高考英语语法精讲精练精析-名词性从句.docx

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1、专题十名词性从句一、概念定义：在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses)o名词性从句在复合句中能担任：主语、宾语(介词宾语)、表语、同位语，因此，根据它 在句中不同的语法功能，可分为：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：1 .连接连词：that, whether, if, as if和because。that引导名词性从句时,在主从句中不可以 充当任何句子成分，也没有任何含义。The face is that we have lost the game.The reason why he was late was that he m

2、issed the (rain this morning.He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.It looks as if it is going to rain.It happened that I went out last night.It is known to us how he became a writer.Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question.Everything depends on whether we have enoug

3、h money.2 .连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose 和 which。注意：what引导名词性从句时，在主从句中都要充当一定的句子成分，what可以分解成定语从句中的先行词+关系代词即常说的先行词+ thatoI want to know what he has told you.What he wants to tell us is not clear.3 .连接副词:when, where, how 和 why。That is why he didnt come to (he meeting.She always thinks

4、of how she can work well.Where the party will be held has not yet been announced.1 .语序问题。在名词性从句中，除了关联词在从句之首外，其他部分应用陈述句的语序。She will give whoever needs help a warm support.Why he did that was not clear.2 .用it代替主语从句或宾语从句。为了使句子保持平衡，常用先行词it来代替主语从句或K解析1起先他讨厌这个新工作，但决定给自己几个月时间看看是否能感觉好点。考查宾语 从句。答案D。R09 全国 IC

5、ould I speak tois in charge of International Sales please?A. who B. whatC. whoever D. whateverK答案1cR考点1考查宾语从句。E解析用戈能够和负责国际业务的人谈谈吗？ whoever既作了 to的宾语，乂作is in charge of International Sales please?的主语。“whoever”作代词，/ any person who / the person who / “任何人”、“无论谁”、“的人”。K09 海南 1 One of the most important qu

6、estions they had to consider wasof public healthA. what B. thisC. that D. whichK答案H cK考点1考查表语从句。K解析句意为：他们必须考虑其中最重要的问题是公共卫生。考查that作代词，that作代 词，往往用于特指，相当于“that+名词”，它也只能代替事情不能代替人。R09 陕西The how to book can be of help to wants to do the job.A. whoB. whomeverC. no matter who D. whoeverR答案51 DK考点】考查宾语从句。K解

7、析】此处从做介词to的宾语，是名词性从句，引导词做从句的主语，指人，意思是：无 论是谁，选DR09 上海As a new diplomat, he often thinks ofhe can react more appropriately onsuch occasions.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. howK答案3BK考点】考查宾语从句。K解析作为一名外交官，他经常考虑着如何在这样的场合表现得更得体。考查宾语从句，从 句缺少方式状语。答案D。R09 四川INews came from the school office Wang Lin had been admitte

8、d to BeijingUniversity.A. whichB. whatC. thatD. whereK答案cK考点?考查同位语从句。K解析在该题中that引导了一个同位语从句来解释说明news的内容，由于该题把同位语 从句后置了，所以很多考生由于不能正确分析句子结构而错误选择了 D项。K09 天津It is obvious to the students they should get well prepared for their future.A. asB. whichC. whetherD. thatK答案I DK考点1考查主语从句。K解析很显然，学生应该为将来做好准备。h为形式主

9、语,that引导的真正的主语。K09 浙江Is there any possibility you could pick me up at the airport?- No problem.A. WhenB. thatC. whetherD. whatR答案BK考点1考查同位语从句。K解析】一一你能到机场接我吗？一一没问题。答案B。E09 重庆 UWc should consider the students , requestthe school library provide more books onpopular science.A. thatB. whenC. whichD. whe

10、reK答案】AK考点I考查宾语从句。K解析?我们应当考虑下学生们的要求：学校图书馆能多提供些关于科普方面的书。考查同 位语从句。从句句子结构完整，因此用that引导。答案A。09 江苏Many young people in the West arc expected to leave _ could be lifes most important decisionmarriage-almost entirely up to luck.A. asB. thatC. whichD. whatK答案1 DK考点】考查宾语从句。K解析X预计许多西方年轻人会把可能是人生中最重要的抉择一婚姻，几乎完全交

