UNIT33.3 grammar-【教材解读】2022-2023学年牛津深圳版英语八年级上册.docx

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1、Grammar英汉对译Grammar语法(教材第39页)A The comparative of adjectives 形容词的比较级When we compare two people or things, we can use the comparative of adjectives. Weform thecomparative of adjectives like this：当我们比较两个人或物时，我们可以用形容词的比较级。形容词的比较级构成如下：Adjectives 形容词Comparative of adjectives 形容词的比较级cheap便宜的cheaper更便宜的tall

2、高的miler更高的interesting 有趣的more interesting 更有趣的expensive昂贵的more expensive 更昂贵的Work out the rule 找出规律, To form the comparative of adjectives , we often add-er to short adjectives andusemorewithlongadiectives.我们经常在短的形容词后加-er,在长的形容词前加more构成形容词的比较级。, We oftenusethan afterthe comparative ofadjectives.我们经常

3、在形容词的比较级后用thanoComplete the conversation below and on page 40 with the comparative oftheadjectives from the box.用方框中形容词的比较级完成下面和第40页的对话,bigexpensiveheavylightsmall大的贵的重的轻的小的Salesman： Can I help you, sir?售货员：先生，我可以帮您吗？David： Yes, I need a suitcase. Can you tell me about these two?戴维：是的，我需要一个手提箱。你可以跟我

4、说说这两个吗？Salesman： Sure. The red onecosts Y2 500, and its made of leather.售货员：当然可以。这个红色的价值2 500元，它是皮革制成的。David： I see. The red one ismore expensivethan the black one, what about theweight?Which one islighter?戴维：我知道了。这个红的要比这个黑的贵。那重量呢?哪一个更轻？Salesman： The black one. It* s made ofplastic. Try them, sir. 售

5、货员：黑的。它是塑料制成的。先生，试一下。David： You re right. The red one is(3)heavier than the black one. and its (4)smallerthan the black one.戴维：没错，红色的比黑色的重，并且它比黑色的小。Salesman： Do you have a lot ofthings to carry?售货员：你有许多东西要装吗？David： Yes. I do. I II have the black one because it s (5)bigger than the red one.戴维：是的，我有。我

6、要这个黑色的，因为它比红色的大。Salesman： Thank you very much, sir.售货员：非常感谢您，先生。cost价值；花费（见要点详解1）be made of由制成（见要点详解2）B The superlative of adjectives 形容词的最高级When we compare more than two people or things, we use the superlative of adjectives. 当我们比较两个以上的人或事物时，我们使用形容词的最高级。The red laptop is the smallest among the thre

7、e.这台红色的笔记本电脑是三台中最小的。We form the superlative of adjectives like this：形容词的最高级构成如卜.：Adjectives 形容词Superlative of adjectives 形容词的最高级high高的the highest 最高的careful细心的the most careful 最细心的interesting 有趣的the most interesting 最有趣的Work out the rule 找出规律,To form the superlative of adjectives, we often add-est t

8、o short adjectives and usemost withlong adjectives.我们经常在短的形容词后加-est,在长的形容词前加most构成形容词的最高级。, Weusuallyusetheinfrontofthesuper/crf/veq/ac/ect/i/es.我们通常在形容词的最高级前使用the.Bl David is shopping for a camera . Look at the photos and write the letter ofthecorrectmodelaftereach statement.戴维正在买一部照相机。看照片，并在每个说明后面

9、写下正确型号的字母。David： I d like to see some ofyour cameras.戴维：我想看看一些你们的相机。Salesman： Certainly. This is the most expensive model. a售货员：当然可以。这是最贵的一款。Thisisthecheapestmodel.c这是最便宜的一款。Thisisthenewestandlightestmodel.七这是最新的也是最轻的一款。B2 David told his friend Tony about his shopping trip. Complete Dovids sentences

10、with the superlative ofthe adjectives from the box.戴维将他的购物之行告诉了他的朋友托尼。用方框中形容词的最高级完成载维的句子。expensivelightoldsmall最贵的轻的旧的小的Tony： Did they show you any cameras?托尼：他们给你看相机了吗？David： Yes. Thesmallestmodel is99. 8 mm X56. 4 mmX 24. 5 mm.戴维：是的。最小的那款是99. 8亳米X56. 4亳米X24. 5亳米。Themost expensive model costs3. 589

11、.最贵的那款价值3 589元。Theoldest model was made in(6)2010.最旧的那款制造于2010年。Thelightest model weighs 170 g.最轻的那款重170克。要点详解cost【详解】8st作动词，意为“价值：花费(多少钱)”，其主语是物，其过去式是cost。, The ticket cost me twentyyuan.这张票花了我 20 元。拓展cost还可用作名词，意为“花费；价钱”，相当于price。 The cost oft he coat was$21.这件大衣的价钱是21美元。, The cost oflivinghereist

12、oohigh.这儿的生活费用太高。应用单项选择。()-How much does your mouse?40 yuan.A. spend B. pay C. take D. costbemade of 【详解】be made of意为“由制成”。 Thebridgeismade ofstone.这座桥是由石头制成的。辨析be made of、be made from、be made into、be made by 与 be made inbe made of意为“由制成”，后接原材料，从成品中能看出原材料be made from意为“由制成”，后接原材料，从成品中看不出原材料be made i

13、nto意为“被制成”，后接成品，强调被制成什么be made by“被制造”，后接制作人，强调制作人是谁be made in“在制造”，后接地点，强调物品的产地, The kite is made ofpaper.这个风筝是用纸做的。, The wine is made from wheat.这种酒是用小麦酿成的。, Some ofthe trees will be made into paper.其中一些树将被做成纸。, The chair was made by an old carpenter.那把椅子是由一位老木匠制作的。, This car was made in Shanghai.

