山东省临沂市第一2021-2022学年高一下学期开学考试英语试题含解析.docx

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1、临沂2021级高一下学期入学检测英语试题注意事项:1 .本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第n卷（非选择题）两部分。2 .请将第I卷题目的答案用2B铅笔涂在答题卡上。3 .请把第n卷的答案用0.5毫米黑色签字笔写在答题卡的制定位置，写在试卷上答题无效。4 .满分150分,考试时间120分钟。第I卷第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中 选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时 间来回答有关小题和阅读下题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. How much is a p

2、ound of tomato now?A. Eighty cents.B. One dollar.C. One dollar and ten cents.2. Why is the woman worried?A. She cant find her child. B. She lost her cellphone. C. She missed her bus.3. What does the man want the woman to do?A. Go to school with him. B. Help him with his studies. C. Go to the theater

3、 with him.4. Who bought the piano?A. The woman*s father.B. The mans father.C. The woman.5. Why does the boy have to stay at home?A. He has to do his homework.B. He is being punished by his mother.C. His mother will take him to go shopping later.第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所

4、给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你C. D.15. What would be the best title for this passage?A. The Saving Behavior of the EconomyConsumption:a Key Concept in EconomyB. Consumer Spending and Economic GrowthThe Truth about Savings and Consumption【答案】12.D13. D 14. B 15. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，本文提出了一种与众不

5、同的观点，大众都认为消费者存钱是对 经济有害的，而本文章提出消费者存钱有益经济发展。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Fear not. You arent actually hurting anyone else by saving money.（不 要害怕。你省钱实际上并没有伤害到别人。）可知，作者对上面一位英国经济学家Keynes的 说法进行质疑，认为存钱不伤害任何人，所以态度是批评的。故选D。【13题详解】词义猜测题。 根据第上文“For example, somebody takes their money, walks into a store, and purchases g

6、oods. （例如，有人拿着钱，走进商店，购买商品。）可知，有人来商店购买商 品，商店增加收入，可知是，收入。选D。14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段内容“But what happens to all of those goods and services that people have chosen not to consume by saving their money? Simple: other people are allowed to consume them. （但是那些人们选择不消费的商品和服务会发生什么呢?很简单:其他人可以 消费它们。）可知，存钱会推动经济发展，其他人会

7、去借贷你的存款去消费，故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段可知，本文对一位英国经济学家Keynes针对存钱损害经济的说法 进行质疑，本文始终在讲述存钱和消费对经济的影响，故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。16 Being angry doesnt really solve much, but what people do when they feelangry is important. The goal is to calm down and try to solve what

8、is bothering you. This is hard for some kids and adults, too. instead of calming down, some kids might keep getting more and more upset until they explode like volcano （火山）！17 Their anger might be so strong that they lose control of their temper. Theymay act in ways unacceptable and hurtful. People

9、may say that someone has trouble controlling their temper.18 Some kids might get so angry that they scream at their parents, break,something, or even worse, hit their brothers or sisters.19 However, its not for a kid todo any of those things. Kids dont want to act in this way, but sometimes angry fe

10、elings can be hard to manage. So what to do?Well, the good news is that kids dont just have to keep making the same mistakes over and over again.20 Imagine your temper as a puppy inside you that needs some training. Thepuppy is not badit will probably turn out to be a great dog. It just needs to lea

11、rn some rulesbecause, right now, that puppy is causing some problems to you.A. Everybody gets angry sometimes.B. You dont want to cause trouble.C. Kids should be allowed to express their feelings,even angry ones.D. You can train you temper.E. In fact,they usually mean that a kid behaves badly when f

12、eeling angry.F. Instead of thinking of the person youre angry withjhink of something else.G. Some kids get angry more often or more easily than some other kids.【答案】16.A17. G 18. E 19. C 20. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了孩子易怒的现象以及采取的措施。【16题详解】根据下文 Being angry doesnt really solve much, but what people do when

13、 they feel angry is important.可知，生气并不能解决很多问题，但人们在生气时的行为很重要。选项承接下文， 来说明生气是经常发生的。故A选项“人人都有生气的时候”切题。故选A项。【17题详解】根据下文 Their anger might be so strong that they lose control of their temper. They may act in ways unacceptable and hurtful.可知，他们的愤怒可能非常强烈，以至于他们无法控制自己的 脾气。他们可能会做出让人无法接受和伤害他人的行为。选项承接下文，说明有些孩子更容

14、易生气。故G选项“有些孩子比其他孩子更容易生气”切题。故选G项。【18题详解】根据上文 People may say that someone has trouble controlling their temper.可知, 人们可能会说 有些人很难控制自己的脾气。选项承接上文解释上文所指的内容。故E选项“事实上，他 们通常指的是孩子在生气时表现不好”切题。故选E项。【19题详解】根据上文 Some kids might get so angry that they scream at their parents, break, something, or even worse, hit th