11、由幸运之神掌握。_could be life5 s most important decision”是leave的宾语从句，从句缺少主语,因此用what。答案D。R09 陕西The how-to book can be of help towants to do the job.A who B whomever C no matter who D whoeverK答案1DR考点1考查宾语从句。K解析这本指南书对想要从事这项工作的都人会有帮助。宾语从句中缺少主语，排除B； no matter who虽然意思上和whoever相同，但只能引导让步状语从句，也排除。Whoever既 作主语中动词或介

12、词的宾语，又作从句中的主语，相当于anyone whoiwho不具备这种语法 功能。答案D。K09 山东The little girl who got lost decided to remain she was and wait for hermother.A. whereB. whatC. howD. whoK答案X AK考点1考查表语从句。K解析】remain是系动词，后加表语从句，由句意可知，从句缺地点状语，所以选A。E08 北京IThe companies arc working together to createthey hope will be the bestmeans of

13、 transport in the 21st century.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. whoK答案】cK考点1考查宾语从句。R 解析?该句中 they hope 是插入语，故 will be the best means of transport in the 21 st century”实际上是create的宾语，且缺少宾语从句的连接词，并且该连接词要指物且在从句 中作主语,what可以起到该作用。08 天津The last time we had great fun was we were visiting the Water Park.A. whereB. ho

14、wC. whenD. whyK答案cK考点1考查表语从句。R解析X由the last time可知是表示时间,故用when引导表语从句。K08 安徽Students arc always interested in finding out they can go with a new teacher.A. how farB. how soonC. how oftenD. how longK答案AK考点?考查宾语从句。K解析I how far多远；how soon多久；how often多长时间一次；how long多长时间。K08 湖南When askedthey needed most, t

15、he kids said they wanted to feel importantand loved.A.whatB.whyC.whomD.whichK答案X AK考点1考查宾语从句。K解析】句意为：当被问到他们最需要什么时，孩子们说他们想让别人觉得他们是重要的，希 望被爱。what引导宾语从句，且what在从句中作needed的宾语。R08 陕西Tomorrow is Toms birthday. Have you got any idea the party is to be held?A. whatB. whichC. thatD.whereK答案1 DK考点1考查同位语从句。K解析X

16、由句式结构可以判断the party is to be held是get any idea的同位语，故空格处应为同位语从句的引导词，且该从句中句子成分完整，但语意不完整，故应选择D项，表 示地点。08 重庆People in Chongqing are proud of(hey have achieved in the past ten years.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.howK答案X CK考点1考查宾语从句。K解析what引导名词性从句，同时充当achieved的宾语。K08 浙江Some children want to challenge themselves by

17、learning a language different from their parents speak at home.A. whatB. thatC. whichD. oneK答案1 AK考点1考查宾语从句。K解析X句中的from缺少宾语,what既引导了宾语从句，又充当了 speak的宾语。K08 福建is known to us all is that the Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.A.ItB.WhatC.AsD.WhichK答案1BK考点X考查主语从句。K解析分析题干结构“is known to us all”是主语从句

18、，从句中缺少主语,what引导主语从句，在从句中作主语。如果选it,需去掉all后的is;如果选as;需去掉is that。R08 山东was most important to her, she told me, was her family.A.ItB.ThisC.WhatD.AsR答案1 cK考点1考查主语从句。R解析what引导主语从句，同时又在从句中充当主语。K07 全国 H X matters most in learning English is enough practice.A.WhatB.WhyC.WhereD.WhichK答案X AK考点1考查主语从句。K解析】本题考查主

19、语从句，且从句中缺少主语，所以A项正确。07 天1聿1The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer.Warm sunshine and soft sandsmakeit is.A.whatB.whichC.howD. whereK答案】AK考点1考查宾语从句。R解析句意为：每年夏天这儿的海边都吸引大量的游客。温暖的阳光和柔软的沙滩使海边 成了现在的样子。what引导宾语从句，且what在从句中作表语，意为“的（东西）R07 安徽You can only be sure ofyou have at present; you canno

20、t be sure ofsomethingyou might get in the future.A.that;whatB.what;/C.which;that D./;thatK答案BK考点1考查宾语从句。K解析Iwhat引导宾语从句，并在从句中作宾语；that引导定语从句，并在从句中作宾语，可 以省略。K07 湖南Having checked the doors were closed, andall the lights were off, (heboy opened the door to his bedroom.A. whyB.thatC.whenD.whereK答案X BK考点考查

