2021届全国高三下学期高考考前信息英语冲刺（北京卷）04Word版含解析.docx

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1、2021年高考英语全真冲剌卷（北京专用）（考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：100分）第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）How can you stop smoking?It is not easy to stop smoking, but millions of people have 1 to quit and so can you.Here arc a few suggestions.Prepare yourself. Decide on a day to quit. Dont choose a day that you know i

2、s going to be stressful, such as the day of an exam. Make a list of all the 2 you will get from stopping smoking. Then 3 your last packet of cigarettes.Be 4 . Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette. 5 yourself that you are a non-smoker. Reread the list of benefits you wrote earlier.Break （he h

3、abit. Instead of smoking a cigarette, do something else. Go for a walk, clean your teeth, drink some water, clean the house; in fact, do anything to keep your mind and 6 your hands busy.Relax. If you start to feci nervous or stressed, do not reach 7 a cigarette .Try some deep breathing instead. Do s

4、ome relaxation exercise every time you feel stressed.Get help if you need it. Arrange to stop smoking with a friend so you can talk about your problems, or join a stop-smoking group. If you feel 8 you might like to talk to a doctor or chemist about something to help you, like nicotine chewing gum.Ke

5、ep trying. Do not be disappointed if you have to try several times before you stop smoking. If you 9 and have a cigarette, do not feel ashamed. Just try again, and you will succeed 10 .1.A. managedB. triedC. wantedD. expected1 A. valuesB. benefitsC. resultsD. profits3.A. give awayB. take awayC. thro

6、w awayD. keep away4.A. addictedB. accustomedC. determinedD. depressed5.A. prepareB. informC. threatenD. remind6.A. especiallyB. speciallyC. normallyD. certainly7.A. outB. forC. atD. to8.A. desperateB. satisfiedC. arbitraryD. conscious9.A. slickB. continueC. weakenD. insistchallenging to memorize the

7、m all. For instance, both plastic bottles and bubble tea or coffee cups are plastic materials. However, the former falls to the category of recyclable waste and the latter belongs to residual waste. To save the hassle, some netizens have come up with their own way to sort trash.We should do this fro

8、m a pigs angle, commented one netizen. Those edible （可食用）for pigs are household food waste. Those even pigs dont want to eat are residual waste. If a pig consumes something and dies of it, then something must be harmful waste. Those that can be sold and the money we gain can be used to purchase pigs

9、 arc recyclable waste.The new regulation came into effect on July 1. Those who do not sort their trash properly will be fined RMB200.31. What do the old coats that you want to throw away belong to?A. Harmful waste.B. Wet trash.C. Recyclable waste.D. Residual waste32. What is （he common point of wel

10、trash?33. What is （he tone of the netizen like?A. They can be broken down easily.B. They all come from plants.C. They all have bad smells.D. They all have poisonous materials.A. Serious.B. Humorous.C. Delightful.D. Uncertain.34. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. The fbur sorts of garbing ar

11、e forbidden in Shanghai.B. Shanghai garbage sorting enforcement begins.C. people are still confused about garbage sorting.D. The netizens in Shanghai support the garbage sorting policy.【答案及解析】CABB【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了上海垃圾分类政策的规范，包括有害垃圾、可回收垃圾、湿垃 圾等的分类规范。31 .细节理解题。由文中 Paper, plastic, glass, metal and te

12、xtiles （纺织品）are counted as recyclable waste.可知,old coats是可回收利用的废品。由此可知,C项符合题意,故选C。32 .细节理解题。文中第五段提到“Household food waste 一 which is translated to wet trash” in Chinese 一 refers to food leftovers, rotten food, pet food, fruit peels, remains of TOM herbs （中药）and flowers.厨余垃圾也可被称作湿垃圾，其中包括一些水果皮、中药渣、花等等，

13、由此可知 这类垃圾都能够轻易被破坏，故选A。33 .推理判断题。根据“We should do this from a pig s angle,”可知，网民是用一种调侃的口气来 说的。A. Serious.严肃的,B. Humorous.幽默的，C. Delightful.令人愉快的，D. Uncertain.犹豫不决 的。由此可知，B项符合题意，故选B。34 .主旨大意题。文章第一段介绍了上海实行的垃圾分类政策，紧接着乂对各项垃圾进行了具体阐述，由 此判断本文主要介绍了上海正在实行垃圾分类。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳

14、选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whi1e most people feel lonely now and then, it usually only lasts between a few minutes and a few hours. 35. Psychologists are studying this complex phenomenon, and have identified three different types of Ioneliness.The first kind of loneliness is temporary. 36. The second kind, situ

15、ational loneliness, is a natural result of a particular situation-for example, a family problem, the death of a loved one, or moving to a new place. Although this kind of loneliness can cause physical problems, it usually does not last for more than a year. The third kind of loneliness is the most s

16、evere. 37. People who experience chronic （慢性的）loneliness have many problems socializing and becoming close to others. Unfortunately, many chronically lonely people think there is little or nothing they can do to improve their conditions.38. We depend on various people for different reasons. For inst

17、ance, our families give us emotional support, our parents and teachers give us guidance, and our friends share similar interests and activities. However, psychologists have found that the number of social contacts we have is not the only reason for loneliness. 39. In other words, though lonely peopl

18、e may have many social contacts, they sometimes fell they should have more. They question their own popularity.A. However, this type of loneliness is not so serious.B. For some people, though, loneliness can last for years.C. Psychologists are exploring possible ways to solve the problem.1） . It usu

19、al ly disappears quickly and does not require any special attention.E. It is more important how many social contacts we think or expect we should have.F. Psychologists agree that one important factor in loneliness is a person* s social contacts. G. Unlike the second type, habitual loneliness usually

20、 lasts more than two years and has no specific cause.【答案及解析】B D G F E【文章大意】这是一篇选句填空。本文主要讨论了孤独：心理学家把孤独分为了三种，第一种孤独不会持 续太久，它是最普通的一种孤独；第二种是情景式孤独，是某种特定情况产生的自然结果；与前两种不同， 第三种孤独是最严重的，通常持续两年以上，没有具体原因。35. 根据前文 While most people feel lonely now and then, it usually only lasts between a few minutes and a few ho

21、urs.可知尽管大多数人偶尔会感到孤独，这种孤独通常只持续几分钟。B. For some people, though, loneliness can last for years.然而，对于一些人来说孤独可以持续几年。符合文意，故选B 项。36. 根据前文 The first kind of loneliness is temporary.可知第一种孤独是暂时的。D. It usually disappears quickly and does not require any special attention.它通常很快就消失,而且不需要任 何特别的关注。符合文意，故选I）项。37. 根据

22、前文前e third kind of loneliness is the most severe.可知第三种孤独是最严重的。G. Unlike the second type, habitual loneliness usually lasts more than two years and has no specific cause. 不像第二种，习惯性孤独通常持续超过两年，并且没有特别的原因。符合文意，故选G项。38. 根据前文We depend on various people for different reasons.可知我们因为不同的原因依赖各种 人。F. Psychologis

23、ts agree that one important factor in loneliness is a person* s social contacts. 心理学家相信孤独的一个重要因素是一个人的社交关系。符合文意，故选F项。39. 根据下文 In other words, though lonely people may have many social contacts, they sometimes fel 1 they should have more.可知换句话来说，孤独的人虽然有一些社交，但有时他们认为自己需要更 多。E. It is more important how m

24、any social contacts we think or expect we should have.更重 要的是我们觉得或者期待自己有多少社交关系。符合文意，故选E项。第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节阅读表达（共4小题；第1、2题各2分，第3题3分，第4题5分，共12分）Mandela Day is an annual international day adopted by the United Nations. It is more than a celebration of Nelson Mandelas life and legacy; it is a global

25、movement （o take his lifes work into a new century and change our world for the better.Mandela Day includes a series of events involving entertainment, music, films and community service with the hope of inspiring people around the globe to use their individual power to help change the world around

26、them for the better. A global movement for positive change begins with small actions. As each person acts, they motivate people to change positively, raising awareness and expanding the reach of Mr Mandelas valuesfighting injustice, helping people in need. On Mandela Day people all over the world, i

