北京市西城区北京第八中学2022-2023学年高一上学期期末英语试题 （原卷版）.docx

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1、2022-2023学年度高一第一学期期末练习题英语试卷本卷满分100分，考试时间90分钟一、完形填空（共10小题;每小题L5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并 在答题纸上将该项涂黑。On a foggy Sunday morning, Amrisha Vaish was sleeping soundly at home in Arlington, Virginia. The sound that woke him at 7:15 was so loud that he assumed it came from inside his h

2、ouse. As he got up to carefully, he heard another sound, this one coming most definitely from outside. Looking out of his bedroom window, he noticed a tree 2 in smoke about 500 yards away. A car was wrapped by smoke around the trees base, and its engine was on fire.Seeing that, he immediately grabbe

3、d buckets of water and ran to the crash site. Up close, the 3 looked worse. The car was split nearly in two, and the tree was where the drivers seat ought to have been, as if 4 there. He thought that no one could have survived this crash, and yet there was 15-ycar-old Quintin Thompson, still 5 with

4、his terrified face pressed against the drivers side window, in visible pain. Vaish tried putting out the fire with his buckets of water yet with no success. When the 6 got into the front seats, he realized he had to gel （he boy out of there as soon as possible.Instantly, Vaish tried to open the back

5、 door, but he failed. He picked up a stone beside the tree and hit the back door. This time, it 7. The back door was opened and Vaish crawled in. Thompson was struggling toget free when Vaish noticed how 8 his legs were. Using a pocketknife, Vaish sawed through Thompsons scat belt. Now that Thompson

6、 was free of restraints （束缚）,Vaish pulled him out of a window, and then dragged him to safety before the car was 9 surrounded by flames. Vaish called an ambulance as Thompson suffered severely. Soon, the doctors arrived and Vaish felt 10.1. A. analyseB. viewC. examineD. question2. A. envelopedB.chok

7、edC. markedD. rescued3. A. woundB. damageC.engineD. smoke4. A. drawnB. guardedC.sentD. planted5. A. calmB. curiousC. consciousD. confident6. A. waterB. driverC. passengersD. flames7. A. respondedB.changedC. workedD. failed8. A. dirtyB. badC. uniqueD. normal9. A. slowlyB. entirelyC. simplyD. deadly10

8、. A. relievedB. touchedC. recognizedD. satisfied二、语法（共15小题;每小题1分，共15分）第一节单项填空（共6小题;每小题1分，共6分）从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。11. (2016匕京)My grandfather still plays tennis now and then,hes in his nineties.A. as long asB. as ifC. even thoughD. in case12. Lets not pick these peaches until

9、 this weekend they get sweet enough to be eaten.A. ever sinceB. as ifC.even thoughD. so that13. 2018江苏you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.A. OnceB. UnlessC. IfD. When14. The prize will go to the writer story shows the most imaginati

10、on.A. thatB. whichC. whoseD. what15. We all need to get involved in saving energy its al work, at home, or at school.A. unlessB. onceC. whetherD. becausehave to give a speech, I get extremely nervous before I start.A. WhateverB. WheneverC. WhoeverD. However第二节语法填空(共9小题;每小题1分，共9分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提

11、示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空 向处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。In social lite, time plays a very important part. In the U.S.A., guests (end to feel that (hey are not highly regarded if the invitation to a dinner party is sent only three or four days 17 the party date, but it is not true in all countries. In other areas

12、 of (he world, it may 18 (consider) foolish to make an appointment loo far in advance because plans that 19(make) for a date more than a week away tend to be forgotten. The meaningof time differs in different parts of the world. 20. misunderstandings arise between people from cultureswhere time is t

13、reated differently. Promptness (准时) 21 (value) highly in American life. For example, 22 people are not punctual, they may be regarded as impolite 23 not fully responsible. In the U.S.A., no one would think of keeping a business partner 24(wait) for an hour, since it would betoo impolite. A person 25

14、 is five minutes late will say a few words of explanation, though perhaps he will not complete the sentence.三、阅读理解(共18小题;每小题2分，共36分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项 会咀 VK OAI was never very neat, while my roommale Kate was extremely organized. Each of her objects had its place, but mine al