21、宾语从句。K解析1句意为:确保门关上了，且所有的灯都关上了之后，那个男孩打开门进了他的卧室。 checked后跟了两个宾语从句，第一个从句的引导词ihat省略了。R07 陕西 parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children.A.ThatB.WhichC.WhatD.AsR答案X CK考点本题考查名词性从句的选用。R解析分析句子结构可知，此处主语从句缺少动词say and do的宾语，故用what。R07 浙江Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? Thatsthe best jobs ar

22、e.A.whereB.whalC.whenD.whyK答案AK考点1本题考查名词性从句。K解析X句意为：为什么不到市中心商业区去碰碰运气呢，鲍勃？那是最好的工作所在的地 方。where”的地方”，在此引导表语从句。K07 福建It is none of your businessother people think about you.Believe yourself.A.howB.whatC.whichD.whenK答案BK考点1本题考查名词性从句。K解析】分析句子结构可知,it作形式主语，而真正的主语应为后面的从句，且从句中缺少动 词think的宾语，故用what引导。K07 江:苏Cho

23、osing the right dictionary depends onyou want to use it for.A. whatB.whyC.howD.whetherK答案AK考点1考查宾语从句。K解析what引导的名词性从句作介词on的宾语,what在从句中又充当介词for的宾语，其 他选项为副词或连词，无此作用。K07 ill 东Could I speak tois in charge of International Sales, please?A.anyoneB.someoneC.whoeverD.no matter whoK答案1CK考点X考查宾语从句。K解析whoever在句

24、中引导名词性从句，作介词to的宾语，whoever在从句中作主语；no matter who只能引导让步状语从句。K07山东) worries me the way he keeps changing his mind.A.ThisB.ThalC.WhatD.KR答案1 DK考点1考查主语从句。R解析it在句中代指所发生的事情，the way在句中作方式状语，同时又作了先行词，其后 为定语从句，省略了引导词that或in which.K06 全国 I 3 See (he flags on top of (he building? That waswe did (his morning.A.wh

25、enB.whichC.whereD.whatK答案DK考点1本题考查了表语从句的用法。K解析X由句中句子结构可知，此处缺一表语从句引导词，而且要在句中作did的宾语，故只 有what符合要求。K06 全国 H X What did your parents think about your decision?一They always let me doI think I should.A.whenB.thaiC.howD.whatK答案X DK考点1考查宾语从句。R解析I what可以在宾语从句中作主语、宾语或表语。在本题中作动词do的宾语。R06 北京1Could you do me a f

26、avor?- 1( depends oni( is.A.whichB.whicheverC.whatD.whateverK答案1 cK考点】考查宾语从句。K解析X疑问词+ever引导让步状语从句或名词性从句，但句意为：要看帮什么忙了。所以 whatever不合适。R06 天聿What we used to thinkimpossible now does seem possible.A.isB.wasC.has beenD.will beK答案X BK考点考查主语从句.R解析1由句意“我们以前认为不可能的事现在看起来的确是可能的”和谓语动词used to think可知空格处的谓语部分应该表达

27、过去意义。E06 山东 team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.A.No matter what B.No matter whichC.Whatever D.WhicheverR答案X DK考点考查主语从句。R解析】由句式结构可知此空白处应选择连词引导主语从句，且在主语从句中作team的定 语使用，选项中只有whichever和whichever可同时具备这两种功能，且从数个己知的队中选 择一个，故选whichever。K06 安徽A warm thought suddenly came to me

28、I might use the pocket money tobuy some flowers for my mothers birthday.A.ifB.whenC.thatD.whichK答案1cK考点】考查同位语从句。K解析】Ihal弓I导同位语从句，解释a warm thought的具体内容。Ihat只起连接作用，但不能 省略。R06 四川】一Its thirty years since we last met.But I still remember the story, believe it or not,we got lost on a rainy night.A. whichB

29、.thatC.whatD.whenK答案9BK考点】that引导同位语从句。K解析which引导定语从句在从句中要作成分；when引导定语从句缺少表时间的先行词。 06 辽宁】 makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.A.WhatB.WhoC.WhateverD.WhoeverK答案X AK考点考查主语从句。R解析1 what引导主语从句，并作从句的主语,what二the thing that。宾语从句，而把主语从句或宾语从句放到后面，尤其是ihal引导的主语从句常用于此种句式 中，但what, wh