14、这辆车产自上海。中考链接()(湖北省中考)一Doyoubelievethatpaperismadewood?一Yes, I do. Andyou can seethatbooks aremadepaper.A. from； from B. from； of C. of： from D. of： of【点拨】be made from和be made of均表示“由做成”，但是前者是肉眼看不出原材料，后者是 肉眼能够看出原材料。旬意：“一你相信纸是由树木做成的吗?一是的。并且你能看到书是由 纸做成的。”故选B。应用完成句子。那些裙子是由报纸做成的。Those dressesnewspapers.单

15、元语法详解析语法解读形容词比较级和量高级1.形容词比较级和最高级的用法【观察】, In the 1940s, the first computers were bigger than cars.在20世纪40年代，最初的计算机比小汽车还要大。, Now computers are becoming smaller and better.现在，计算机正变得更小、更好。, The redlaptopisthe smallest amongthethree.这台红色的笔记本电脑是三台中最小的。【总结】2.形容词比较级和最高级的构成形容词比较级形容词最高级用法两者之间的比较，意为 “比更”三者（以上）

16、的比较，意为“是三者（以上）中 最的”提示词than（表示范围的）in / of / among-构成规则示例单音节词 和部分双 音节词大多数词后加-er或-estfast faster fastest, new newer - newest以字母e结尾的词后加-r或-stfinefinerfineest, latelaterlatest以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音 节词，双写该辅音字母，再加-er 或-esthothotter一hottestthin-thinner-thinnest以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词，先 把y变为i，再加er或-estearlyearlierearliestHap

17、py-happier-happiest多音节词 和部分双 音节词在词前加more或mostusefulmore usefulmost usefulcareful一more carefulmost careful注意：有的形容词的比较级和最高级有两种规则变化形式，如：clevercleverer / more clever-cleverest / most clever助记巧记形容词比较级和最高级变化比较最高要变化，只要把-er, -est加；词尾若是哑音e,只加-r,st就可以;一辅重读闭音节，辅音字母先双写；辅音字母加y尾，切记用i把y替；多音节词变等级，more, most排第一；不规则的

18、词形异，还需逐个单独记。【拓展】比较级+and+比较级，表示“越来越”，如：tallerand taller意为“越来越高，moreand more interesting意为越来越有趣”。The+比较级，the+比较级表示越，越, The more we eat, the fatter we will be.我们吃得越多,就会越胖。表示一方超过另一方的程度或数量时，可用程度副词much / a little / a lot / far / even修 饰比较级。, He is much tallerthan you.他比你高多了。, I have a little more apples t

19、han my sister.我比我姐姐多一点点苹果。当形容词的最高级前有形容词性物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格修饰时，不用定冠词 the。, Today is my happiest day ofmy life.今天是我人生中最开心的一天。中考真题()1.(临沂市中考)Ofall the blue holes in the world, Sansha Yongle Blue Hole in the South China Sea is now. It is 300. 89 metres deep.A. deeper B. very deep C. as deep as D. the deepe

20、st()2.(成都市中考)一Mary, do you prefer weekdays or weekends?Of course weekdays. Because I mon weekends.A. busy B. much busier C. the busiest()3.(海南省中考)Who will you ask to help with the work, Lucy or Lily?一Lily. Sheismuch.A. careful B. more careful C. most careful()4.(广东省中考)lve heardthat Zhuhai Chimelong

21、Ocean Kingdom is one ofocean parks in Asia.A. very large B. the larger C. much larger D. the largest()5.(青岛市中考)This camera is to。expensive. I d like aone.A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheapest D. more expensive点拨1 .句意：“在世界上所有海洋蓝洞中，中国南海三沙永乐龙洞是最深的。它有300. 89米深。” 由of all和in the world这两组表示范围的词及句意可知此处用形容词的最高级。故选D。2 .句意：“玛丽，你是更喜欢工作日还是周末？”据此可知，问的是工作日和周末的比较。 而从玛丽的回答可知，她周末比工作日忙。故选B。3 .句意：“你将会要求谁帮着做那项工作?露西还是莉莉莉莉，她认真得多。”故此处用 careful 的比较级 more careful,故选 B。4 . one of+形容词的最高级+名词复数，表示“最的之一”。故选D。5 .由前一句中“这个照相机太贵了”可知，后一句应为“我想要一个便宜些的”。两者有比 较意味，因此用比较级。故选B。参考答案Grammar要点详解1. Dare made of