孔子世家注音版.docx

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1、孔子世家kong zi shonn 10 chdnjplrf)xian)zdu yl ql xidn sdng r6n y。 yuf- kun9 f6ng sho fdnq shfl shcn)bo 孔子生鲁昌平乡瞰邑。其先宋人也，日孔防叔。防叔生伯xid b6 xid shc-ng sho liang ge ge yO ydn shl nO y? he 0r shc-ngkong zi doo wo nl qio de夏，伯夏生叔梁纥。纥与颜氏女野合而生孔子，祷於尼丘得kdng zi 10 xiong gong M shi dr nidn dr kftng zi shong shong 6r

2、 shftushdng wi ding gO yin ml ng yu孔子。鲁襄公二十二年而孔子生。生而首上坪顶，故因名日qiu yan zi zhong n( xi ng kftng shi丘云。字仲尼，姓孔氏。qio shc-ng 0r sho lidng gC si zdng wo fdng shdnf6n9 shun zdi In dong y6u shi k6n9 zi yl丘生而叔梁纥死，葬於防山。防山在鲁东，由是孔子疑qf f( mO chii mo hui zhi y6 kdng zl wdi xi xl chdngchc-n zo ddu she h r6ng其父墓处，母讳之

3、也。孔子为完嬉戏，常陈俎豆，设礼容。kdng zl mo si ndi bln wo fii zhi qu gdi qf shen yc zou en fii zhi mo hul kdng zi孔子母死，乃殡五父之衢，盖其慎也。龈人蜿父之母诲孔子to mu Mn hou wdng he zdng wo fdng ydn父墓，然彳灸往合葬於防焉。kGng zi ydojl shi xidnn shi k6n9 zl yQ wdng yfinn hi) chu yuejl shi xidng孔子要经，季氏飨土，孔子与往。阳虎细日：“季氏飨shi fei gdn xiong zl y。kdng z

4、l y6u shi tul，非敢飨子也。”孔子由是退。kang zi nidn shi qi la dai fu mdng zi bi ng qid si jie qi si yi zi yuek6ng孔子年十七，鲁大夫孟釐子病且死，诫其嗣懿子日：“孔qiu shGng rn zhi hdu mid wu s6ngqi zu fu fii h shi you s6ng 6r si ring li ydng jl丘，圣人之彳爰，灭於宋。其祖弗父何始有宋而嗣让厉公。及zhdng kao fa zu6 ck)i woxujn96n9sdn mlng zi yi 96n99d dingmlngyuny

5、i mlnj or正考父佐戴、武、宣公，三命兹益恭，故鼎铭云：“一命而ku zdi ml ng 6r yOson mi ng 6r fO x wdnshGng Mn zhi hdu sui bu dng shi粥於是，以醐余口。”其恭如是。吾闻圣人之彳爰，虽不当世，bl yftu de zho jin kftng qiu nldn shdo hdo II q(出 zh。yu wii ji mu jion yuG yi xl孔子日：“丘己习其曲矣，未得其数也。”有间，日：“已习qi shii ko yi yi yikong zi yueqin w葡 dd qi zhi y。you jion yu

6、o其数，可以益矣。”孔子日：“丘未得其志也。”有间，日：yl xi qf zhi kG yi yi yikdng zl yuqio wci d6 qi wd ran yf“已习其志，可以益矣。”孔子日：“丘未得其为人也。”yftu jian yfiu suft mu rdn shen si yan yftu sufi yl rdn gao wang 6r yuan zhi yan yue qiu 出 有间，有所穆然深思焉，有所怡然高望而远志焉。日：“丘得qi wdi r6n an r6n 6r hei ji ran 0r zhdng ydn ru wangyang ni wdng si gu6

7、 fei w6n其为人，黯然而黑，几然而长，眼如望羊，如王四国，非文wdng ql shut n0ng wi?i cl y&shi xiang zl pi xi zai bai yueshi gai yun wdn wdng cao王其谁能为此也！ ”师襄子辟席再拜，日：“师盖云文王操也。”kftng zl ji bii d yong wu wei jiang xi jian zhdo jifin zl zhi wu h 6r wen ddu ml ng dti孔子既不得用於卫，将西见赵简子。至於河而闻窦鸣犊、shun hud zhi si * tin he cr tan yuemdi zai

8、 shui yang yang hu qiu zhi bu ji ci舜华之死也，临河而叹日：“美哉水，洋洋乎！丘之不济此,mini y。 fuzl gdng qu 6r jin yue 96n wen h? wei yak6ng zl yueddu mi ng命也夫！ ”子贡趋而进日：“敢问何谓也？ ”孔子日：“窦鸣du shun huo jin qu6 zhi xidn ddi fu y- zhdo jidn zl wii de zhi zhi shi xo cl liann r6n犊，舜华，晋国之贤大夫也。赵简子未得志之时，须此两人0r hdu c6ngzhC-ng jl qf yl d