15、eir brothers or sisters.可知，一些孩子可能会很生气，他们对父母尖叫，打破东西， 甚至更糟，打他们的兄弟或姐妹。根据下文However, it not for a kid to do any of those things. 但是，这些事情都不是小孩子该做的。选项承上启下。来说明孩子有表达愤怒感觉的权利。故C选项“孩子们应该被允许表达他们的感受，即使是愤怒的感受”。故选C项。【20题详解】根据下文 Imagine your temper as a puppy inside you that needs some training. pJ知， 把你的脾气 想象成一只需要训练

16、的小狗。选项承接下文，说明怎么样控制自己的脾气。故G选项“你 可以训练你的脾气”。切题。故选D项。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入 空白处的最佳选项。After a rough week, all I wanted was a good rest. I went to the beach nearby for some21 time with myself. It was a lovely, warm weekend in California, kids joyfull

17、y22 in the water, or building sandcastles.As I was leaving I 23 a girl playing by herself. She built a little sandcastle with amoat （护城辛可）around it and was trying to fill it with water. Unfortunately, there was no24 around to carry water. She would go to the waves, 25 her hands and then walk back to

18、 her little castle. 26, not much of the water was making it to the moat. But she kepttrying, still smiling and 27, As I was standing there watching her, feeling helpless, I28 that I had a bottle of water in my bag. I quickly 29, took it out, and walkedover to 30 it to her. Confused at first, she smi

19、led but 31 her head shyly, saying no. I told her that it would make getting the water much faster. She 32 and finally took it from my hands after I insisted （坚持），Looking back, I saw her running over to the sea with a big smile, 33 in hand.For me, it was a tiny 34, But I also know that when she meets

20、 someone in need,maybe, she would think of this little act of kindness by a 35, And maybe she would helpcreate a little gentler world around her.21. A.crazyB.freeC.busyD.hard22. A.playingB.sleepingC.washingD.skiing23. A.observedB.caughtC.heardD.noticed24. A.bowlB.boxC.containerD.spoon25. A.raiseB.cu

21、pC.washD.wave26. A. SadlySurprisinglyB.LuckilyC.AmazinglyD.27. A.lonelyB.honestC.safeD.hopeful28. A. believedexpectedB.decidedC.realizedD.29. A.awaydug inB.set offC.picked upD.gave30. A.explainB.handC.throwD.point31. A.hungB.heldC.noddedD.shookpromised33.A.castleB.packC.bottleD.bag34.A.experienceB.a

22、ctC.ideaD.change35.A.designerB.fishermanC.strangerD.friend32. A. smiled32. A. smiledB. openedC. failedD.【答案】2LB 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. C30. B 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者去海边放松，偶遇一个小女孩搭城堡，但没有容器盛 水，作者用随身带着的水瓶帮助了小女孩的故事。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我去了附近的海滩享受自由时光。A. c

23、razy疯狂的；B.free自由 的；C.busy忙碌的;D. hard艰难的。根据前文“all I wanted was a good rest（我只想好好休息 一下）”可知，作者去海滩放松休息了。故选B。22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一个在加利福尼亚的可爱温暖的周末，孩子们在水里快乐地 嬉戏，或者建造沙堡。A. playing玩耍；B.sleeping睡觉；C.washing洗;D. skiing滑雪。根 据“in the water”可知，“playing玩耍”符合常识和句意。故选A。23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我准备离开时，我注意到一个女孩在独自玩耍。A. obse

24、rved 观察;B.caught抓住;C. heard听到；D. noticed看到。根据句意可知，作者准备走了,无意 间看到了一个小女孩。故选D。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，附近没有容器来装水。A. bowl碗；B.box箱子；C.container容器;D. spoon勺子。根据to carry water”可知，小女孩需要容器来盛水。故选Co【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她会走向海浪，用手捧些水，然后走回她的小城堡。A. raise举 起；B.cup使（手）窝成杯状；C.wash洗；D.wave挥动。根据前文可知，没有盛水的容器， 所以小女孩用手捧水。故选B。

25、【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:遗憾的是，没有多少水流入护城河。A. Sadly令人遗憾地；B. Luckily 幸运地;C.Amazingly令人惊奇地；D.Surprisingly出乎意料地。根据句意可知,用手是捧不 来很多水的，所以令人感到遗憾。故选A。27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但她继续尝试，仍然微笑着充满希望。A. lonely孤独的；B. honest 诚实的;C.safe安全的;D. hopeful充满希望的。根据句意可知，小女孩没有放弃，结合still smiling可知，小女孩满怀希望地继续捧水。故选D。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我站在那里看着她

