2023年人教版英语必修五第五单元知识点.docx

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1、U5(BX5)F i rst ai d Langu a g e po i nt s1 Ai d (v)帮助;援助=hel p s b帮助某人去做.aid sb t o d o在事帮助某人aid s b i n .He aide d me i n business.I a i d ed her t o continue her study.At Chr i s t m a s , many o r g an i zat i on s a id t he poor.n /U/帮助；援助在某人的帮助下w i th the a i d o f为了帮助in a i d ofTe a c h ers gi

2、v e th e i r lessons with t h e a i d of c omp u t e r s .Hera ise d mon e y i n a id o f t he s i ck.知识拓展：giv e /off e r ai d 援助c ome t o sb. s a i d 帮助某人cutoff aid (忽然)终止援助a hearing ai d 助听器teaching aid s 教具m e di c al a i d医疗救护. temp o r ary暂时的，临时的temporary relief from pain 短暂的解痛t em p orary work

3、/ s o 1 ut i o n临时工作/解决办法j e weljew e 11 e ryj ewelsShe appeare d a t th e r e cep t i on weari n g he r fines t jewe 1 s.S he lock e d her jew e Is in the j ewellery box.M y sis t er has _.A. a pieceo f jewelleryB . a jewelle r yC. a 1 i ttleo f jew e I s D. a bit jew e 1 1 e r y22.Coo 1 bur n s im

4、m e d i a tely wi t h c 0 ol b u t no t i c y water.立即用凉水给伤口冲凉,但不要用冰水y是个形容词后缀。如：win d y有风hilly多小山的s 1 e e py困倦的 g r een y略呈绿色的s pic y辛辣的 wood y树木茂密的23. u n bearable不能忍受的u n一不能.，无法.unforgettableunw i 11 i ngunus u al u nc e r t ainu n fa i ru nfitu n b e 1 ievable unfo r tunateuni i keu n c o m f ort

5、 a ble2 4 . sq u eeze 挤;压;塞sth. i n to sth.把塞进sth. f rom / o ut o f sth.挤出 t h r ough 挤过sth. out o f s b .敲诈逼某人说出 sb in挤出时间见某人c r oc o dil e sq u e e z e d a t ear.I s que e zed myself onto th e cro w dedt rain.He s q ueezed ev e ryth i ng into a suitcas e .S he watc h ed her gra n dm a s q u eeze t

6、h e ju i c e out of a 1 e mo n a tte n t i v e 1 y Although I a m bu s y , I st i 11 can s queez e you in at 10 oclockThos e b lackmailers intended t o sque e ze more money ou t of h im.那些勒索者打算向 他榨取更多钱。r 1 1 n ever give in to you, and y ou can squeeze no t h i n g out of m eThe little b o y is sq u

7、eezing t he to o t hp a ste from t he t u be o nto the toot h b r ush2 5 . over an d over a g ai nL i st som e ph r ases o r w o r ds that have s i m i la r mea n i n g over an d ove r again a n d ag a i n over a nd aga i n many times repeat e dly from time t o time now an d then no w and againS om

8、e t i mesAt t i mesO n occasio n s. H o 1 d t h e bandage i n place w i t h tape用胶布把绷带固定。i n plac e在适当的地方。如：The librar i an put the r e tu r ned b o oks in place.图书馆员把还回的图书放到原处。Y o iT d b e tter p ut t h ing s back in pl a ce.你最佳把你的东西放回原位。Her dr e s s was out of pla c e at t he ce r emony.（不得体，不适当）i

9、n pl a ce尚有“准备就绪”的意思。如：T h e a r rangemen t s f o r the c one e r t n ext Saturd a y are all in pl a ce.周六的音乐会 已经准备就绪。Wi t h eve r y thing i n p lace, she starte d th e slide sho w.26 .P o ur1 .倒,灌，注Sh e pour e d herself a not h er cu p of tea.她为自己又倒了一杯茶。2 , 倾 注； 大 量 投 入； 大 量 生 产Th e y h a v e poure

10、 d m o ney into the tour i s t i n d ustr y .他们已经把大笔钱投入了 旅 游业。3倾吐，诉说S he o f ten pours her trouble s to f rie n ds.她经常向朋友们倾诉自己的苦恼。不及物动词vi.1 .倾泻，涌流The crowd p o ured ou t of t h e co n cert h all.人群从音乐厅涌出来。Sw e a t p oured fr o m Mart i n*s f a c e.马丁脸上汗如雨下。2 .甚斗茶A Shall I pour?我来斟茶好吗？3 (雨)倾盆而降(+d o

