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1、第二讲“有提示词类”解题攻略第1节名词St叩1典题感悟高考名题这样考考查角度1名词变复数1. (2019U匕京卷)No matter what you like to do, there is a way to get involved in various(activity) on Earth Day.解析考查名词复数。句意：无论你喜欢做什么，有一个方法 可以让你参与地球日的各种活动。根据设空前的修饰词various可知， 此处要用名词的复数形式。故填activities。答案activities2. (2018全国卷 I )Two of the authors of the review

2、also made a study published in 2014 that showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all (cause).解析考查名词复数。此处cause是可数名词，意为“原因”， 句中的all表示“所有”，后应用可数名词的复数形式，故填causes。答案causes3. (2018浙江卷)Making Chinese(dish) is seen as especially troublesome.解

3、析考查名词复数。dish是可数名词，其前无限定词，故用 其复数形式dishes0答案dishes4. (2017-HIII)She has turned down several(invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.解析考查名词复数。根据句意可知她已拒绝了好几个邀请， 前面有several修饰，故用invitation的复数形式。答案invitationsInstead, he was always searching for a(mean) for life.解析第一个空，形容词scienti

4、fic修饰可数名词discovery,空 前没有不定冠词说明是复数。故填discoveries。第二个空，根据前面 有不定冠词a,故判断这里用名词。故填meaning。答案 discoveries; meaning13. (2018- )Halfway through his talk, the speaker stopped and decided to create a group(act).解析该空作create的宾语，应用名词。故该空填action。答案action14. (2018辽宁大连一模)The (operate) are often friendly and it!s als

5、o convenient to find other tourists, who want to carpool or travel together to cut cost.解析由句意可知，此处是表示人的名词作主语，且由系动词 are,判断出主语应该用名词复数，故填operators。答案operators15. . (2018广东茂名五校联考)It，s showing this Sunday with (perform) every hour from midday onwards, with the last showing at 5 oclock, two hours before t

6、he museum closes.解析with为介词，后需跟名词或动名词，由句意可知此处表 示“演出”，应用名词performance o故填performance o答 案 performanceII .语篇语法填空(2019四川眉山第一月考)Cars are too expensive for many people around the world 1.(own). Not only that, many cities are already full of traffic, and many country areas have rough roads.So how do people

7、 travel those distances 2.are too far to walk? They use public transportation. If you ride the subway 3.bus, you can appreciate some of the benefits of public transportation. With many people 4.(share) one bus or train, there is less traffic and, more 5.(importance), less pollution.Which of the type

8、s of public transportation 6.(describe) below are you familiar with? If a regular bus can hold dozens of people, imagine 7.a bus twice the size can hold! In Great Britain, there are many buses that are known as double-deckers (cars with two floors).Buses in Haiti are often very crowded. Its not 8.(m

9、on) for passengers to actually sit on the rooftops. Buses are sometimes called “ tap-taps n , because the 9.(ride) on the roof tap when they want to be dropped off.Many large cities around the world take advantage of the space beneath the streets and run underground trains. People in Paris, Mexico C

10、ity and Tokyo may use the subway system to get to school, to work, or to visit friends in 10.neighborhoods.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，目前世界上主要的公共交通工具 是公交车和地铁，文章详细介绍了这两种公共交通工具并列举了一些 城市对公共交通工具的利用。1 .解析考查不定式复合结构。句意：对于世界上很多人来 说拥有汽车太贵了。不定式复合结构为：for/of sb. to do sth.,其中sb. 是动作的发出者。故填to own。答案to own2 .解析考查定语从句。本题定语从句的先行

11、词是those distances,这是指物的先行词，所以要使用关系代词which/that指代， 引导定语从句并在句中作主语。故填that/which。答案that/which3 .解析考查连词。句意：如果你乘坐地铁或公共汽车，你 就能够享用公共交通的好处。在疑问句和条件句中通常使用or而不 是ando故填oro答案or4 .解析考查with复合结构。句意：很多人共同使用一辆公 交车或火车，交通流量会更少，更重要的是污染更少了。介词with 的复合结构为“with+宾语+宾语补足语”，本句中with的宾语manypeople与动词share构成主动关系，所以使用现在分词。故填sharing0

12、答案sharing5 .解析考查副词。副词在句中通常作状语修饰形容词、副 词、动词或整个句子。句意：很多人共同使用一辆公交车或火车，交 通流量会更少，更重要的是污染更少了。本句中副词importantly在 句中作状语，故填importantly。答案importantly6 .解析考查非谓语动词。本句中动词describe与public transportation构成被动关系，所以使用过去分词短语described below 作定语修饰public transportation。句意：下面描述的公共交通类型中 哪一种是你所熟悉的？故填describedo答案described7 .解析考

13、查宾语从句。本句中what引导从句作动词imagine 的宾语，并在句中作动词hold的宾语。句意：如果常规的公共汽车 能够容纳很多人，想象一辆两倍尺寸的公交车能容纳多少人呢？故填 whato答案what8 .解析句意：海地的公交车通常非常拥挤，乘客坐在车顶 上都是很常见的。根据上文中crowded,可知海地的公交车很拥挤, 后句中使用双重否定表示肯定，强调拥挤程度。故填urnnon。答案unmon9 .解析考查名词。句中谓语动词tap前面是主语，tap是复 数形式，说明主语应该使用ride的名词rider的复数形式riders0故填 riders。答案riders10 .解析考查形容词。句意

14、：在巴黎、墨西哥和东京，人们 经常乘坐地铁上学、上班或去其他社区看望朋友。句中形容词other 作定语修饰名词neighborhoods。故填other。答案other专题强化训练（二）I .语法填空A(2019陕西省渭南第五次质量检测)Shawns Saturday“Hey, Dad! ” Shawn shouted, Im going to play basketball with Peter!Shawns dad came into the kitchen, “Have you finished 1.(clean) the garage ? ”Shawn tried to decide

15、whether to admit the 2.(true). His dad would notice the garage hadnt been cleaned, 3.Shawn wanted to play basketball.Shawns dad understood his silence. You havent even started, have you? You promised youd take care of 4.first thing this morning.”Shawn plained, “Why do I have to clean the garage, any

16、way? ” Because you said you would, and you need to follow through with 5.you say.” But Dad , “ Shawn protested, I promised Peter. Soon, his dads face lit 6. Lets go out to the garage fbr a minute.”7.(puzzle), Shawn followed his father into the garage. His dad pointed to the dull, gray cement walls.

17、What if you ask Peter to e over here? If you and Peter clean up thoroughly, then you can paint 8.(picture) on those two walls.”“What about playing basketball? Peter 9.(wait) for me.”His dad said thoughtfully, “If Peter stays over tonight, then I will drive you two over to play basketball after suppe

18、r.”“Can we order pizza? ” “ 10.(absolute)! v his dad grinned. Shawn raced back into the kitchen to call Pete.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了爸爸教育儿子做事要 坚持到底。1 .解析考查非谓语动词。finish后加动词时应该是-ing形式。 句意：你把车库打扫完了吗？故填cleaning。答案cleaning2 .解析考查名词。the后面应该加名词形式。句意：肖恩试 图决定是否承认事实。故填truth。答案truth3 .解析考查连词。根据无提示词的做题规律，此处可以排 除冠词、代

19、词、介词，故只能填连词。而上下文出现了转折，故此处 填but。句意：他的父亲会注意到车库没有被打扫过，但是肖恩想打 篮球。故填but。答案but4 .解析考查代词。take care of后缺宾语，故只能用代词it指 代前文出现过的事物。句意：你答应过今天早上第一件事要处理的。 故填ito答案it5 .解析考查宾语从句。宾语从句中缺少宾语，填what,代 表所说的内容。句意:你必须坚持你所说的。故填what。答案what6 .解析考查副词。短语light up,本意是“容光焕发”，本 文段中应理解为肖恩父亲心中有另外的想法，所以“脸色一变”。句 意：很快，他爸爸脸色一变。故填up。答案up7

20、.解析考查非谓语动词。过去分词作状语，表示人“感到 迷惑的”。句意：肖恩迷惑不解地跟着父亲走进车库。故填Puzzled。答案Puzzled8 .解析考查名词的单复数。此处应填名词，再根据文意， picture不只有一副，故填复数形式。句意：然后你可以在这两堵墙上 画画。故填pictures。答案pictures9 .解析考查时态。当事人说话的当下，应该用现在进行时， 表示Peter此刻正在等“我”。句意：彼得正在等我。故填is waiting。答案is waiting10 .解析考查副词。这里作为感叹词。句意：“一点儿不错！” 他的爸爸咧嘴笑了。故填Absolutelyo答案Absolutel

21、yB(2019山西应县第一月考)In recent years, many original Chinese childrens novels and picture books, with moving stories and Chinese elements, 1.(reach) great heights in the international markets. Childrens books have clocked 7.3 million volumes, 2.(account) for 50.33 percent of all books exported.Three facto

22、rs have 3.(great) contributed to the 4.(grow): the depth of the story, traditional Chinese elements and emotions of the characters.The meaning of childrens books lies in conveying the profound connotation (内涵)behind the story. Through the unique interpretation of the humanity and the environment, 5.

23、(write) share the same feelings with Chinese and Western readers.Cao Wenxuan, 6. is the writer of Bronze and Sunflower, even won Hans Christian Andersen Award. The English version of the book was published in 2015 by a British pany, 7.republished in 2017. It was included in “the voice of the world一t

24、he worlds 8.(beautiful) novel series” .The book tells the story of the growing relationship 9.a city girl, Sunflower, and a country boy, Bronze. The author displays the extreme struggle of the characters in 10.face of hardship, and describes the true, the good and the beautiful in human nature with

25、vigor。舌力)and warmth.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。近年来，许多中国的儿童的小说 和图画书含有中国元素，在国际市场上得到了很高的认识度。有三个 因素极大地促进了这种增长：故事的深度、中国传统元素和人物的情 感。本文介绍了作家曹文轩及他的获奖作品Bronze and Sunflowero1 .解析考查时态。根据In recent years,可知句子用现在完 成时态，句子主语是 many original Chinese childrens novels and picture books,所以谓语动词用复数形式，故填have reached。答案have reached2 .解

26、析考查现在分词。句意：儿童书籍的销量达到730万 册，占所有图书出口的50.33%。此处是现在分词作伴随状语，故填 accounting o答案accounting3 .解析考查副词。句意：有三个因素极大地促进了经济增 长。此处contribute是动词，副词修饰动词，故填greatly。答案greatly4 .解析考查名词。句意：有三个因素极大地促进了经济增 长。定冠词the用在名词前面，故填growth。答案growth5 .解析考查名词复数。句意：通过对人文和环境的独特解 读，作家们与中国和西方读者有着同样的感受。结合句意可知此处用 名词复数,故填writerso答案writers6 .

27、解析考查非限制性定语从句。句意：曹文轩是Bze和 5以加双6厂这两本书的作者，赢得了安徒生奖。此处Cao Wenxuan是 先行词，指人，后面的定语从句缺少主语，故填who。答案who7 .解析考查并列连词。句意：这本书的英文版于2015年由 一家英国公司出版，并于2017年再版。此处表示递进的并列关系， 故填ando答案and8 .解析考查最高级。句意：它被收录在“世界之声世 界上最美丽的小说系列”中。可知此处用形容词最高级，故填most beautiful。答案most beautiful9 .解析考查介词。句意：这本书讲述了一个城市女孩和一 名乡村男孩之间的故事。between. and

28、.,两者之间,故填between。答案between10 .解析考查固定搭配。句意：作者展示了面对苦难人物的 极端斗争，并用活力和热情描述了人性的真实、善良和美丽。in the face of “面对着”，故填the。答案the.短文改错A（2019山东枣庄第八考前预测）1 am writing to tell you something about the transportation in China. Over the past few decades we had developed an amazing network of public transportation. Beside

29、, we have been decided to make efforts to make them much better. I am sure a network will satisfy your needs for traveling everywhere more convenient. People usually choose the means of transportation based with some aspects, such as the costs and the time needing. For example, businessmen are more

30、likely travel by plane or high-speed train to save time while office worker tend to take buses or drive to work themselves. I believe you will quickly figure out when to get around once you are in China.答案I am writing to tell you something about the transportation in China. Over the past few decades

31、 we had developed an amazing network of havepublic transportation. Beside, we have b丽n decided to make efforts to Besidesmake them much better. I am sure a network will satisfy your needsititthe for traveling everywhere more convenient. People usually choose the means of transportation based with so

32、me aspects, such as the costs and onthe time needing. For example, businessmen are more likely A travel neededtoby plane or high-speed train to save time while office worker tend to workerstake buses or drive to work themselves. I believe you will quickly figure out when to get around once you are i

33、n China.howB（2019贵州安顺市高中期末）During my process of grow up, senior high school life is most wonderful. The teachers give excellent lessons on a special way. All of them have rich knowledge. They not only explain the contents of textbooks and also provide extra information from many other aspect. Every

34、word they say it in class makes me feel exciting. I have a strong desire to learn as much as I can. There are different after-school activities what are organized by us. We often shared a lot of things together. I am absolute fond of my senior school life.答案During my process of grow up, senior high

35、school life is A most growingthewonderful. The teachers give excellent lessons on a special way. All of inthem have rich knowledge. They not only explain the contents of textbooks and also provide extra information from many other aspect.butaspectsEvery word they say h in class makes me feel excitin

36、g. I have a strong exciteddesire to learn as much as I can. There are different after-school activities what are organized by us. We often shared a lot of things together. I which/thatshaream absolute fond of my senior school life.absolutelyin.阅读理解（2019 广西六市联合调研）The Ice and Snow Festival HighlightsI

37、t will fall upon January 1st, 2019 and last till the early March, 2019, Based on the theme of “Bright Pearl of the Crown of Ice and Snow”, a variety of activities about ice and snow, concerning tourism, culture, fashion and sport, will be open to all tourists.TypeActivity JTimePlaceArtThe 11th Inter

38、national College Students Snow Sculpture Competition InspirationSnowDreamJan. 4th 7thHaibinEngineeringUniversity .CultureThe 35th Group Wedding Ceremony on the IceFeb. 5thZhaolin ParkThe 30th Hundred-Flower Dance contestFeb. 13thPeople s Stadium2019 NewYear ConcertFeb. 20thCity Concert Hall .考查角度2动词

39、变名词5. (2019全国卷IH)When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting(pete) to watch, together with the story behind it.解析考查名词。由空格前的不定冠词an与空格后的不定式 to watch可以确定空格处应该填名词形式。故填petitiono答案petition6. .(2019-浙江卷)Other American studies showed no (connect) between

40、uniforms and school performance.解析考查名词。句意：其他的美国研究表明校服和表演之间 没有联系。no是形容词，形容词修饰名词，位于名词前，名词可用 复数也可用单数形式。connect是动词，“联系”的意思，因此，要 用其名词形式。故填connection/connections。答案connection/connections.(2018-全国卷 H )This switch has decreased(pollute) in the countrys major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safe

41、r for people.解析考查词性转换。此处应填pollute的名词形式pollution 作宾语。答案pollution7. (2018浙江卷)Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in (weigh)problems.解析考查名词。根据语境可知，此处表示“体重问题”，空 处需要填名词weighto答案weight8. II)This development was only possible w

42、ith the(introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts.解析考查词性转换。空格前是the,后面应该是名词，故填名 词 introduction。TourismThe 31 st Sun Island Snow Sculpture Art Exposition for senior peopleFeb. 5th 10thSun IslandScenic AreaSportInternational Contract ofIce and SnowFeb. 6th and 7thFriendship PalaceInternational W

43、inter Swimming Inviting CompetitionJan. 1 st for trail operation and offi c iallyo peni ngon Jan. 5 th. till the early Mar. JJiuzhan Park语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。短文介绍了哈尔滨冰雪旅游节的 相关信息。1. Where can you go to see college students1 snow sculpture works?A. Harbin Engineering University.B. Peoples Stadium.C. Sun Isla

44、nd Scenic Area.D. Friendship Palace.解析细节理解题。由 Art 的“Harbin Engineering University” 可 知，第十一届国际大学生雪雕大赛将于1月4日7日在哈尔滨工程 大学举行。所以你可以去哈尔滨工程大学看大学生的雪雕作品。故选 Ao答案A2. Who is the 31st Sun Island Snow Sculpture Art Exposition intended for?A. Newly-married couples.B. The old.C. College students.D. The young.解析 细节理解

45、题。由 Tourism 中的“The 31st Sun Island SnowSculpture Art Exposition for senior people”可知，第 31 届太阳岛老年人 雪雕艺术博览会于2月5日10日在太阳岛景区举行。所以，第31 届太阳岛雪雕艺术博览会是专为老年人举办的。故选B。答案BWhich event will last the longest time?A. 2019 New Year Concert.B - The 30th Hundred-Flower Dance Contest.C. The 35th Group Wedding Ceremony on

46、 the Ice.D. International Winter Swimming Inviting petition.解析细节理解题。由 Sport 中的“Jan. 1st for trail operation and officially opening on Jan. 5th, till the early Mar.”可知,国际冬季游泳邀 请赛在1月1日试运行，1月5日正式开放至3月初，所以国际冬季 游泳邀请赛持续的时间最长。故D选项正确。答案DIV .七选五阅读填空（2019甘肃天水第一第五次质量检测）If youre leading a group of people toward

47、s success, you must learn how to motivate others. Try one or more of the following ways of motivating people.Treat people kindly. As a leader, you need to treat others helping you with the utmost respect and kindness.1 You might not know it,but its a big motivation booster when people are treated right. People enjoy knowing when theyre doing a good job and enjoy working with people that treat them with kindness.2 When people are fully responsible, theyll be more likely tofind the motivation to plete the task. This is because, as a part of a group,