26、感到无助时，我意识到我的包里有一瓶水。A. believed相信；B. decided决定；C.realized意识到；D.expected期望。根据句意可知，作 者想起来自己背包里有瓶水。故选C。【29题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我迅速地拿起背包，取出那瓶水，然后走过去递给她。A. dug in 挖；B.setoff出发；C. picked up拿起;D. gave away赠送。由“in my bag”可知,作者拿起 书包找那瓶水。故选C。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我迅速地拿起背包，取出那瓶水，然后走过去递给她。A. explain 解释；B. hand递给；C.throw

27、扔;D.point指。根据“ittoher”可知,作者拿出水瓶递给小 女孩。故选Bo【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初她很困惑，然后笑了笑，害羞地摇了摇头，说不用了。A. hung 挂起;B. held抓住；C.nodded点头;D. shook摇头。根据saying no”可知，小女孩拒绝了 我的帮助。故选D。32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我的坚持下，她微笑着最终从我手中接过了它。A. smiled微笑；B. opened打开;C. failed失败；D. promised承诺。根据后文“with a big smile”的提示可知， 小女孩笑着接过了水瓶。故选A。【33题详

28、解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：回过头看，我看见她手里拿着瓶子，带着灿烂的笑容跑向大海。A. castle城堡;B. pack包装；C.bottle瓶子；D. bag书包。根据in hand”及前文作者给小 女孩水瓶可知，小女孩手里拿着水瓶。故选C。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，这只是一个小小的举动。A. experience经历；B. act 行为；C. idea 主意；D. change 改变。后文 uthis little act of kindnessv 中 “act” 原词再现。 故选Bo【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我也知道，当她遇到需要帮助的人时，也许她会

29、想到陌生人的 这小举动。A. designer设计者；B.fisherman渔夫；C.stranger陌生人；D.friend朋友。根据 前文可知，作者跟小女孩并不认识，因此对于小女孩来说，作者是一位陌生人。故选C。第n卷第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第二节(共10小题；每小题L5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinese freestyle skier Eileen Gu was already a 36 (win) on the FIS World Cup circuit before peting at the Wint

30、er Youth Olympic Games (YOG) 2020. After winning YOG gold in both halfpipe and bigair, the 17-year-old has 37 (firm) established herself as one of the rising stars in the sport, and is now hoping to inspire others.If Im 80 years old and looking back at my life, I dont think 38 number of medals is go

31、ing to matter as much as memories of reading messages from young girls39 (say) that Iwas the one who inspired them to start skiing, or who showed them that it was possible to do bigger tricks and that 40 (woman) could do it too.To be able to inspire them-thats a really big thing for me. And I also j

32、ust want 41 (enjoy) the experience. I have a lot of things going on in my life, 42 I think its important to be able to enjoy the road that I feel very 43 (luck)to be on. Not many people have the chance to pete at such a high-level event in front of the world. So, Tm really, really thankful44 all the

33、 chances Fve had. And my 45(big) ambition is just to make adifference and to be able to use those chances fbr the greater good.”【答案】36. winner37. firmly38. firmly39. the39. saying 40. women41. to enjoybut43. lucky44. for45. biggest【解析】【导语】本文属于体育新闻类报道。主要讲了自由式滑雪运动员谷爱凌在2020冬季青奥会 上获得冠军后，表达了对职业的热爱。36题详解】

34、考查名词。句意：中国自由式滑雪运动员顾爱玲在参加2020年冬季青奥会之前就已经是FIS 世界杯巡回赛的冠军了。不定冠词后用名词，此处指“获胜者”。故填winner。37题详解】考查副词。句意：在获得YOGU型滑道和bigair项目的金牌后，17岁的她已经坚定地确立 了自己在这项运动中的冉冉升起的明星地位，现在她希望能够激励其他人。修饰动词 established 用副词。故填 firmlyo【38题详解】考查冠词。句意：如果我80岁，回顾我的生活，我认为比起那些当我读到年轻女孩发来信 息说是我启发她们开始滑雪并向她们展示那些女性也可以做到的更难的技巧时的记忆，金牌 的数量会黯然失色。the n

35、umber of.”意为： 的数量。符合句意。故填the。39题详解】考查非谓语。句意：同上。young girls与say构成主动关系，故用其现在分词作定语，修饰 young girls o 故填 saying o【40题详解】考查名词。句意：同上。这里woman泛指“女士”这一群体，用复数形式。故填women。41题详解】考查非谓语动词的固定搭配。句意：我也想享受这段经历。want要接不定式做宾语，构成 固定短语：want to do,意为：想要做某事。故填to enjoy。【42题详解】考查连词。句意：我的生活中有很多事情要做，但我认为重要的是能够享受这条我感到非常 幸运的道路。根据语境