11、wnThe r a in pou r ed steadi 1 y down.大雨不断地倾盆而下。Pour co 1 d w a te r on/ ove r 对.泼冷水Po u r oil on t h e fl a mes 火上浇油Pour o i 1 on t r o ub 1 ed w a t ers 平息风波.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。1. The r e are o v er 11 5 d i fferent k i nds of( p oison) sna k es i n Au s t r alia.2. Do c to r s i n th a t hospit a 1 a

12、re de v elo p i ng a new (tr e at) fo r cancer.3. He is a (mildly) perso n who n ever sh o uts.poisono u st r eatmen tm i Id. Th ismac h in e h as an(ele c trie)fau 1 t.(与电有关的)4 . His facewas (swell)up wi t h to o thach e .5 . If h e( b loo d )to o much,his 1 ife willb e indanger.6 . Hisf oot was bu

13、 r n ed by h otwa t e r an d th er e w eresever a 1(wa t e r) bli s ters on it.s w ollenb lee d swat e r yel e ctrica 1II.根据句意，选择适当的单词或短语并用其适当形式填空。1 . protec t ; defendTak i ng a n um b r e 1 1 a c an you fr o m rain.a. Sch o o 1 s sho u Id giv e childre n le s sons on h o w to ve s .p r otectprote

14、c t /defend2 . wou n d; i n ju r e; h u rta. S h e was b a dly when she fell off her b i ke.b . Hi s leg when h e walk s .b. The soldier go t a s eriou s in the war.hurt / in j u r ed w o und hu r t sinsi s t on; st i ck t oa. One e a d e cisi o n h as b een made, all o f us s hould b . They 1 eavi

15、n g t h at day.c . He a 1 ways h i s p r omi s e .s t icks to st i c k to ins i st e d o nc ut of f ； cut out； cutupHe was t h e me a t and wante d t o mak e d u mp 1 ings.b. You can the unimpor t a n t details.c . T he v il 1 age was b y hea v y snow fora mon t h. cutoff cutt i n g up cut ou tt hem

16、se 1t hemse 1it.III.用适当的介词填空。1. We dont want to hear your opini o ns； sti c k _ the facts.2. Th e r o b b e r rob bed the ban k f orce.3. Whe t her we will have a p ic n ic t omorrow d e pends _ the weat h er.4. He was g rea t pai n after he br o k e his arm.tobyo nin / of5. T h ey dec i ded t o joi

17、n to fig h t th e enemy and d efen d their c o un t ry.6. As so o n as all the chairs a re place, we c a n 1 e t th e p eop 1 e i n .Dont tak e an y notice w hat he s ays.8.the aid of our t e ac h er, w e got t hrough a 1 1 the diffi c u 1 t i es.Withagainsti n ofV下列各句均有一处错误，请指出并改正.I f yo u want to

18、chan g e for a doub 1 e room, y ou 1 1 have t o pay ot h e r 30 y u a n . a no t he r2. F i rst the curta i n caught a fi r e and then t he bedel othes. it3.1 like th a t in t h e a u t umn whe n t he weather i s c lea r and bright.4 . Tomy disappoin t m e nt, non e of my par e nts answ e red the te

19、 1 e p hone. neit h e r. She k new there was no doub t whe t her he was lying to h e r . th a t5 . I t w a s in th e s t r eet where I met John, th a t. The spe e c h is in the pl ace for this occ a s i on.VI.根据括号内所给的提醒将下列句子翻译成英语。1 .他被年轻人挤出了人才市场。(squ e eze out o f)He w as sq u eeze d out of t he job

20、 mar k e t by young pe o p le.2 .我一次又一次地警告过你不要再做那么傻的事。(o v er and over a g ain)Ive wa r ned y o u o ver a nd o v er a g ain n o t to d o sue h s i 1 ly thi n gs.3 .用胶带固定好绷带。(in p 1 ac e )Ho 1 d t he ban d a g e in p lac e with tape.4 .风暴对庄稼没导致多大的破坏。(do dama g e t o )T h e s t orm didnt d o mu c h d

21、amage t o the crops.5 .我不怀疑他能准时完毕任务。(do u bt)I do nt d o ubt tha t he can finis h th e task on tim e .6 .坚持做完一件事。(s t ick t o)Stick to a ta s k u nt i 1 it is finish e d .7 .法律一旦被制订，就应当被认真执行。(car r y ou t )Laws must be car r ied out se r i o usl y o n ce ma d e .8 .正是那个护士的快速反映和急救知识挽救了男孩的生命。It was th

