2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语领航卷(一)(含答案解析).docx
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1、2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语领航卷(一)学校:姓名:班级:考号:一、阅读理解Football: Designing the Beautiful GameWhether you are a crazy fan or sideline supporter, visitors to this exhibition will enjoy discovering the remarkable design stories behind the worlds beautiful game.What to expectThe exhibition explores the story behi
2、nd football, showing how design has been used to push the game to new limits. Take a journey through over 500 objects, films and interviews in sporting performance, equipment development and stadium design, and involve yourself in the stories of clubs and game legends(传奇人物)including Messi, Pele, Geo
3、rge Best and Diego Maradona.Held by (he Design Museum and the National Football Museum in Manchester, the show reveals the master planning of the worlds most significant football stadiums, the design innovation used in todays equipment, how the graphic design of team badges(徽章)and posters shapes a c
4、lubs identity and how grassroots efforts are pushing the sports commercialization.Ticket informationOnline booking is advised but tickets will also be available in the booking office. Last entry to the exhibition is 90 minutes before the museum closes.派 Adult tickets are charged from 16 and student
5、tickets from 12. Meanwhile, you can save 25% on family and group tickets.Present your exhibition entiy ticket fbr 10% off food and drink at London Grade Coffee on the ground floor.1. What can visitors do at the exhibition?A. Design a team badge.B. Interview master designers.C. Put on football equipm
6、ent.D. Learn about famous football players.2. How much should a couple with their 11 -year-old son pay at least fbr admission?A. 33.B. 36.C. 44.D. 48.3. What will visitors enjoy with the ticket?A. A special discount on goods at a cafe.B. A photo of a significant football stadium.A few weeks later, P
7、arisa received a package from the kids magazine.参考答案:1. D 2. A 3. A【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了英国伦敦设计博物馆和国家足球博物馆举办的一 场展出一“足球:设计美丽的运动”。1 .细节理解题。根据“What to expect”部分中的“Take a journey through over 500 objects, films and interviews in sporting performance, equipment development and stadium design, and involve yo
8、urself in the stories of chibs and game legends including Messi, Pele, George Best and Diego Maradona.(通过500多件物品、电影和体育表演、设备开发和体育场设计的采访,让自己 沉浸在俱乐部和比赛传奇传奇人物的故事中,包括梅西、贝利、乔治贝斯特和迭戈马拉多 纳。)可知,参观者在展览会上可以了解到包括梅西、贝利、乔治贝斯特和迭戈马拉多纳 在内的足坛人物的故事。故选D项。2 .细节理解题。根据“Ticket information”部分中的“Adult tickets are charged fro
9、m 16 and student tickets from 12. Meanwhile, you can save 25% on family and group tickets4成人票 16 英镑起,学生票12英镑起。同时,你可以节省25%的家庭和团体票。厂可知,家庭团体票 可以享受七五折优惠。因此一对夫妻(2名成年人)和一名11岁儿子(1名学生)至少应支 付的费用为(16x2+12)x0.75=33(英镑)。故选A项。3 .细节理解题。根据“Ticket infbrmaliorT部分中的“Present your exhibilion entry ticket for 10% off fo
10、od and drink al London Grade Coffee on the ground floor.(出示参展门票,可在一楼的伦 敦高级咖啡享受9折餐饮优惠户可知,参观者在一楼咖啡厅购买食物和饮料时凭门票可享 受折扣优惠。故选A项。4. B 5. C 6. B 7. A【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了为了给国际扶轮社筹集资金以应对小儿麻痹症, Kunie Adeyanju成功完成了从伦敦到拉各斯的摩托车骑行。5. 细节埋解题。根据第一段最后一句话“He started the impressive journey to raise funds for Rotary Inter
11、national to deal with polio(小儿麻痹症)in his native Nigeria.(他开始 T令人印象深 刻的旅程,为国际扶轮社筹集资金,以应对家乡尼日利亚的小儿麻痹症)”可知,Adeyanju进 行为期41天的旅行是为了给国际扶轮社筹集资金以应对小儿麻痹症。故选B。6. 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句话“Adeyanju, called “Lion Hcart, by fans, won popularityamong the public by posting daily pictures with comments about his journey on s
12、ocial media.(被 粉丝称为“狮子心”的阿德扬朱,通过在社交媒体上发布每日照片和评论,赢得了公众的喜爱)” 可知,Adeyanju每天都在社交媒体上发布旅行照片和评论,从而赢得了公众的喜爱。故选C。7. 细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句话“Mauritania, a country in northwest Africa, was ” terrible, he said, after he got robbed of hundreds of euros. The worst experience,he added.。毛里塔尼亚,一个位于非洲西北部的国家,在被抢劫了数百欧元后,他说,“太
