床,不管是否下 雨。i f与whethe r的区别。 w h et h e r后可紧接o r not,而if一般不能。你能来还是不能来,请告诉我一声。eg: Le t me k n ow wh e th e r o r no t you ca n come.whether引导的宾语从句可移到主句前,i f则不能。如:eg: Wheth e r this is true or no t , I can not sa y .这件事是否真实,我说不上。不定式前用wheth e r,不用i f。如:I h a v
26、 e nt dec ided w h et h e r t o go to t h e ci n em a o r to s tay at h om e . 介词后可用whether,不用if。如:I havenJ t s e t t led t h e que s t ion of whether T 11 go back home.我是否回家还没有定。Topic2 What swe e t mu s ic!1. What kin d o f mus i c a 1 in s (rument can you p lay? (P a ge 62)你会弹什么种类的乐器? kind是“种类,类型”
27、的意思。如:a kind of一种,all k i nds of各种各样,what kind o f什么类型的。如:e g : D umpling i s a k i n d of C h ine s e f o od.饺子是一种中国食品。eg: There are a 1 1 kind s o f b oo k s in Beijing L i b rar y .北京图书馆有各种各样的图书eg: W h at kin d of r oom would you like, a double room o r a sin g 1 e ro o m?2. They arc v cr y p o p
28、 u lar am o ng you n g pc o pie. (Pag e 64)它们在年轻人当中很流行。among介词“在当中”,“在中间”,用于三者或三者以上;而between也是介词“在当中”,“在 中间”之意,则只能用于两者之间。如:e g: Tom run s f aste s i among the bo y s in hi s cla s s.eg: M a ry is s itti n g betwee n t h e twin s .玛丽坐在双胞胎的中间。?8. Guo La n y i n g , Song Zuying and T enger are f am o u
29、 s fo r t h eir f oik songs. (P age 6 4 )be famo us for ”以而著名”,“因而出名”。如:eg: Gui Li n is f amou s for the s t o ne fo r es t s .桂林以石林而著名。be famous as作为出名Eg: Y a oM i n g is f amous as aba sketba 1 1 pl a y er.9. . I n the fall of I 9 76, a- 14-year- o 1 d high sch o ol s t u den t , Larry M u 1 1 en,
30、 1 o o k ed f or s ome musicians.1 o ok for “寻找”,强调“寻找”的过程,而find “找到”,则是强调“找到”的结果。如:I lo o ked for i t ev e r ywhere, but I ca nt f i n d i t anywhe re.?1 0. They continue making musi c .他们继续创作音乐。cont i n u e + t o do sth./ doing s th./ n .”继续做某事。如: e g: Af t er having a re s t ,he c o nt i n ued t
31、o read/writing/ a sto r y 继续阅读 / 写作/一个故事?11. And p e o pie a 1 1 ov e r the world st i 1 1 enjoy t h eir music ve r y much.a 1 1 o ver t h e wor 1 d 全世界12. His father ask e d a mu s ic teac h er to t each him to play the pia n o .a sk sb. to do s t h.“让某人做某事“。如:e g: I of t e n ask m y u nc 1 e to he
32、l p me with my ma t hs.我常请我叔叔帮我学数学。尚有一些其他类似的用法。如:tell sb. to do sth.? ? ? ?告诉某人做某事want s b. to do s t h.想让某人做某事t e a c h sb. to do sth.教某人做某事p lay t he piano? “弹奏钢琴”。在英语中,在表达弹奏、演奏乐器时,所有的乐器前面都要加定冠词t he,如:p lay the gui t a r ?/p i an o ? /vio 1 i n/d rums英语中表达玩球类项目时,我们通常在球类项目的名词前不加定冠词。如:play f o o (ba
33、ll 踢足球 p lay bas k e t b all 打篮球p 1 ay bridg e cards 打桥牌 p lay? c he s s 下棋1 3. H e s a ys vio 1 in musi c is his f a vorite a n d i t make s him ha p p y.make +sb+a d j.结构。如:Th e news mad e us ver y exci t ing.这个消息使我们很激动。Topic3 Wh a t were you doing fr o m s e ven t o nin e y e ste r day?1 . I c a
34、I 1 ed you b u t n ob o dy an s w e red the phon e .a n s w er th e pho n e? “接电话 a n sw er ”回答,答复”。如:e g: H a ve y ou a n swer e d his lett e r?你回 了他的信吗?2 .Yea h , I think s o . (Page 7 1)是,我也这样认为。I I h i n k so.的否认形式一般为I do n i ihinkso.例如:一Do you think classi c al music is ve r y pop u lar i n Chi
35、n a ?你认为古典音乐在中国很流行吗?N o , I d on t t th i n k so.不,我认为不很流行。3. A nd I also li k e th e young m a n w i t h 1 i g ht h ai r .我也喜欢那个留着浅色头发的年轻人。with “有”。如:a girl wi t h b lue e y es 碧眼女郎I agree with you.我批准你的意见。 a g ree with s b.批准某人的见解,如:I do n【ag r e e with her.我不批准她的意见。4. There s n o thing s e r ious
36、.没什么严重的事。noth i ng ser i ou s “没事”。注意此结构的用法。用来修饰代词 s o met h ing, a n y t h ing, no t h i ng, someb o dy anyb o dy, n o body 等 的形容词,要放在被修饰词的后面。如句中seriou s要放在n。t hing的后面。如:eg: Woul d you like a ny t hing e 1 s e?你还要点儿什么吗?e g : T 11 tel 1 you some t hin g import ant .我要告诉你一件重要的事。5. Well, Miss Wang was