9、e zhi sho zhi noi C6ng zhdng qio wen zhi y6 kQ toi shd yoo而后从政；及其己得志，杀之乃从政。丘闻之也，到胎杀天zG qi Un bii zhi jiao jic z6 hi yii z6 jioo 16ng bu h6 yin ydng fa chdo hui ludn z6 ffcnghuing则麒麟不至郊，竭泽涸渔则蛟龙不合阴阳，覆巢毁卵则凤皇bii xidng hd z6 jon zf hul shong ql 同 yd to nido sh6u zhf wn bu yi yt- shdng zhi pi zhi 不翔。何则？君子

10、讳伤其类也。夫鸟兽之於不义也尚知辟之,6r kuang hu qiu zainai h6i xi hu zou xiang zuo wd zou cao yi ai zhi 6r fan hu wei而况乎丘哉！ ”乃还息乎瞰乡，作为瞰操以哀之。而反乎卫,hj zhu qu b6 yii jia入主遽伯玉家。to rl Ung gong wi-n bingchu zhi shl z。chdng w?n zhi jon他日，灵公问兵陈。孔子曰：“俎豆之事则尝闻之，军10 zhi shl wi zhi xue yG mi ng ri yO kdng zl yO jidn fei ydn ydng

11、shl zhi se bii旅之事未之学也。”明日，与孔子语，见蜚雁，仰视之，色不zdi kdng zl k6ng zf sui xfng fQ rt chdn在孔子。孔子遂行，复如陈。xid w6i I ins gong cO 11 san zhi- shl wGi wdi ch。96ng lid yue zhdoyona ndi tdi zl 夏，卫灵公卒，立孙辄，是为卫出公。六月，赵鞅内太子kudi kul yil qiyd ng ho shl tdi zfbd r6n shuoi wdi zl w6i ying zh。 ko 0r rii蒯耳贵于戚。阳虎使太子幺免，八人衰经，伪自卫迎者

12、，哭而入,sut jo yon dong cdi qion yO zhou M shi sui 10 ai gong san nion er k6ng zl nidn Iio shl遂居焉。冬，蔡迁于州来。是岁鲁哀公三年，而孔子年六十yi qf zhii wei 嗽i qi yi wdi tai zl kudi kui zdi gCi yd 矣。齐助卫围戚，以卫太子蒯月贵在故也。xid 10 hudn mido f6n ndn 9。明 jins sho iiu hud kdng zl zdi chin wen zhi yue- 夏，鲁桓釐庙燔，南宫敬叔救火。孔子在陈，闻之，曰:zai bl w

13、o hudn mido hoyi 6r gu6 r6n“灾必於桓釐庙乎？ 己而果然。qiu ji huan zl bi ng nifin 6r jian lu ch6ng kui ran tan yuexi ci gu6 ji xing秋，季桓子病，辇而见鲁城，喟然叹曰：“昔此国几兴yiyi wii hub zui wu k6n9zlgi bii xing yGgU wei qisi kang zl yue w6 ji矣，以吾获罪於孔子，故不兴也。”顾谓其嗣康子曰：“我即sirud bl xidng IQ xiangIobi zhdozh6n9 nlhdu shu r) hudn zl cii

14、kfinj) zl ddi死，若必相鲁；相鲁，必召仲尼。”彳爰数日，桓子卒，康子代11 yi zdng yii zhiozhfeng nf gong zhi yo yuexr wl xion jon ydng zhi bu zh6ng zhong立。己葬，欲召仲尼。公之鱼曰：“昔吾先君用之不终，终wdi zho hdu xido jm ydu y6ng zhi bii ndngzhcng shi zdi w6i zho hGu xidokong zl yu为诸侯笑。今又用之，不能终，是再为诸侯笑。”康子曰：zd shut zhdo r keyuebi zhoo qiuwu shl shl sh

15、l zhdo qiu“则谁召而可？”曰：“必召厘求。”於是使使召隹求。厘qia jiang xing kftng zf yueI。 r6n zhdo qiu fei xiflo yong zhijiang da y6ng zhi yf-求将行，孔子曰：“鲁人召求，非小用之，将大用之也。”shi ri kdng Zl yuegui hu gui hu Wu ddng zhi xido zf kuang jidn径i ran chdngzhang是日，孔子曰：“归乎归乎！吾党之小子狂简，斐然成章，wu bu zhi suft yi cd zhizi gon zhi k6ng z si guis6n