15、ways hid somewhere. She even labeled (贴标签)everything. I always looked for everything. Over time, Kate got neater and 1 got messier. She would push my dirty clothing over, and I would lay my books on her tidydesk. We both got tired of each other.War broke out one evening. Kate came into the room. Soo

16、n, I heard her screaming, Take your shoes away! Why under my bcd! Deafened, I saw my shoes flying at me. I jumped to my feet and started yelling. She yelled back louder.The room was filled with anger. We could not have stayed together for a single minute but for a phone call. Kate answered it. From

17、her end of the conversation, I could tell right away her grandma was seriously ill. When she hung up. she quickly crawled (爬)under her covers, sobbing. Obviously, (hat was something she should not go through alone. All of a sudden, a warm feeling of sympathy rose up in my heart.Slowly I collected th

18、e pencils, look back the books, made my bed, cleaned the socks and swept the floor, even on her side. I got so into my work that I even didnt notice Kate had sat up. She was watching, her tears dried and her expression one of disbelief. Then, she reached out her hands to grasp mine. I looked up into

19、 her eyes. She smiled at me, “M Thanks.Kate and I stayed roommates for the rest of the year. We didnt always agree, but we learned the key to living together: giving in, cleaning up and holding on.26. The author tidied up the room most probably because.A. she was scared by Kates angerC. she wanted t

20、o show her careB. she hated herself for being so messyD. she was asked by Kate (o do so27. How is Paragraph 1 mainly developed?B. By showing differences.D. By following time order.B. Hard Work Pays OffD. Learning to Be RoommatesBA. By analyzing causes.C. By describing a process.28. What might be the

21、 best title for the story?A. My Friend KateC. How to Be OrganizedThe following list includes sonic books that come highly recommended by millions of readers and also a short summary of the highlights of each work.The Go-Giver, by Bob Burg and John David MannI didnt even expect that such a short book

22、 could make a huge difference in my way towards life. It simply explains complex laws that direct mankind, and concludes that there is always truth in the opposite.Dao De Jing by Lao ZiDao De Jing is one of the finest books on philosophy written by Lao Zi, an ancient Chinese philosopher and poet. It

23、 is sincere, exciting and makes you think a lot. Read it and get in touch with the clear educative understandings that give you enough tips to pursue your life goal full of passion.The Science of Getting Rich, by Wallace D. WattlesI had my own misunderstandings of gelling rich till I read (his book.

24、 The book made a huge difference to my life after I discovered the secrets mentioned. Read it and it teaches you how to become rich, not immediately, but step by step.The Power of Habit, by Charles DuhiggI never knew habits played such an important role in shaping our future until I read this book.

25、It says, you are what your habits are, and also suggests the proven techniques to create new habits that change our lifestyles and eventually our livers. It is must-read for everyone who wishes to form lifetime habits.The Road Less Travelled, by Scott PeckSimply put. buy this book for the path towar

26、ds understanding in a spiritual way that strengthens your personal growth. This book never gives you easy solutions to the challenges of life; it simply is part of life and leaves you with better understanding to lead a fulfilled life.29. Which book can help you chase your dream passionately?A. Dao

27、De Jing.B. The Go-Giver.C. The Road Less Travelled.D. The Science of Gelling Rich.30. Which of the following ideas may Scott Peck agree with? A. Habits can shape our future.B. There is always truth in the opposite.C. Difficulty is often part of personal growth.D. Wc should find easy solutions to cha

28、llenges.31. What can we know about the books mentioned above?A. They arc all easily written.B. They arc all popular books.C. All their writers are foreigners.D. All (he books are about life goals.CSarah came running in. Look what I found.Over the top of the paper I was reading came a crispy long obj

29、ect that caused me to jump. It was a snake skin that had been shed by one of our many garden snakes.“Isnt it bcautiful? said my wide-eyed seven-year-old.I stared at the organic wrapper and thought to myself that it really wasnt that beautiful, but I have learned never to appear uninterested with chi

30、ldren. They sec only good quality and excellence in the world until educated otherwise.“Why does it do this? Sarah asked“Snakes shed their skin because they need to renew themselves,1 explained. 4tWhy do they need to renew themselves? Sarah asked.I suddenly remembered an article on this page many ye

31、ars ago where the writer was expressing her concept of renewal. She used layers of paper over a wall to describe how we hide our original selves, and said that by peeling away those layers one by one, we see the original beneath. uWe often need to shed our skins and those coatings that we cover ours