37、 a n gry wi t h me.王老师生我的气了。注意be a ngry?后所跟的介词:b e ang r y w i t h + s b . ?生某人的气be a n gr y al + sb.对某人的言行气愤b e angry about + s t h.对某事气愤 如:eg: He was a ngry wi t h her for what s h e di d .他对她所做的感到气愤eg: He w a s angry a t b e i ng k e pt waiting.他因旁人使他久等而气愤。eg: He was a n gr y about s o much t r a
38、 f fic in the s trect.他对街上那么多的车辆而气恼。?1.1 n the early 1 8 00 s , S unday was the holy (神圣的)day”.1800s表达19世纪,同样的,190 0 s则表达20世纪。8 . s p e nd 度过;花费(时间、金钱)。结构有:s p end.on st hs p e nd. (in) do i ng sth.如:eg: He s p ent 5 yuan on t he p o st ca r d .他买这张明信片花了 5 元钱。They spent thre e da y s looking fbr the
39、 lost s heep o n t h e hi 1 I.cost 的主语是物 eg: The dictionary cost me $10.pay for 为付款 eg:I pa i d $10 fo r the diet i onary.ta k e 的结构为 I t take s s b to do sth。Eg: I 11 a k e me a hou r to fi n i s h my h om e wo r k.9 .复习过去进行时.Unit 4 Our Worl dT opi c 1 P 1 ants and anim a Is are imp o r t ant to u
40、s .1. co v er 覆盖eg: H c cov e red t h e p an wi t h a p i e cc of p a per.2 . Thousand s o f 成千上万的 hu n d re d s o f 成百上千 h u ndre d / Ihous a nd 复数 + ofE g: Wc pla n t t hou s ands o f t rcc s e ver y year.3 . f e ed on以为主食 eg: Horse fe e d on gra s s.W e liv eon rice.(讲人时用 1 ive on).复习形容词的比较级和最高级的
41、构成Top i c2 I am su ret h erea r enoUFOs.1 .ta k e thepla c eo f 取代=i nstead ofeg: Robo r tcantake th e plac eo f huma n st o domost ofwork i nthefuture.= Ro b or t c an do m o stofw o rk insteado fhumans in the fu t ure.2 .m i stake-for 把弄错e g : P eo p 1 e of t en mist a ke s o me man-made o bj e c
42、ts for UFOs.3 . be 1 ate for 迟至ljeg: H urry u p , o r y o u w i 1 i be lat e for s c h oo 1 .4 . w a ke up 叫醒eg: Please w ake m eu p at 6 :00 tomorro w.5 . H o w i s every t h ing g oing these days?T o pic 3 The b ui 1 d er s used t o live m o d el s , did n t they?1 . o rder 命令eg:The c r uel e mp e
43、 ror order e d h is men to fig h t f o r h im.2 . b e mad e up of由组成eg: T h e G real W a 11 is m a d e up of thou s an d s of huge s t o n e s .3 . from t h cn on从那时起 fr o m now o n从现在起. joi n toge t her 连接在一起Eg: Joining t he s h o r t r o pes t o geth e r , you 11 get a 1 o n ger one.重点语法(一) 情态动词:m
44、u s t与 have tomust必须;一定”,表达有做某一动作的必要或义务,侧重表达说话者的主观见解.(只有一种时态)如:We must was h hand s befo r c meals.饭前我们必须洗手.We m u st e a t he a 1 t h y food.我们必须吃健康的食物.h avc t o 不得不,必须”,侧重表达因客观条件或客观环境的迫使而不得不做某事(可用于各种时态)如:h stoolale. I have to go now.太迟了.现在我得走了.I h ad t o b o r r ow som e m o ney a t th a t tim e .
45、那时我不得不借了一些钱.*Must we kee p the w i nd o w s op e n all the time?No, w e d o nJ t have t o. / N o, we needn i. (注意回答时不能用 No, we must n r t.)(二)电话用语:Hello! Coul d ZM a y I s peak t o,pleas e ?你好!我能跟通话吗?May I take a messa g e?我能捎个口 信吗?This i s K a ngkang.我是康康.He 1 lo! Who s that?你好!你是谁?Review of U n i
46、ts 1-2b reak the windowg e t losto n o ne sway (to)t ake the wrong busb reak the windowg e t losto n o ne sway (to)t ake the wrong bus打破窗户(玻璃)丢失;迷路在.的路上搭错车o n e of t he most popular sports最受欢迎的运动之一a gro u p o f p e opl ea gro u p o f p e opl e一群人fo r m an i n t e r na t ionalfo r m an i n t e r na t
47、 ionalorg a n i z a tion成立一个国际组织put s t h i n low pla c e s把某物放在低处e a t sth b y mista k ee a t sth b y mista k e误吃puta wayputa way把收起来as k fo r thr e e da y s lea v e请三天的假mu st 必须,一定”mus t n t “不可以”should “应当” 如:mu st 必须,一定”mus t n t “不可以”should “应当” 如:Wesh ou1dn t“不该”had better “最佳”如:had bet t er not “最佳不:We m u st stu d y ha r d .如:Youmustntwalkonshou 1 cl fin i s h i t on time.ftn: You sh o ul d n, t g oYo u ha d belt ergo t o b e d e 如:Y o u had b etter not go t o我们必须努力学习.the lawn.你不可以在草坪上行走我们应当准时完毕它.to sch o o 1 lat e .你不该上学迟到a rly.你最佳早
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