36、可知此处指：虽然在我的人生道路上会有许多事情发生，但是去享受 我所走的这条幸运之路很重要，此处是转折关系，且空格前是逗号结尾的句子，故此处是并 列连词连接的并列句。故填but。【43题详解】考查形容词。句意：同上。空格处作感官动词feel表语，用形容词。故填lucky。【44题详解】考查介词的固定搭配。句意：所以，我真的，真的很感谢我所拥有的一切机会。be thankful tosb. for sth.是一个固定短语，意为：因某事而感谢某人。故填for。【45题详解】考查形容词的级。句意:我最大的抱负就是做出改变，并利用这些机会为更伟大的事业服务。根据语境可知此处指谷爱凌“最大”的抱负，用形容

37、词的最高级。故填biggest。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是李华，得知北京2022年冬奥会正在招募英语服务志愿者，请你给北京冬奥会 组委会写一封信，申请成为一名学生志愿者并提供相关服务。内容包括：1 .自身优势；2.计划和打算；3.请求批准。注意：1词数80左右;.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；2 .信的开头已经给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：2022 北京冬奥会 the 2022 Beijing Winter OlympicsDear Sir or Madam,Im Li Hua, a Senior Two student.Yours,Li Hua【答案

38、】Dear Sir/Madam,Im Li Hua, a Senior Two student. Tm very glad to write to you about applying for the position as a volunteer for the 2022 Winter Olympics to be held in Beijing and Zhangjiakou.I believe that Im well qualified fbr the position. First and foremost, Im fond of sports and have ever parti

39、cipated in many sports meetings and won gold medals. Whats more, I have a good mand of English, which allows me to interact with foreigners without any difficulty. Meanwhile, in order to be petent fbr the job, Til devote myself to learning polite service and other countries, culture and customs.All

40、in all, I will spare no effort to make preparations for it. I would appreciate it if you could give me this valuable chance and approve my application.Yours,Li Hua 【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给北京冬奥会组委会写一封信，申请成为一名 学生志愿者并提供相关服务。【详解】1 .词汇积累高兴的：gladhappy喜欢：be fbnd oJ enjoy 参力口 ： participate in一 take part in

41、 止匕夕卜： whafs morebesides2 .句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Im very glad to write to you about applying fbr the position as a volunteer for the 2022 Winter Olympics to be held in Beijing and Zhangjiakou.拓展句：Im very glad to write to you about applying for the position as a volunteer for the 2022 Winter Olympics which w

42、ill be held in Beijing and Zhangjiakou.【点睛】高分句型 1I believe that Im well qualified for the position.（运用了 that 引导的宾语从 句）高分句型 lWhat9s more, I have a good mand of English, which allows me to interact with foreigners without any difficulty.（运用了 which引导的非限制性定语从句） 第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段,使之构成一

43、篇完整的短文。将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时 间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What does the man think of his job?A. A bit boring.B. Quite enjoyable.C. Very difficult.7. What does the man want to do in a few years?A. Earn more moneyB. Work in the countryside C. Find a job in a zoo听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8. How lo

44、ng did the man play football this afternoon?A. Three hours.B. Four hours.C. Five hours.9. Why didnt the man go for dinner with his friends?A. Because he still wanted to play. B. Because he was not hungry. C. Because he was too tired.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. How was the weather yesterday?A. Hot.B. Cool.C

45、. Cold.11. What did the man speaker do yesterday?A. He visited a friend.B. He stayed at home all day. C. He went swimming with afriend.12. What do we know about the man speaker?A. He still feels terrible now. B. He feels very hungry now. C. He hasn*t taken any pills yet.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. When wil

46、l the man leave for Canada?A. Next Monday.B. This Sunday. C. This Saturday.14. Whafs the man worried about?A. How to make some friends.B. How to get along well with others.C. How to make others understand him.15. What does the woman think of the man?A. Hard working.B. Easy-going.C. Outgoing.Mum and

47、Her Bank AccountMy family had the tradition to sit down by the kitchen table every Saturday night to count out the money Dad had brought home.These are for the rent, and these for the groceries.64 Mum counted out and divided the big silver pieces.ril need a notebook, That would be my sister Christine, my brother Nels or me.After Mum put one or two coins to the side for the notebook, she said that was all we needed to buy fbr the week and we all relaxed a little. We didnt have to go downtown and draw money out of Mums bank account, which could always