16、gqiu yin jid yue jf吾不知所以裁之。”子赣知孔子思归，送隹求，因诫日“即y6ngyi kftng zi wdi zhao yiin用，以孔子为招”云。qiu jl qiiml ng nidnk6ng zi zi chdn qion yO cdi cdi zhco gong jiang ro wo wQ厘求既去，明年，孔子自陈迁于蔡。蔡昭公将如吴，吴zhdo zhi yi- qidn zhoogong qt qi chenqianzhou lai hdu jiongwdng do I fu jii fo qion gong son召之也。前昭公欺其臣迁州来，彳灸将往，大夫惧复迁

17、，公孙pidn she shd zhdogftng cha qin cdi qiti qf jing gftng cu翩射杀昭公。楚侵蔡。秋，齐景公卒。mlnj) nidn k6n9 zi zl cdi nl yd y。song wen zhdnfi kong zi yu xing jic- fei zhdng ni zhi yi jin chu da gu6 y。 Idi pin k6n9 zlk6ng zl大夫所设行皆非仲尼之意。今楚，大国也，来聘孔子。孔子ydng wu cho zd chdn edi ydng shi ddi fu wi-i yfwq shl ndi xidng yo

18、fo 忖 yi wei k6n9 zi用於楚，则陈蔡用事大夫危矣。”於是乃相与发徒役围孔子wo yd bii do xfng jud Ik)ngc6ng zhe bl ngm6 nng xi ngk6ng zl jidng sdng xidn ge bu shudi於野。不得行，绝粮。从者病，莫能兴。孔子讲诵弦歌不衰。zl It) yin jidn yue jon zf yl you qi6ng hok6ng zl yue jan zi gO qi6n9 xido Mn子路愠见日：“君子亦有穷乎？ ”孔子日：“君子固穷，小人qi6ng si Idn yi穷斯滥矣。”zl Adris si- z

19、u6 kdng zi yuvcl dr yi yO wdi dud xue dr shi zhi zhf- yo子贡色作。孔子日：“赐，尔以予为多学而识之者与？ ”yuerdn fei yok6ng zi yuefei yfi yO yl yi gudn zhi日：“然。非与？ ”孔子日：“非也。予一以贯之。”k6ng zl zhi di zi yfiu yirn xin ndi zhao zi lii dr wi?n yueshi yiin fei si孔子知弟子有愠心，乃召子路而问日：“诗云”匪兄匪hu IG bi kuan$jwii dao fei xi6 wu hd wdi wu ci

20、zl lii yu。yi zhf虎，率彼旷野”。吾道非邪？吾何为於此？ ”子路日：“意者wu wei rn xi。 ren zhi bu wd xin yd yl zhe wu w&i zhf xi6 rdn zhi bii wn xid mb nC-na rdng fo zl fo zl gdi shoo bidn yonkdng zl yue-道至大也，故天下莫能容夫子。夫子盖少贬焉？ ”孔子日：cl lidng n6ng ndng jid 6r bii neng w6i s6lions gong n6ng qido 6r bu ndng w6i shim jon zl n6ng“赐，良农

21、能稼而不能为不啬，良工能巧而不能为顺。君子能qi 出。 gong er jl zhi16ng er II zhi er bCi Mng wei r6n9jin 6r bii 6r ddo脩其道，纲而纪之，统而理之，而不能为容。今尔不脩尔道6r qiti wi rdng ci er zhi bu yuan yl而求为容。赐，而志不远矣！”zl gdng chuy6n hui nj jion kang zl yuohui shi yiin fei si f&i ho子贡出，颜回入见。孔子日：“回，诗云“匪兜匪虎，10 bi ku6n9 y占wu dao fei xi6 wti he w+i wu

22、ciydn hui yuefu zi zhi率彼旷野” o吾道非邪？吾何为於此？ ”颜回日：“夫子之dao zhi da gu tian xia mb ndng r6ng sui rdn fu zl tuT 占r xf ng zhi bu rdng hd bi ng 道至大，故天下莫能容。虽然，夫子推而行之，不容何病，bu r6ng ran hdu jidn jun zl fu dao zhi bu y& shi wu chdu y6 fu dao jl yi da不容然彳爰见君子！夫道之不脩也，是吾丑也。夫道既已大脩0r bu y6n9shi yGu qu6 zhd zhi chdu # b