13、可怕 了。”他补充道,“这是最糟糕的经历。可知,Adeyanju的钱在毛里塔尼亚被抢了,这让 他觉得在那里的经历很糟糕。故选B。8. 推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知,为了给国际扶轮社筹集资金以应对小儿麻痹症, Adeyanju进行了为期41天的骑行,由此可知,他是一个关心他人、乐于助人的人。在骑行 中虽然遇到了一些困难,但他没有放弃。由此可推知,他是一个意志坚定的人。故选A。9. B 9. A 10. D 11. C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。行为生态学家Connie Allen认为大象凭借惊人的记忆力进行远 距离导航,但也有人提出,大象在进行远距离活动时嗅觉尤为重要。为了验证这一观点, Con
14、nie Allen和她的同事们开展了研究,证明确实如此。【详解】1.词义猜测题。根据下文“Allen and her colleagues cheeked that idea by testing African elephants ability to identify a very special smell: the smell of pee (尿).You see, an elephant pees a lot some 12 to 15 gallons a day and that pee can contain a series of chemical signals.(艾伦 和她
15、的同事通过测试非洲象识别一种非常特殊的气味的能力来验证这一想法:尿的气味。你 看,大象尿得很多大约每天12到15加仑这些尿可以包含一系列化学信号。厂以及 这个实验过程可知,Connie Alien和同事们通过测试大象对路边大象尿液的感知能力来进行 研究,最终发现,大象可以利用尿液的气味进行远距离活动,由此可知,嗅觉对大象的远距 离活动尤为重要。画线词olfaction的含义应为“嗅觉”。故选B。2 .推理判断题。根据第三段的“They waited for elephants to pee and, within 20 minutes, went and collected these fre
16、sh pee samples.Then they set up cameras on seven paths which the elephants usually walked along.(他们等大象尿尿,20分钟后去收集这些新鲜的尿样本。然后, 他们在大象通常会走的七条道路上设置了摄像机。厂和第四段的“Next, they placed those pee samples along the paths.(接下来,他们将这些尿液样本沿着小路放置。)”可知,研究人员在 答案第2页,共11页野外收集大象尿液样本,在七条大象常走的道路上安装摄像机来观察大象的行为,并把尿液 样本放在路边来了解嗅
17、觉对大象的影响。由此可推知,研究人员是通过野外研究的方式得出 结论的。故选Ao3 .推理判断题。根据最后一段Based on these results, they hope conservationists might be able to use elephant pee as a decoy (诱饵).If we can trick elephants into thinking other elephants are going this way, maybe we can redirect them away from where they are coining into conf
18、lict with humans at (he momenl.(基于这些结果,他们希望环保人上可以用大象的尿液作为诱饵。如果 我们能哄骗大象,让它们以为其他大象正朝这条路走,也许我们就能引导它们离开与人类发 生冲突的地方。户可知,如果人类可以利用大象的尿液作为诱饵骗过大象,引导大象改变行 进方向,就能避免与人类发生冲突。因此推断研究结果的潜在益处是使人类和大象能够和平 共处。故选D。4 .主旨大意题。综观全文,尤其是第三段中的“especially elephants travelling alone, which is an indication, the researchers said,
19、 that smells inay serve as signposts along the paihs.(特别是大象独 自旅行,研究人员说,这是一个迹象,气味可能是道路上的路标。)”及第四段中的“And they found that for at least two days, passing elephants trained iheir trunks on the samples, especially samples from mature adults, which is another indication that smells might be an effective na
20、vigational signal.(他们发现,在至少两天的时间里,经过的大象用它们的鼻子来训练样 本,特别是来自成年大象的样本,这是另一个迹象,表明气味可能是一种有效的导航信号。)” 可知,本文主要讲述的是行为生态学家Connie Allen和同事们通过研究发现非洲象根据尿液 的气味进行远距离活动。故选C。12 . B 13. C 14. C 15. D【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款可以像刚出生的马一样只用一小时就学会 走路的四条腿的机器人。13 .细节理解题。根据文章第一段“designed a half-mctre-high robot called Morti and g
21、ave it the ability to teach itself how to walk, rather than to perform a pre-programmed step.(设计了一4、半 米高叫做的Morii机器人,并让它拥有能够教它自己走路的能力,而不是执行预编程的步骤。) 可知,Morti的特殊之处在于它可以教会自己走路,故选B。14 .推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The AI, working like the central nenous system, gives walking instructions for Morti to follow. It then ad
22、justs them based on readings from foot sensors 答案第3页,共11页that signal when the robot falls and loses contact with the ground. Initially, Morti falls down, but after about an hour the AI finds the best way to make it walk, said Ruppert. (Ruppert 说道:这 个人工智能像中枢神经系统一样,它会给Morti发出行走指令。然后,当Morti摔倒,(脚) 和地面失去
23、接触时,它会根据脚传感器的读数调整指令。一开始,Morti会摔倒,但大约一 个小时后,人工智能找到了使Morii行走的最好方式。D ”可知,本段强调的是Morii学习 走路的过程,故选C。15 .细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Because the AI learns rather than calculating details of each legs movement in advance, which can use a lot of energy, Morti walks using 42 percent less energy than when it first starts at
24、 the end of an hour-long learning process.(因为人工智能学习而 不是预先计算每个腿部运动的细节(这可能会消耗大量的能量),Morti在一个小时的学习过 程结束后,比刚开始走路时少用了 42%的能量。)”可知,人工智能的学习能力减少了 Morti 的能量消耗。故选C。16 .推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Dhireesha Kudithipudi at The University of Texas at San Antonio said that AI robots can often learn a specific task very well b
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