2023年上海市高考英语模拟试卷笔试部分（iRead23010）含答案.docx

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1、试卷编号：230102022-2023学年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海英语模拟试卷Listening comprehension略Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the g

2、iven word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Cats are actually surprisingly bad at catching ratsIf you are annoyed by rats, think twice about getting a cat. A cat might lead to the appearance of a rat-free home, but it turns out that the rats are still there. They are just

3、 keeping a low profile.Cats are not the natural enemy of rats, says Michael Parsons of Fordham University, New York. They prefer smaller prey.”His team (21)(study) a rat colony at a recycling plant in New York in the past few years. When cals moved into the plant last year, the researchers were disa

4、ppointed, but decided to set up cameras (22)(monitor) the area.Over five months, they saw just three attempts by cats to catch rats, only two of (23)succeeded.Cats have good reasons to be cautious. The common rat has large teeth that can give a painful bite and carry lots of diseases. They also (24)

5、(weigh) 340 grams on average compared with 25 grams for a mouse.Parsons thinks that only starving cats will attempt to catch rats, (25)the rats are sick or injured. The two rats (26)(kill) during the teams study may have been weakened by eating poisoned food, he says.However, cats do have a big infl

6、uence on rat behaviour. Rats overestimate the risk caused by cats J says Parsons. His team found that when cats are in the area, rats spend much more time in (27) (hide) and move around cautiously. That means they are much less likely to be seen by people, which could explain why a statement is wron

7、g.D. But sometimes there arc shortcuts to make your point convincing.E. If you are not sure of the facts, do some web browsing on your phone rather than trying to wing it.F. If this happens, you dont have to just sit there quiet.Changing Someone*s Mind at the Dinner TableFamily gatherings can bring

8、up topics we prefer to avoid. With the festive season in full swing, it might be hard to stay away from some annoying relatives. At some point, you know they will say something like: Genetically modified foods are not safe to eat or Climate change is a conspiracy”. （Surely, all these statements are

9、untrue.）67Is it worth making an effort to correct people?” says Jason Reifler at the University of Exeter, UK, who studies ways of challenging misperceptions. UI think so.Obviously, it is far more difficult to prove false beliefs wrong than to spread them.Take a classic: The climate has always chang

10、ed, its nothing to do with humans. To fight this, you need to explain how the world is now wanning at an alarming rate, when otherwise it would be cooling slightly were it not for our carbon dioxide emissions.69 Parallel arguments can often highlight logical errors very effectively, says John Cook o

11、f George Mason University, Virginia. For instance, the climate is always changing myth is like claiming that because people have always stolen from each other, leaving your house unlocked wont increase the risk of burglary （入室抢劫）.But you need to be aware of the backfire （适得其反的）effect. 70 This was di

12、scouraging news for the fight against false beliefs. The last thing you want to do when debunking （驳斥）misinformation is make matters worse, wrote Cook and Stephan Lewandowsky at the University of Bristol, UK, in The Debunking Handbook, a short guide published in2011. However, more recent studies are

13、 far more encouraging. Its not as common as we initially thought, says Lewandowsky.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible.Working AroundAccording to th

14、e latest statistics, young men and women from the UK are leaving their country in large numbers because they want to work abroad. Is the idea of working abroad fact or fiction and what is it like to work in another country?In order to find answers to these questions, the Guardian newspaper recently

15、interviewed British workers in France, Germany, Spain and Holland. What they discovered was that if you have a marketable skill and can speak the language of the country you are in, then you will have no problem finding work. Lets take the following examples. Peter Tate moved to France in 1991. He h

16、ad studied lighting design in England and had worked for eleven years in theatres around the country. He wanted a different lifestyle and certainly didnt expect to get a job in his field immediately.He did a number of different jobs until he was finally hired by Disneyland Paris in 1992. First he wo

17、rked there as a lighting technician, then he eventually got a job in design. After all his experience, he says that you have to be realistic about finding exactly the kind of job you want abroad. The theatre is a small world/ he explains. Jobs arc usually found through contracts. I had to get to kno

18、w people first and I didnt speak very good French when I first arrived.He admits that his poor level of French was a big problem. He did a three-month language course before he moved to France permanently, but this still was not enough. He says that if you want to get a good job in another country,

19、you have to be able to speak the language well. A lack of language skills is the main problem when trying to find work in Europe,TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72 .这场失利暴露出这支全新队伍的不足之处。(expose).这个区域有9个大小不一、形态各异的湖泊。(vary)73 .