23、u r6ng h6 bl ng bu r6n9 rdn hdu jidn jon zl而不用，是有国者之丑也。不容何病，不容然彳爰见君子！”kdng zl xin rdn 6r xibo yu? you shi zoi ydn shi zhi zl shi 6r duo cdi wi wd fir zdi孔子欣然而笑日：“有是哉颜氏之子！使尔多财，吾为尔宰。”wu shi shi zl gong zhi chu chu zhaowongxing shi yi ng kdng zi ran hou de midn於是使子贡至楚。楚昭王兴师迎孔子，然彳爰得免。zhoowdngjidng yl sh

24、o shG di qi Zi II long kdng zl cho ling yin zl xi yuowdng zhi昭王将以书社地七百里封孔子。楚令尹子西日：“王之shi shi zhu hdu ydu m zt gdng zh huyue wii yftuw6ng zh fo xidng yftu rU yhn使使诸侯有如子贡者乎？ ”日：“无有。”“王之辅相有如颜hui zh。huyuewu yftuwdng zhi jiang Id ydu ni zi lu zh0 hiiyue回者乎？ ”日：“无有。” “王之将率有如子路者乎？ ”日：wii y6uwang zhi guan y

25、in y6u ru zdi yu zhe huyuewu y6uq话“无有。”“王之官尹有如宰予者乎？ ”日：“无有。”“且chu zhi zu feng wu zhou hao wdi zl nan wu shi 11 jin k6ng qiu shu san wu zhi fd minyzhdu楚之祖封於周，号为子男五十里。今孔丘述三五之法，明周zhdo zhi y。 wans rud ydna zhi z6 cho an de shi shi tdng tdng fan)shu qian II hu fa wen wdng 召之业，王若用之，则楚安得世世堂堂方数千里乎？夫文王zdi fe

26、ng wa wing zdi 960 bdi II zhi jan cu wo ng tion xid jin k6ng qio de jii to rung xidn在丰，武王在镐，百里之君卒王天下。今孔丘得据土壤，贤dl zl wi zu6 fei cho zhi fu yezhaowdng noi zhi qi qio cho zhoowdng 3 yO chdng弟子为佐，非楚之福也。”昭王乃止。其秋，楚昭王卒于城fo父。ch。kudnj jie yu 90 0r nud k6n9 zl yueft-na xi f0n9 xi he de zhi shuai wdn)楚狂接舆歌而过孔子

27、，日：凤兮凤兮，何德之衰！往zhe bii kO jidn xi I6i zho y6u ke zhui ye yi 6r yi 6r jrn zhi cengzhGng zh6 ddi dr者不可谏兮，来者犹可追也！已而已而，今之从政者殆而！”kdng zl xid yii yo zhi yin qo 6r qii 付 de yo zhi ydn 孔子下，欲与之言。趋而去，弗得与之言。wu shi kftng zi zi chQ fan hu wdi shi sui 丫逞 kftng zi nidn liu shi san 6r Q di於是孔子自楚反乎卫。是岁也，孔子年六十三，而鲁哀gon

28、g liu nian yG公六年也。qf ml ng nidnwd yO 10 hul zeng zhi bai Ido tdi zoi zhdo jl kong zi kong zi其明年，吴与鲁会缗，徵百牢。太宰懿召季康子。康子shi zi gdngwong ron hdu dd yi使子贡往，然后得已。k6n9 zi yui jun zh6 fii bu d。孔子日：“鲁卫之政，兄弟也。”是时，卫君辄父不得11 zdi wdi zho h6u shu yi w6i rdns 0r kdng zi dl zi dud shi wu wdi w6i jon yQ de立，在外，诸侯数以为让。

29、而孔子弟子多仕於卫，卫君欲得kdng zl wdi zhf-ng zl ICi yuewdi jon ddi zi dr w6i zhdng zi jidng xi xionk6ng zi孔子为政。子路日：“卫君待子而为政，子将奚先？ ”孔子yu。bl ye zhngming hozl lu yuo ydu shi zoi zl zhi yo ye he qf zhng日：“必也正名乎！ ”子路日：“有是哉，子之迂也！何其正yekdng zl yuoyo zdi you ye fa mfng bu zheng ztJ y6n bu shim yen bu shun /也？ ”孔子日：“野哉由也

30、！夫名不正则言不顺，言不顺则Shi bu ChengShi bu ch6n9Z6Hm bii Xing II Id bu Xing Z6 Xingfd bu Zhongxfngfd bu事不成，事不成则礼乐不兴，礼乐不兴则刑罚不中，刑罚不zhdng z6 mfn wusu6 cud sh6uzayi fu junzl wdi zhi bi k。mi ngydn zhi bixing jun中则民无所错手足矣。夫君子为之必可名，言之必可行。君zl wu qf ydn wu sud 9du 6r yi yi子於其言，无所苟而已矣。”qi mfngnidny6u wi jl shi jidng sh