27、n the workplace, at home and in schools, will be called upon to spend at least 67 minutes of their time doing something useful within their communities, especially among the less fortunate.Mandela Day will be celebrated on the 18th of July each year. It will give people in South Africa and all over

28、the world the opportunity to do something good for others. Each of us can make a small difference simply by giving others a hand. If we all make a difference together, our collective effort can truly change the world. Mandela Day is a day for all of us to roll up our sleeves and play an active role

29、in building our communities. This is an opportunity for each of us to share Nelson Mandelas vision of a better future for all.However, to know some political activities of Nelson Mandela surely helps us to understand Mandela Day better.40. What is the main idea of Paragraph 2? (no more (han 8 words)

30、41. Explain the underlined phrase in Paragraph 3. (no more than 5 words)42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.Everyone can do something good for others, which will make a small difference simply by giving others a hand. But it is not enou

31、gh for the whole world.43. What do you think the writer will talk about if the passage continues? (about 40 words)【答案及解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍曼德拉日以及在曼德拉日所进行的活动，呼吁大家去 帮助那些需要帮助的人。44. Events that happen on Mandela Day./Differcnt activities to do on Mandela Day./What people do on Mandela Day.根据第二段第一句话可知本段主要介绍在曼

32、德拉日所进行的活动。45. Get ready to do sth./Set out to do sth./Get down to doing sth./Start/Begin to do sth, etc.词义猜测题。结合画线短语前后的句子可知答案。46. Everyone can do something good for othersf which will make a small difference simply by giving others a hand. But it is enough for the whole world.According to the passag

33、e, everyone can do something good for others, and it will make a small difference simply by giving others a hand. If we all make a difference together, our collective effort can truly change the world.第二节 书面表达(满分20分)假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Tim是中国功夫（kungfu）的爱好者。你得知今年八月你所在的城巾将举办一次国际功夫比赛。请你用英语给他写封邮件，询问他是否有兴趣参加。要点

34、包括：L比赛的时间和地点：2 .比赛的目的；.参加比赛的益处。注意：1 .词数100左右；.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；2 .开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。Dear Tim,How is everything going?I will accompany you during the competition. I am looking forward to hearing from you;Yours,Li Hua【范文】Dear Tim,How is everything going? I m writing to tel 1 you that the 15th Internatio

35、nal Kung Eu Competition will be held in Nanjing from August 20th to 24th at Olympic Gymnasium.As we know, kung fu is an important part of Chinese culture and has become increasingly popu 1 ar at home and abroad. This event aims to further expand the influence of kung fu worldwide. The organizers hop

36、e people will feel the charm of kung fu in this competition.I know you are a kung fu amateur. Are you interested in taking part in the event? You will be able to appreciate high-level kung fu performances and communicate with people sharing the same interest from all over the world. You can also imp

37、rove your techniques.I will accompany you during the competition. I m looking forweird to hearing from youYours,Li Hua10. A. eventually B. constantly C. occasionally D. normally 【要点综述】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍戒烟的几条建议。1. A根据句中的but可知尽管戒烟很难，但还是有成千上万的人戒掉了。manage to do sth成功做某 事；try to do sth努力做某事；want to do sth想做某事

38、；expect to do sth期望做某事。2. B句意：列举你会从戒烟中得到的好处。根据第三段的“Reread the list of benefits you wrote earlier.” 可知答案。3. C 句意：扔掠你兜里的最后一包烟。give away泄露，分发；take away拿走；throw away扔掉； keep away不接近。4. C 根据 卜 文的 “Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette,-,yourself that you arc a non-smoker.v 可 知，你一定要意志坚定。determined意

39、为“坚决的”，符合语境。5. D remind意为“提醒”,符合语境。6. A 根据本段的 “ Go for a walk, clean your teeth, drink some water, clean the house; in fact, do anything to keep your mind”可知，尤其是要让手忙起来。especially尤其是。7. B reach for是固定搭配，意思是“伸手去拿”。8. A desperate绝望的；satisfied满意的；arbitrary任意的；conscious意识到的。根据语境可知是如 果你感到绝望。9. C 从卜文的“and