22、e nurses qu i c k ac t ion a n d knowledge of f irst ai d t h at sa v e d the boy.Re a ding21 baw a rd, rewa r d , pr i z eaw a rd指正式地或官方地颁发，授予,给予;也可以指法庭裁决给予。如：The school princ i pal a wa r d e d a p rize in hi s t ory to the b est s t udent.学校校长将历史奖授予最杰出的学生。rewa rd”报答，报偿，奖赏表达由于做了某事而应当得到的东西。如：The f

23、i r e man r e cei v e d a reward fo r s a v ing the chil ds life.因救了小孩的命，消防员提到一笔奖金。prize 奖赏，奖金，奖品”，尤指在比赛中获得的荣誉。如：Hun d r e d s of p r i z e s can be won in o ur n ews p a per compe t i t ion.参与我们报纸的竞赛可以赢得数以百计的奖品。1 .1 t is w idel y acc epted t h at young b a b ies learn to d o thin g s bee a u s ecer

24、taina ctsA. reward s B. p r izes2. The mayor thecertaina ctsA. reward s B. p r izes2. The mayor theleadtoC. awards D. re s ul t s po 1 i c e officer a me d a 1o f h onor for his he r oi cdeed i n rescuing the ear thq u a k e victims. a A) r e wa r d e dB) aw a rdedC) cr e d i t e dD )pri z ed一.awa r

25、 d 与r e ward 词义辨析AB3. Th e poli c e hav e offere d a lar g e _ for i nform a t i on le a din g to the robbers a rrest.A. aw a rd B. compensationC. p r iz e D. rew ardD2. H o n orn. (U)荣誉，尊敬洛誉Its a point of honor w i t h me t o re p ly all my d e bts p r om p tly.(C)引认为荣的人/事，只用单数。(D) T he successful

26、1 aunch o f the “S h enzhou VI” i s an h o nor to o u r count r y .do sb a n hon o r /1 he h o n or (of doi n g sth)使某人有特殊的荣幸，赏光Will y o u do m e th e hono r of dining w i th me?可否赏光和我一起吃饭？ i n sbs /s t hs honor出于对.的敬意 We ar e planning abig Ch r is t mas pa r ty i n y o ur honor.我们正筹备为你举行一次盛大的圣诞晚会。i

27、n h o n or of.，为纪念，为庆祝A mon u m e nt w a s bui 1 t in honor of the h eroes w h o g a ve u p t h e i r live s duri n g t he war .为了纪念在战争中献身的英雄们，建立了一座纪念碑。Honorv.给予表扬(或奖励、头衔、称号)1 ho n o r sb /sth ( with sth)The P r esi d ent h onored us wi t h a pers o nal visit.2 b e honored for.因而受到尊敬Dr Bet h une wa

28、s h o nor e d for his s elf 1 e ss wo r k.白求恩大夫由于他无私的工作而 受到赞誉。3 b e /f e e 1 honored that很荣幸能做I am h o n o red that you sh o uld notice me. 我很荣幸您能注意到我。4 be / f e el h onored to do 很荣幸能做。I am h o nor e d to be here with yo u .能和你在这里我感到很荣幸。a n h o nor e d guest 来宾3 prese n t v.Joan was presente d with

29、 his award a t a c eremon y wh i ch r e c o gnized the bravery o f t he 1 i fe of ano t her.1 .赠送p r e s e nt + sth. + t o + s b.把某物送给某人p r ese n t + s b. + w i t h sth.赠送某人某物2 .i n t r o d uc e (sb) f ormally 正式介绍S he present e d her b o y f rie n d to us.她把男朋友介绍给我们。3 . show显示，呈现a smil i ng f a c e

30、显出一张笑脸4 .描述The c haracters i n the n o vel are vividly e d .小说中人物被描写得很生动adj .作前置定语，“目前的，现在的”作后置定语，“出席的,在场的t he present membersthe m e mbe r s p r es e ntn.gift 礼物相关短语：th e p resen t day 今天( = today)at pres e nt/ a t t he p re s en t time二no w 现在f or the p rese n t 暂时the pre s en t现在(相称于名词)be p r e s

31、ent a t 出席;到场4). c eremonyn.(C)典礼；典礼(U)礼节；礼仪；客套The wed ding ceremony wa s beau tiful.There is n o need f or c e r emony bet we e n us.E x p r e s s i ons:sta n d o n cerem o ny拘泥礼节;讲究客套wit h c e rem o ny 正式；隆重wi t hout c e r emon y不拘礼节地;随便地f a 11+ a dj.il 1asle e paw a kes icksilentHis w i fe s ud d