30、atever, whoever, whichever引导的主语从句一般不后置。3.名词性从句中关联词的选择是非常重要的，所以在高考中更多的是考查关联词的选择， 尤其是what用法要多多体会。高考真题探究（一）【北京卷 22 Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.A. WhichB. WhatC. ThatD. Whom【答案】B【考点】考察名词性从句中的主语从句。【解析】句意：这个惊人的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么严重的问题。结合句意可知答案 为A,此处what引导的宾语从句是一个感叹句。北京卷 31 The sho

31、cking news mad me realize terrible problems we would face.A. whatB. howC. thatD. why【答案】A【考点】考查名词性从句中的宾语从句。【解析】由句中的IS可知其前面是由what引导的主语从句，且what在从句中作。ffer的宾 语，故答案为A项。【上海卷 35 There is clear evidence the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodilypain.A. whatB. ifC. howD. that【答案】D【考点】考皆名词性从句中的同

32、位语从句。【解析】句意为：证据表明，所有能够说明的感觉中最困难的是身体的疼痛。分析句子结构， 从句中不错成分，故用关联词that。【上海卷 38 The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of others actually understand.A. whyB. thatC. whichD. what【答案】D【考点】考查名词性从句中的宾语从句。【解析】句意为：你试图通过言语表达的意思或许恰恰跟别人理解的相反。【山东卷 26 I am afraid hes more of a talker

33、 than a doer, which is he never finishesanything.A. that B. when C. where D. why【答案】D【考点】考查表语从句。【解析】句义：我恐怕他比起来一个实践家更是一个空谈家，那就是他一事无成的原因。本 文“which is.”引导的一个非限定性定语从句中有一个表语从句根据句意用“why”引导。山东卷 33 Weve offered her the job, but I dont know she,ll accept it.A. whereB. what. whetherD. which【答案】C【考点】此题考查宾语从句的引

34、导词。【解析】根据句意“我们提供给她了这份工作，但我不知道她是否会接受“。whether ”是否”， where ”哪里what 什么”,which 哪个“。江西卷 26. The villagers have already known well do is to rebuild the bridge.A. thisB. thatC. whatD. which【答案】C【考点】考察宾语从句和主语从句。【解析】村民们已经知道我们将要做的事情是重建这座桥，后面的宾语从句的主语从句中缺 少主语且指物，所以选择whai。江苏卷 26 It was never clear the man hadnt

35、reported the accident sooner.A. thatB. howC. whenD. why【答案】A【考点】考查主语从句。【解析】句意：这名男子没有早点报告这次事故的原因根本没有搞清楚。It在句中是形式主 语，真正的主语是why引导的主语从句。【安徽卷 33 His writing is so confusing that its difficult to make out it is he is trying to express.D. whatA. that B. how C. who【答案】D【考点】考查名词性从句。【解析】句意为：他的笔迹非常混乱，很难弄清他想表达什

36、么意思。本题考查动词短语make out引起的的宾语从句，该空在宾语从句中作express的宾语，表示事物，故选择D项。That 在宾语从句中不作句子成分；how作方式状语；who作主语，指人。只有what可用作宾语 并且指事物。【四川卷 10】Our teachers always tell us to believe in we do and who we are if wewant to succeed.A. whyB. how C. what D. which【答案】C【考点】考查名词性从句。【解析】in介词之后所接的宾语从句中缺少及物动词do的宾语，指事物，故填whato why”为

37、 什么”；how“怎么样”;which“哪一个【辽宁卷 23 Twenty students want to attend the class (hat aims to (each to read first.A. whatB. who. howD. why【答案】C【考点】考查名词性从句。【解析】句子意思：20个学生想要去听旨在教授如何快速阅读的课程。根据句子结构可知， that aims to teach to read first.是定语从句，修饰先行词class,在此定语从句中，teach后接的宾语从句中缺少表示方式的连接词，故how正确。此处为“连接词+t。do”结构。辽宁卷 32

38、When the news came the war broke out, he decided, to serve in the army.A. sinceB. whichC. (hatD. because【答案】C【考点】考查同位语从句。【解析】句意：当战争爆发的消息传来时，他决定去部队服役。此处的“ the war broke out”解释说明the news的具体内容，且从句中不缺少成分，故为同位语从句，用that连接。【天津卷 13】Modern science has given clear evidence smoking can lead to many diseases.A.

39、 whatB. whichC. thatD. where【答案】C【考点】考查名词性从句中的同位语从句。【解析】句意为：现代科技已经给出了充分的证据，表明吸烟可能引起许多疾病。陕西卷 15 Id like to start my own business-thats Fd do if I had the money.A. why B. when C. which D. what【答案】D【考点】考查名词性从句中的表语从句。【解析】后面从句不完整，do后面缺少宾语，所以要填连接代词what,答案D。【重庆卷 22 Il is still under discussion（he old bus s

40、tation should be replaced with a modem hotel or not.A. whetherB. whenC. whichD. where【答案】A【考点】考查名词性从句。【解析】slill under discussion”还在讨论中”说明“旧中巴车站是否应该被一个宾馆替代”还没 决定。且根据后面的whether.or not也可以做出正确选择。【重庆卷 34】It is not always easy for the public to see use a new invention can be of tohuman life.A. whoseB. wha

41、tC. whichD. that【答案】B【考点】考查宾语从句。【解析】What引导宾语从句,同时在从句中作use的定语。还原句子为“a new invention can be of what use”。湖南卷）31 Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious the problem itself is.A. what B. that C. which D. why【答案】A【考点】本题考察的是名词性从句中主语从句。【解析】从句中缺表语，排除B和D；又因题目没有给出problem的范围，故选A；句意： 在解决问题之前，一定要弄清楚问题

42、是什么。K10 福建We should respect food and think about the people who dont have we have here and treat food nicely.A. thatK答案？ cB. whichC. whatD. whetherK考点宾语从句R解析1空格在句中充当宾语。我们应该尊重食物，考虑那些我们所拥有的东西和认真对待 食物的态度。K 1()湖南ICindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knewshe was so angry

43、.A. whereB. whetherC. thatD. whyK答案】DK考点I考查名词性从句。K解析该空引导宾语从句，根据句意“办公室中没人知道她为什么如此生气可判断选D 项。K 10 天:聿As a new graduate, he doesnt knowit takes to start a business here.A. how B. what C. When D. whichK答案1 BK考点X考查名词性从句。K解析1句意：作为一名新毕业生，他不知道需要什么才能在这里开始经营。空格后的从句 中takes是动词，其后缺少宾语，所以引导该宾语从句的连接词要用what。K10 北京Is

44、ome people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.A. Whether B. What C. ThatD. HowK答案BK考点】本题考查主语从句。K解析1句意：一些人眼中的缺点是别人眼中的优点。从句中缺宾语，只能用B. whal来引 导.C.中的That引导主语从句不做成分。K10 浙江一How about camping this weekend, just for a change?一OK,you want.A. whichever B. howeverC. whateverD. whoeverK答案】CK考

45、点X本题考查引导词。K解析1句意：“这个周末野营怎么样，来点新鲜的？ ”“好啊，按你的意思吧！ ”根据语境分 析出后者支持前面的提出的观点。K10 浙江It is uncertainside effect the medicine will bring about, although about twoC. howC. howthousand patients have taken it.D. whetherA. thatB. whatK答案1BK考点本题考查主语从句的引导词。K解析根据句意：尽管大约有两千名病人服用过这种药物，但是，它会带来什么样的副作 用还不确定。side effect意思

46、是“副作用”，还原主语从句中的主干是the medicine will bring about side effect,故选择whai,形容词“什么样的”，起修饰作用。E10 上海One reason for her preference for city life isshe can have easy access toplaces like shops and restaurants.A. thatB. howC. whatD. whyR答案4AK考点此处考查的是同位语从句。K解析1考查（hai引导同位语从句的用法。此处ihai不可以省略。K10 湖北The news （房价将要下跌）h

47、as caused many people to sell their houses at lower prices, （fall）K答案R that the housing price will fallK考点X同位语从句K解析1用“that”引导同位语从句,“房价”译成“housing price”。K10 山东 Before the sales start, I make a list of my kids will need for the coming season.A. why B. what C. how D. whichK答案X BK考点本题考查宾语从句的引导词。K解析1句意应为“在大甩卖开始前，我把孩子们在下个季节里要用到的东西列了一个清 单。”分析句式结构可知，空格处在句中引导宾语从句且在从句中充当need的宾语，所以B 项结构正确。which引导名词性从句时多表示疑问且要有一个明确的范围。K10 上海When changing lanes, a driver should u