40、have a cigarette”可知,如果你没那么坚强了。stick坚持；continue继续； weaken 变弱；insist 坚持。10. A 再试次，你终究会成功的。eventually意为“最终”，符合语境；constantly不断地：occasionally 偶然地；normally正常地。根据语境可知A项正确。第二节语法填空(共10小题；每小题L 5分，共15分)Since the start of reform and opening-up, Shenzhen 11. (grow) from a small fishing village to a modern city,

41、with its GDP 12. (increase) soaring from less than 200 million yuan in 1980 to 2.4 trillion yuan in 2018.With a population of 12 million people, the 13. (south) city is known for its strong innovation capabilities. It is home 14. more than 14.000 national high-tech giants, including Hua-Wei and Tenc

42、ent.Wang Xiaoguang, a professor of economics at the National Academy of Governance, said in 15. article published on Aug 3 in the Outlook Weekly, a magazine 16. (attach) to Xinhua News Agency, that many good examples of Chinas reform and opening-up originated in Shenzhen.11. has accumulated valuable

43、 experience for Chinas reform and opening-up 17. modern construction, and has made significant 18. （contribute） to exploring the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, Wang said.The essential feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics is the leadership of the Party, 19. plays a centr

44、al role in adjusting the overall situation, he said ,20. （refer） to Shenzhen as a good example of handling the relationship between market and government since Chinas reform and opening-up began.【答案】has grown 12. increasingly13. southern 14. tol5. an16. attached 17. and 18. contributions 19. vhich20

45、. referring【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。改革开放以来，深圳己经从一个小渔村发展成为一个现代化的城市, 它为中国的改革开放和现代建设枳累了宝贵经验，为探索中国特色社会主义道路做出了重要贡献。11 .考查时态。句意：改革开放以来，深圳已经从一个小渔村发展成为一个现代化的城市。since引导的 时间状语从句时，主句的谓语动词常用现在完成时，Shenzhen是句子主语。故填has grown。12 .考查副词。句意：深圳的GDP从1980年的不到2亿元人民币猛增到2018年的2. 4万亿元人民币。修 饰动词soar用副词,increase（增加）是动词，它的副词是increasingly（不

46、断增加地）。故填increasing!yo 13.考查形容词。句意：深圳这个南方城市拥有1200万人口，以其强大的创新能力而闻名。使用形容词 修饰名词city作定语，south （南方）是名词，它的形容词是southern （南方的）。故填southern。14 .考查固定搭配。句意：它是包括华为和腾讯在内的14,000多家国家高科技企业所在地。固定词组be home to的意思是“为的所在地”。故填to。15 .考杳冠词。句意：王小光教授在一篇文章中说，中国改革开放的许多很好的例子起源于深圳。根据句 意此处泛指“一篇文章”，所以使用不定冠词。article是以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。1

47、6 .考查非谓语动词。句意：展望周刊是新华社的一本杂志。be attached to附属于。分析句子结构， 谓语动词是said, attach是非谓语动词，因此使用attached to短语作后置定语修饰magazine。故填 attachedo.考查并列连词。句意：深圳为中国的改革开放和现代化建设积累了宝贵经验。该空应填入并列连词连 接 Chinas reform and opening-up 11 modern construction, 故填 and。17 .考查名词。句意：深圳为探索中国特色社会主义道路做出了重要贡献。固定词组make contributions to意为为做贡献故填c

48、ontributions。18 .考杳非限制性定语从句。句意：王小光教授说，中国特色社会主义的根本特征是党的领导，它在调整 大局中起着中心作用。分析句子结构可知，此处需填入引导非限定性定语从句的关系词，先行词是the leadership of the Party,从句缺主语,所以填 which。故填 which。19 .考查非谓语动词。句意：王小光教授提到深圳是中国改革开放以来处理市场与政府关系的一个很好的 例子。分析句子结构可知，refer是非谓语动词，它与句子主语he是主动的关系，应使用现在分词 referringo 故填 referring。第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AKQED is a Public Broadcasting Service station in California, US. The station is owned by Northern California Public Broadcasting. Some of its radio programs arc as follows: