北京市怀柔区2022-2023学年高一上学期期末英语试卷（解析版）.docx

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1、2022-2023高一年级第一学期期末试题英语试卷本试卷共7页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题纸上，在试卷上作答 无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题纸一并交回。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并 在答题卡上将该项涂黑。When I look back at the first half of the year, I am amazed by how many challenges I have been through. But the bi

2、ggest one was definitely my high school graduation 1.When I first arrived in the Czech Republic （捷克）four years ago, I was just a normal exchange 2 who spoke only English. Then at the end of the year-long exchange program, I came up with the idea of 3 my high school studies （here.At that time I was o

3、nly sixteen and delighted by my new future. But I didnt realize the 4 ofcompleting school in the Czech language, which is considered to be one of the most popular 5 in the world. As I lacked （缺少） 6 of certain subjects, I received the worst marks and people around doubted whether I could graduate. Ho

4、wever, I practiced all the time. Gradually, I could communicate with others fluently and my 7 grew.The final exam day came. Thinking about everyone who had helped and supported me along my journey, I felt 8 and confident.In May, I received notice that I had 9 the exam. At my graduation ceremony, my

5、Czech teacher said very proudly in front of everyone. One student, she is from China with only three years of learning Czech, she 10My journey through high school was finally finished. Though the journey of university is just about to begin.I think I am ready.1.A. speechB. examC. presentD. custom2.

6、A. teacherB. expertC. engineerD. student3. A. finishingB. cancelingC. examiningD. preparing4. A. valueB. abilityC. challengeD. benefit5. A. placesB. musicC.songsD. languages6. A. knowledgeB. letterC. luckD. magazine7. A. moneyB. fearC. confidenceD. wony8. A. sadB. troubledC. terribleD. encouraged9.

7、A. passedB. failedC. avoidedD. missed10. A. got awayB. broke downC. made itD. calmed down【答案】l.B2.D3. A 4. C5. D6. A 7,C8. D9. A 10. C【解析】with university degrees growing plants that might someday fuel our cars; fanners were using technology to take the best possible care of their animals.这几句对于农民的描述，

8、可总结出农民的共同特点是在从事现代农业 工作时使用高科技，这需要考生进行总结归纳。DEnjoy the challenge of a new termThe new term is finally here, which means, of course, its time to return to school.For many students across China, that also means having to leave home for the next several months and move into a school dormitory.Being away f

9、rom our family for a long time, however, often leads to homesickness, a feeling that most students have experienced at some point.A study by the UKs National Union of Students found that up to 7（） percent of UK students living away from home experience homesickness within their first few weeks of be

10、ing away.But homesickness isnt just a feeling of sadness that happens in our mind; it can also affect us physically.“You feel homesickness in your stomach-its an unease in which you feel uncomfortable, nervous, stressed because youre in a place or situation thats not fhmiliar,“ Joshua Klapow, a prof

11、essor of public heath at the University of Alabama, us, told HuffPost.According to Klapow, the body reacts physically when ils placed in an unknown situation such as being separated from ones familiar surroundings fbr a long time.“Ils an evolutionary （进化的）thing that makes us protect ourselves from d

12、anger when something is unknown J he told the HuffPost.“When vve think about home, we know that the sense of unknown .is not happening there, so we want to return?So, how can we overcome these physical reactions?Ruth Hardy of the Guardian offered advice for students who are feeling the effects of be

13、ing away from the safely of home.“Try and establish routines （常规）quickly. This can make your new environment feel more stable and will hopefully make you feel more settled,she wrote.Making friends with others who are in your situation is also a great way to feel less homesick, according to Hardy.The

14、 most important thing to remember, however, is that homesickness is completely normal and is nothing to be ashamed of.And once its gone, youre free to enjoy the adventures and challenges of a brand new school year.32. The study by the UKs National Union of Students is mentioned to.A. show how homesi

15、ckness causes harm to studentsprove its common fbr students to feel homesickB. introduce some causes of homesicknessshow how all young people are troubled by homesickness33. What can we learn about homesickness?A. Its only a feeling in our mind.B It usually disappears after a few weeks.C. It has a p

16、hysical influence on our body.D. Il always happens once we visit an unfamiliar place.34. How does Hardy suggest people deal with homesickness?A. Take part in as many activities as possible.B. Talk about your problems with your friends.C. Get into a routine as early as possible.D. Avoid seeing things

17、 related to your home life.【答案】32. B 33. C 34. C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了大多数学生在离开家一段时间后会有想家的感觉，但是想家是 完全正常的，不要感到羞耻。克服了这种感受，你就可以自由地享受全新的学年。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“A study by the UKs National Union of Students found that up to 70 percent of UK students living away from home experience homesickness within their

18、 first few weeks of being away.（英国全国 学生联合会（National Union of Students）的一项研究发现，高达70%的离家在外的英国学生在离家的前几周 会想家。）”可知，提到英国全国学生联合会的研究是为了证明学生想家是很正常的，故选B.【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段 “But homesickness isn,t just a feeling of sadness that happens in our mind; it can also affect us physically.（但是想家不仅仅是一种发生在我们脑海中的悲伤的感觉；它还会

19、影响我们的身体。）” 可知，想家对我们的身体有影响。故选C。【34题详解】细节判断题。根据倒数第四段 “Try and establish routines （常规）quickly. This can make your new environment feel more stable and will hopefully make you feel more settled（试着快速建立日常常规。这会让你 的新环境感觉更稳定，也有希望让你感觉更安定）”可知，Hardy建议人们尽早建立日常常规来应对思乡 之情。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选

20、出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项 涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。How old is “old”?I low old is old”? 35 More than two hundred years ago, you were old at 35. That was the average life then. Al the turn of Che 20（h century, as medical knowledge advanced, the average life span （长度）increased to 45. In 1950, 70-year-olds were real

21、ly old. Today, a healthy 70-year-old is looking forward to many more active years.So, how old is old? The answer is one youve heard many times, from all sorts of people. 4tYou arc as old or young as you fbel!” The calendar （口 历）simply tells you how many years you have lived. 36Once an unknown author

22、 wrote, uYouth is not a time of life but it is a state of mind. Nobody grows old by living a number of years. 3738 Alice Brophy, when she was with the New York City commission fbr the Aging, said, 44It upsets me when people say, Gee, you look young fbr your age! What does that mean? Is there some mo

23、del that youre supposed to look a certain way at 65 and 75 and 85? You know you can die old at 3（） and live young at 80.”There are many wrong ideas about aging. 39 Here are some of the more common ones. For examplemost older people are in poor health, or older people are unable to change.A. Old is a

24、 point of view.B. Its extremely terrible to be grown old.C. The answer has changed over the years.D. Your body tells you how well youve lived.E. Older people arc stubborn, unable to change.F. People grow old by giving up their goals.G. These ideas stereotype （固化）people on the basis of age.【答案】35. C

25、36. D 37. F 38. A 39. G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述的是到底多少岁算老，其实这和心态有关。【35题详解】空格前的“How old is “old”？（“老”是多少岁？）”是一个问题，因此空格处给出回答，C选项“The answer has changed over the years.（多年来,答案一直在变化。）中的The answer”和前面的问题相承 接，因此C选项承接上文，符合语境，故选C。【36题详解】空格前说“You arc as old or young as you fbcl!” The calendar （日历）simply tells yo

26、u how many years you have lived.（“你觉得自己年轻还是老，你就有多年轻！”日历只是告诉你你活了多少年。），接下来应 说到自己是年轻还是老是由除了日历以外的东西来告诉你的，D选项“Your body tells you how well you,ve lived.（你的身体告诉你你过得有多好。）”说明了身体状况会告诉你你是年轻还是老，因此D选项承接 上文，符合语境，故选D。【37题详解】空格前说Nobody grows old by living a number of years.（没有人会因为活了几年而变老。）”,F选项 “People grow old by

27、 giving up their goals.（人因放弃目标而变老。）”在句式上和前面一致，形成句式上的重复，且在语义上和上文相互承接，因此F选项符合语境，故选F。【38题详解】空格后说Alice Brophy, when she was with the New York City commission fbr the Aging, said, “It upsets me when people say,4Gee, you look young fbr your age!5 （爱丽丝，布罗菲（Alice Brophy）在纽约市老龄化委员会 工作时表示，“当人们说，哎呀，你看起来比实际年龄年轻

28、！）”，这说明老只是人们的一种观点，A 选项“Old is a point of view.（老是一种观点。）”正好说明了这一点，因此A选项符合语境，故选A。39题详解】空格前说“There are many wrong ideas about aging.（关于衰老有许多错误的观点。），G选项“These ideas stereotype （固化）people on the basis of age.（这些观念因年龄而使人产牛.成见。）”中的“These ideas”指代前面的“wrong ideas”，因此G选项承接上文，符合语境，故选G。第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4

29、小题，每小题3分，共12分） 阅读下面短文并按要求完成阅读任务。请将答案书写在答题纸相应位置。Most cultures have a festival of light. Each culture celebrates this festival in a different way. There is one thing that is the same, however, and this is the wish for peace and happiness in the world.The Jewish Festival of Light is called Hanukkah. Ha

30、nukkah usually takes place in December. The story of why Hanukkah is celebrated is very old. It is told that a very long time ago, Jewish people called the Macabees were at war with a country called Syria. On the day that the Macabees won the war, they cleaned up their holy place, which is called a

31、temple, because the Syrian people had been living there. They wanted to light their holy lamps to say thank you for （he end of the war, but found only a very small amount of oil left over to do that. The Macabees lit the lamps anyway, thinking that they would soon go out. The lamps kept burning for

32、eight days! The Jewish people celebrate Hanukkah every year by lighting a candlestick that has eight candleholders. Every night a new candle is lit so that on the eighth night, all eight candles stand together. Presents arc given at this time and money is given to the poor.Lanterns are another form

33、of light. In China, lanterns arc famous works of art. The Lantern Festival goes back more than 2,000 years to the Qin Dynasty. It takes place on the 15,h day of the Chinese New Year, bringing the New Year season to a close. During the festival, parks become a sea of lanterns. Sometimes streets arc b

34、locked off and lanterns are put down on each side to make a hallway of lanterns. People also hang lanterns in their gardens, outside their houses or on boats. The lanterns are made in many shapes, sizes and colours. They are usually made from silk, paper and plastic. Some are even made from ice. It

35、is believed that these lanterns will guide visitors and the spirits of ancestors to the celebrations. The Lantern Festival is a time for families, young and old to spend together. Every New Year the wish is the samepeace and happiness to all.40. Whats the same with the festivals of light in differen

36、t cultures?（不超过 11 个单词）Why do the Jewish light a new candle every night during the festival?（不超过 12 个单词）41. What festival brings an end to the new year season?（不超过 5 个单词）What is the purpose of this article?（不超过 8 个单词）【答案】40. The wish for peace and happiness in the worldTo ensure all eight candles st

37、and together on the eighth night42. The Lantern FestivalTo introduce festivals of light from two cultures【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。许多文化中都有庆祝光明的节日，文章中介绍了犹太人的光明节和中国的元 宵节。【40题详解】根据第一段最后一句 There is one thing that is the same, however, and this is the wish for peace and happiness in the world.可知，各个文化中庆祝光明的节日有一点是相同

38、的，也就是对于世界和平和福祉的祈愿。可以据此回答为：The wish for peace and happiness in the worldo41题详解】根据第二段倒数第二句 aEvery night a new candle is lit so that on the eighth night, all eight candles stand together.可知，每晚点亮一支新蜡烛是为了保证在第八天晚上，全部八支蜡烛能齐亮。可以据此I可答 为：To ensure all eight candles stand together on the eighth night。【42题详解】根据

39、第三段第二、三句 The Lantern Festival goes back more than 2.000 years to the Qin Dynasty. It takes place on the 15lhday of （he Chinese New Year, bringing the New Year season to a close. ” 可知，正是元宵节宣 告了中国新年的结束。可以据此回答为：The Lantern Festival【43题详解】根据文章首句“Mosi cultures have a festival of light.”并结合全文内容可知，该篇文章就是在以

40、犹太人的 光明节和中国的元宵节为例，介绍不同文化中的庆祝光明的节日。可以据此回答为：To introduce festivals of light from two cultures第二节（20分）假设你是红星中学高一学生李华，你的英国笔友Jim计划今年来中国过春节，发邮件向你询问有关春 节的习俗。请你给他回爱邮件，内容包括：1 .表示欢迎；.介绍春节的习俗（大扫除、看春晚、吃饺子、收红包等）；2 .建议他准备保暖衣物。注意：1 .词数100左右；.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Jim,Yours,Li Hua【答案】参考答案：Dear JimI am so delighted t

41、o hear from you. Welcome to spend the Spring Festival in China!There are some interesting customs during the Spring Festival. We do a thorough cleaning before the festival and put paper cutting on windows to decorate the room. Usually, we stay up co watch the Spring Festival Gala.Children will recei

42、ve red-bags and family will eat dumplings together. There are also some other activities, such as dancing or setting off fireworks.Normally, the weather during the festival is rather cold, so youd better take some warm clothes.Im sure you will have a good time and spend a wonderful festival. Looking

43、 forward to your coming.Yours,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于告知信。要求考生给英国笔友Jim回信，给他介绍与春节有关的习俗。【详解】1.词汇积累高兴的:delighted pleased/glad在期间：during in全面的：thorough complete 极好的：wonderful excellent/super2.句式拓展原句： Usually, we stay up to watch the Spring Festival Gala.拓展句： Usually, wc stay up to watch the Spring Festiva

44、l Gala, which is usually a feast for our eyes.【点睛】高分句型1 Usually, we stay up to watch the Spring Festival Gala.（运用了动词不定式作目的状语）高分句型 2 Im sure you will have a good time and spend a wonderful festival,了 省略连词的宾语从句）【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者在捷克努力学习，最终通过考试的故事。【1题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但最大的一次考试肯定是我的高中毕业考试。A. speech演讲；B. e

45、xam考试； C. present 礼物；D. custom 习俗。根据上文I am amazed by how many challenges I have been through ” 和 下文uIn May, I received notice that I had 9 the exam.v可知,作者最大的挑战是毕业考试。故选B。【2题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：四年前，当我第一次来到捷克共和国时，我只是一个只会说英语的普通交换 生。A. teacher 老师;B. expert 专家;C. engineer 工程师；D. student 学生。根据I came up with the

46、 idea of3 my high school studies there.“可知,作者是个学生。故选 Do【3题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在为期一年的交换项目结束时，我萌生了在那里完成高中学业的想法。A.finishing 完成;B. canceling 取消;C. examining 检查：D. preparing 准备。根据下文“But I didnt realize the4 of completing school in the Czech language 可知，作者想要在那里完成高中学业。故选A。【4题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我没有意识到用捷克语完成学业的挑战，捷克

47、语被认为是世界上最流行的 语言之一。A. value 价值;B. ability 能力;C. challenge挑战;D. benefit 益处。根据上文“I am amazed by how many challenges I have been through. ” 可知，此处是信息词 challenge 的词汇复现。故选 C。【5题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. places地点;B. music音乐；C. songs歌曲；D. languages语言。which 引导非限制性定语从句，指代Czech language,此处表示捷克语被认为是世界上最流行的语言之一。故选 Do【6

48、题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于我缺乏某些学科的知识，我得到了最差的分数，周围的人怀疑我是否能 毕业。A. knowledge 知识；B. leiter 信；C. luck 运气；D. magazine 杂志。根据下文 “I received the worst marks and people around doubled whether I could graduate.M可知，作者由于缺乏某些学科知识，导致成绩 差，不知能否毕业。故选A。【7题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，我可以流利地与人交流，我的信心也增加了。A. money钱：B. fear 害怕；C. confidence 自信;D. worry 担心。根据上文 wHowever, I practiced all the time.” 和卜文 Gradually, I could communicate with others fluently 可知，作者的自信心加强了。故选 C。【8题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：想到一路上帮助和支持我的每一个人，我感到鼓舞和自信。A. sad难过