31、i yO q( zhon wu lang kd zht jl kdng zl其明年，隹有为季氏将师，与齐战於郎，克之。季康子yuezi zhi wu jun 10 xud zhi hu xi ng zhi hiiyfiu yue xu zhi wu k6n9日：“子之於军旅，学之乎？性之乎？ ”隹有日：“学之於孔zijl kang zi yuekdng zi h6 rii rcn zaidul yueydng zhi y6u mfng子。”季康子日：“孔子何如人哉？”对日：“用之有名；bu zhi bdi xing zhi zhu gui shen r wu han qiu zhi zhi w

32、u ci dao sui 国 qian she fu播之百姓，质诸鬼神而无憾。求之至於此道，虽累千社，夫zl bo h y kann zl yue wd yii zhao zhr kc- hadu I yueyu zhoo zhi子不利也。”康子日：“我欲召之，可乎？ ”对日：“欲召之,z6 wil yi xioo rcn g0 zhi z6 yi6r wi-i kdng wen zl jiong g&ng tdi sho wen cib wo则毋以小人固之，则可矣。”而卫孔文子将攻太叔，问策於zhdng nt zhdng ni cl bii zhi tul mi ng zoi Cr xing

33、 yue nioo n6ng ze mu mu qi ndng仲尼。仲尼辞不知，退而命载而行，日：“鸟能择木，木岂能z6 nioo howdn zl gO zhi hui jl kong z( zhu gong hud gftng bin 96n9 1(n yi bi ylng择鸟乎！，文子固止。会季康子逐公华、公宾、公林，以币迎kftng zl k6ng zl gui 10孔子，孔子归鲁。kftng zi zhi qu h f6n shi si sul 6r fan hu h孔子之去鲁凡十四岁而反乎鲁。10 di sung wi-n zhc*nfldul yuczhdng zdi xudnc

34、henjl kong zi wt-n zhC*nfl yuc鲁哀公问政，对日：“政在选臣。”季康子问政，曰:加 zhl cu6 zho wo ng z6 wong zhG zhi kong zt hudn ddo kong zi yue g6u zi zhi bii “举直错诸枉，则枉者直。”康子患盗，孔子曰：“苟子之不yti sul stwng zht bo qi6rdn Io zhong bu n6ng ydng kdng zi kong zl yl bu qio shi欲，虽赏之不窃。”然鲁终不能用孔子，孔子亦不求仕。k6ng zi zhi shi zhsu shi wei r II 枪

35、 他 shi shu quo zhui jl san ddi zhi H孔子之时，周室微而礼乐废，诗书缺。追迹三代之礼，xCi sho chudn shdna jl tang yii zhi jl xid zhi qin mido bidn cl ql shi yuc xid 11 wO序书传，上纪唐虞之际，下至秦缪，编次其事。曰：“夏礼吾ndng ydn zhi qi bii zO zhi y。 yin 11 wii ni fdn 10r6n hdu Id zhang yo sdng gd d嗷如，绎如也，以成。”“吾自卫反鲁，然彳爰乐正，雅颂各得ql sue其所。”90 zhe- shi

36、san qidn yii pian jl zhl k6n9 zl qu qf zh6ns qo kc- shi wo 11 yi古者诗三千馀篇，及至孔子，去其重，取可施於礼义，shdng coi ql hdu jl zhong shfi yin zhou zhi shFng zhl you 11 zhi quo shi wo rdn xl 9C1 yue上采契后稷，中述殷周之盛，至幽厉之缺，始於衽席，故曰guan jo zhi luon yl wii feng shi lu m(ng wdi xioo yo shi w-n wdng wdi do yo shiqing mido“关雎之乱以为风

37、始，鹿鸣为小雅始，文王为大雅始，清庙wd sdng shisen bdi wii pidn kftng zi ji xidn ge zhi yl qiu he shdo wo yd sdng zhi yin为颂始”。三百五篇孔子皆弦歌之，以求合韶武雅颂之音。H Ie zi ci k。 de 6r shu yi bci w6n9 daoch4ng liu yi礼乐自此可得而述，以备王道，成六艺。kdng zl won dr xl yl xCi tudn xlxidng shuo guG win ydn dii yl wei biun孔子晚而喜易，序彖、系、象、说卦、文言。读易，韦编son ju6 yuc-jid w6 sho nidn ru6 shi w6 wo yl z0 bin bin yi三绝。曰：“假我数年，若是，我於易则彬彬矣。”k6ng z y shi shu If 怙 jido di zl gdi son qian yen s