32、elves with, I said to my now absorbed daughter. t4We outgrow some things and find other ones unwanted or unnecessary. This snake no longer needs this skin. It is probably too crinkly (起皱的) for him, and he probably doesnt think he looks as smart in it as he once did.Sarah was getting the point. As we

33、 talked, I knew that she began to understand, although slightly, that renewal is part of progress; that wc need to take a good look at ourselves, our rooms, schoolwork and creativity, and see what we need to keep and what we need to cast off. I was careful to point out that this is a natural consequ

34、ence of (heir growth.“I see, Dad, said Sarah and jumped off my lap and ran off.I hoped she would remember this. That often, in order (o find our real selves underneath the layers of cornnninity and culture with which we cover ourselves year after year, we need to start examining these layers.We need

35、 to gently peel some away, as we recognize them to be worthless or unnecessary; or at best, store the ones thrown away as mementoes （念想）of our promotion to a better vitality or spirit.32. At the first sight of the snake skin, the author was.A. scaredB. puzzledC. uninterestedD. excited33. Sarah learn

36、ed from her father that renewal is.A. to recover the layers insideto review what has been doneB. a natural part of getting maturethe process of finding the unwanted34. It can be inferred from the passage that the author.A. dislikes the snake skin at allshows concern for nature and cultureB. can gras

37、p the chance to educate childrenoften encourages his daughter to raise questions35. The author mainly tells the reader that.A. snakes cast off the layers to look smarterwe should renew ourselves to get improvedB. snakes shed their skins to renew themselveswe should explore our original nature undern

38、eathDPersonality types are linked with structural differences in the brain, which could explain why one child grows up to be impulsive（冲动的）and outgoing while another becomes diligent and introspective.Structural differences between the brains of 85 people have been measured and linked with the four

39、main categories of personality types, which were classified as “novelty seeking，characterized by impulsive actions; harm avoidance, marked by pessimism and shyness; reward dependence”, with an addictive personality; and “persistence，who arc people tending to be diligent, hard-working and perfectioni

40、sts.The researchers said the brain differences are structural and can be measured in （he size of specific regions of the brain that appear to be linked with each of the four personality types. For instance, people defined as noveltyseeking personalities had a structurally bigger area in the brain wh

41、ile people with harm-avoidance personalities had significantly smaller volumes of tissue in brain regions.The fact that characteristics are reflected in specific structural differences is useful to know, for instance, when it comes to understanding a childs behavior and choosing the right approach s

42、o that somebody who is, fbr example, particularly timid, might be helped through education and development.There is no point shouting at a child who is very shy and telling them off, because it does not come naturally to them to put themselves forward. But actually knowing there is a biological basi

43、s for this helps educators or parents to use the right approach to help a child to compensate.People who have a rcward-dcpendcncc personality could, fbr example, be helped at an early age because they are al risk of turning to drink, drugs or food if they do not get the family support and encouragem

44、ent they need.“This study shows that personality characteristics arc something you arc born with, but their fi.il 1 expression can be adjusted during development with the right approach/ said Professor Venneri, who carried out the study with colleagues from the University of Panna in Italy and Washi

45、ngton University in St Louis.If you know its not something you do but something you are, you can change the environment to reduce the risk. Knowing (hat someone has such a predisposition (体质)could help them adopt preventive strategies and avoid situations where they might seek rewards which could be

46、 potentially harmful.36. Which type of person may turn out to be drug-abusers?A Novelty seeking”.B. Persistence”.C. ”Harm avoidance”.D. “Reward dependence”.37. Which of the following is true about shy people?A. They structurally have a smaller brain region.B. They can naturally put themselves forwar

47、d.C. They are too (imid to be educated and helped.D. They arc often shouted at and scolded.38. Whats the main idea of the passage?A. People have chances to change their personality types.B. Structural differences in (he brain have effects on education.C. Personality types arc related to structural d

48、ifferences in the brain.D. Scientists have identified four different personality types.39. The author writes the passage to.A. argue a claimB. present a factC. support a researchD. introduce an approachENowadays more and more people are talking about genetically modified foods ( GM foods). GM foods develop from genetically modified organisms (有Hl体)，which have had specific changes introduced into their DNA by genetic engineering techniques. These techniques are much more precise where an organism is exposed to chemicals to create a non-