20、正当我因为出差无人照顾家中小猫而一筹莫展时，邻居主动伸出了援助之手。 (offer).那篇小学生作文之所以得到人们的共鸣，就是因为它指出了我们对日常生活 的漫不经心。(The reason)VI. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假设你是明启中学高三学生李明，你校英语报正在进行主题为“如何应对压力” 的征文，你有意参加，写一篇短文，内容须包括：1)你对如何应对压力的建议；2)用具

21、体的事例说明这一建议的有效性。参考答案II. Grammar and Vocabulary21. has been studying. 22. to monitor. 23. which. 24. weigh. 25. unless26. killed. 27. hiding 28. why 29. be convinced 30. for31. H32. A33. K34. E35. G36. F37. C38. D39. J40. BIII. Reading Comprehension Section A41. B42. B43. D44. C45. B46. C47. D48. C49.

22、 A50. D51. B52. D53. C54. A55. ASection B56. B57. C58. B59. C60. A61.B62. C63. C64. B65. C66. BSection C67. F68. C69. D70. AIV. Summary WritingMany youngBritishpeople chooseto work in anothercountry. TheGuardianinterviews such workers and find that those with language or professional skills can find

23、 a job more easily. Peter Tates experience is a case in point. He found an ideal job one year after he moved to France in 1991. He owed it to his fluency in French.V. TranslationThe loss in this match exposed the shortcomings of this new team.72. There are nine lakes in this area which vary in size

24、and shape.73. When I was worried that no one could take care of my kitten while I was away on a business trip, my neighbor offered a helping hand.74. The reason why people identify with this primary school students composition is that it points out our casual attitude towards daily life.VI. Guided W

25、riting 略(28)most people wrongly think cats are good at killing rats.Some cat owners may (29)(convince) their pets arc excellent ratters. But Parsons has found that many people mistake mice (30)rats. That said, it is possible there are a few exceptional cats that do take on healthy, adult rats, he sa

26、ys.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. contributors B. describing C. distinct D. favorites E. invitations F. limitsG. name H. pleasurable L recall J. unexplored K. useful

27、The unique joy of learning new wordsWith all thats happening in the news, life can feel like an exercise in determining the particular kind of bad we are experiencing. Are we anxious or depressed? Lonely or stressed?Tim Lomas, a senior lecturer in positive psychology at the University of East London

28、, is engaged in the opposite effort: analyzing all the types of well-being that he can find. Specifically, Lomas is seeking to uncover psychological insights by collecting untranslatable words that describe 31 feelings we dont haveterms for in English. Its almost like each one is a window onto a new

29、 landscape,n Lomas says. So far, with the help of many 32 he has collected nearly1,000 in what he calls a “positive lexicography (词 典学)People are fascinated with untranslatable words in part because they are 33: How else could we talk to each other about the guilty pleasure of schadenfreude? But Lom

30、as also sees them as a means of showing us new possibilities fbr ways of living,“ describing them as 34 fbr people to experience happy phenomena that may previously have been hidden from them or to take delight in feelings they couldnt previously 35 . Consider the Japanese ohanami, a word for gather

31、ing with others to appreciate lowers.Linguists (语言学家)have long argued about how much the language we speak-partly determined by factors like geography and climate_36 thethoughts we are capable of having or the actions we can take. The worlds in which different societies live are 37 worlds, not merel

32、y the same world with different labels attached,1 wrote the theorist Edward Sapir.Studying the words in Lomas collection, at the least, is a means of reflecting on ways that we can feel good. When asked for one of his 38 . the psychologist lists the German Femweh, which describes a longing to travel

33、 to distant lands, a kind of homesickness for the 39. Also delightful is the Danishmorgenfrisk,40 the satisfaction one gets from a good nights sleep, andthe Latin otium, highlighting the joy of being in control of ones own time.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the fol

34、lowing passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Most forms of conventionaladvertisingprint,radio and broadcasttelevisionhave been losing ground to online ads fbr years; only billboards, dating back to the 1800

35、s, and TV ads are holding their own. Such out-of-home advertising, as it is known, is expected to 41 by 3.4% in 2022, and digital out-of-home(DOOH) advertising, which includes the LCD screens found in airports and shopping malls, by 16%. Such ads draw viewers5 attention from phones and cannot be ski

36、pped or 42, unlike ads online.Billboard owners are also 43 the location data that are pouring offpeoples smartphones. Information about their owners locations and online browsing gets collected and sold to media owners. They then use these data to work out when different groups 一business travellersM

37、, say- walk by their ads. That 44is added to insights into traffic, weather and other external data to produce highly relevant ads. DOOH 45 can deliver ads for coffee when it is cold and iced drinks when it is warm.Such 46 works particularly well when it is accompanied by programmatic advertising me

38、thods, a term that describes the use of data to automate and improve ads. In the past year billboard owners such as Clear Channel and jcDecaux have 47 programmatic platforms which allow brands and mediabuyers to select, purchase and place ads in minutes, rather than days or weeks. It is said that ou

39、tdoor ads will increasingly be bought like online ones, based on audience and views as well as 48.That is possible because billboard owners claim to be able to 49how well their ads are working, even though no click-through rates are involved. Data firms can tell advertisers how many people walk past

40、 individual advertisements at particular times of the day. Advertisers can estimate how many individuals50 to an ad for a handbag then go on to visit a nearby shop (or website)and buy the product. Such metrics make outdoor ads more 51 -driven,automated and measurable, argues Michael Provenzano, co-f

41、ounder of Vistar Media, an ad-tech firm in New York.However, the outdoor-ad revolution is not 52-free. The collection ofmobile-phone data raises privacy concerns. And 53 of the online-ad business for being vague, and occasionally dishonest, may also be targeted at the OOH business as it becomes bigg

42、er and more complex. The industry is ready to 54 such concerns, says Jean-Christophe Conti, chief executive ofVIOOH, a media-buying platform. One of the 55 of following the online-ad pioneers,he notes, is learning from their mistakes.41. A. shrinkB. growC. disappearD. emerge42. A. obtainedB. blocked

43、C. separatedD. arranged43. A. making progressinB. getting engaged inC. becoming part ofD. taking advantage of44. A. valueB. recordC. knowledgeD. feeling45. A. opponentsB. providersC. learnersD. instructors46. A. addingB. collectingC. targetingD. producing47. A. changedB. forbiddenC. clearedD. launch

44、ed48. A. marketingB. evolutionC. locationD. branding49. A. measureB. wonderC. noticeD.forget50. A. devotedB. opposedC. relatedD. exposed5LA. conceptB. dataC. customerD. research52. A. stressB. conflictC. injuryD. problem53. A. aspectsB. demandsC. criticismsD. details54. A. addressB.shareC. reflectD.

45、 emphasize55. A. benefitsB. difficultiesC. challengesD. conditionsSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there arc four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to t

46、he information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Kim Hyo Jin, a shy junior high school student, stood before her American teacher. The smiling teacher held up a green pepper (青椒)and asked in clear English: What is this?Peemang! answered the South Korean teenager, who then covered her mouth

47、with a hand as if to stop-too late -the Korean word that had left her mouth.Embarrassed, she tried again. Without looking the teacher in the eye, she held both her hands out and asked, this time in English: May I have green pepper?”Kim took the vegetable with a bow, and ran back to her classmates, f

48、eeling relieved that she had successfully taken a small first step toward overcoming what South Koreans consider one of their biggest weaknesses in global competitiveness: the fear of speaking in English to westerners.Kim was among 300 junior high school students going through a weeklong training in this new English Village”. The complex looks like a mini-town transplanted from a European country to t