32、 enly la s t we e k.She has for a week.fe 1 1 il 1been i1 14 get+过去分词表被动或状态The computer got damaged w h e n we were mo v i n g.My bike i s ge t t ing repaire d now.My g 1 a s s es got b roke n wh i lei was pla y in g bas k e t b all.Pet e r a n d Mar y got married last year.get doneget i n jured 受伤g

33、 et dres s ed穿衣月艮get damaged遭至U破坏g et ch a n g e d 改变get marr i ed 结婚g e t in f ected 被感染get b r oke n被弄破ge t lost迷失,走失5 in j ure v. n. adj.The head o f s tat e w a s w e Icomed with ful 1ceremony.人们以最高规格的典礼欢迎国家首脑。5 ）. Jo h n was stu d ying in h is room when h e h e ard scream i ng.此句型中when作并列连词相称于a

34、nd then意为合法时忽然工 常用于以下句型：b e d o ing .when. 正在做忽然b e a b out to d o .w h en.即将做忽然b e o n t he point t o do. when.正要去做 忽然h as / h a v e/ha d done.when.刚刚这时 （忽然）例题（06, 湖南）1 had just ste p p e d out of the bat h ro o m and was busy d r ying m y se 1 f with a t o weL _ I heard the steps.A .whi 1 e B. w h

35、 en C. since D. a f tercut one7 s fi n ger 割破手指have o n es hair c u t 理发cut exp e n s es减少费用c u t a cl a ss 逃学Wa s y o ur s a lary cut?你的薪水减少了吗？习惯用语：be cut o u t f o r有做某事的天赋；适合于； 与.相配合 sho r t cut 捷径， 近路（一般和make , tak e 连用； 有时用作定语） draw c uts抽签a c ut about乱切，舌L砍舌L跑cut at向砍去 猛打 毁掉ac u t away切除，剪掉 急忙

36、跑掉 cut back（on）减少；剪短;倒叙;缩减；中断；cut down削减，压缩砍倒使丧命比强；使逊色acu t in插进来说，插嘴夹进来夹 塞干预超车cut i n to插进来，参与（谈话），打断（别人的话）；减少，缩减；切开； 侵犯（利益） cut off切断，停掉隔绝，挡住死掉使电话中断切剪下来 剥夺（继承权Xcut out 删掉停止（机器）失灵6 .a num b e r of+可数名词,谓语用复数，意为“许多，大量的”，th e n umber o f +可数名词，谓语用单数，意为” 的数量”e g：l)A n umber o f p rob 1 ems have ar i s

37、 e n.已经出现了很多问题。2)T h e n u mb e r of c o 11 e ges has i ncr e a s ed i n t h e p a st 10 y e ars.在过去的十年 里，大学的数量有所增长。-其他表达“许多，大量”的短语：a great /good manya large / g re a t /good/ s mall numbe r o f + 可数名词a good few / quit e a fewmany amucha g r ea t / good de a 1 o fa g r ea t / 1 a r ge am o unt of+ 不

38、可数名词q u i te a li t t lea 1 ot of / lots ofa g re a t / large quanitity o f+可数或不可数名词1 a rge qua n ititie s ofp 1 en t y of8. put o ne*s h a nds o n 找至Ueg: Few o f the stud e n t s have p u 11 h e ir h a nds on t he materia 1 s for th e ir com p osit i on s .没有几个学生找到适合他们作文的素材。9 .treat vt.1）对待；看待，把看作：

39、tr e at sb.b a dl y 虐待某人tr e at s b.a s disting u is h d e d g ues t 把某人待为上宾treat s b. wit h consi d eration 对待某人很体贴Do not tr e at th is s e r iou s matt e r a s a jo k e .2）讨论;探讨；详述；（文学，艺术作品中）描绘，描述;表现：H e tre a tsthis subje c t thoroughly i n h is boo k.他在书中详尽透彻地讨论了这个 问题。3）医治，治疗：treat s b. fo r i n

40、 f lu e n z a给某人医治流行感冒t r e a t sb9 s toot h ache 治疗某人的牙痛4）款待，请客（to）:t reat sb. t o a n i c e c r e a m（ a theatre）请某人吃冰激凌（看戏）r 11 t r e at myself t o a su n bat h .我耍好好地享受一次日光浴。Lets g o o ut for dinn e rmy treat th i s tim e .这次由我请客。10 .applyVt,涂，敷；应用;合用A p plication-app 1 ic a n t - a pplicanc e a

41、 p plicable1）涂，敷她在脸上浓妆艳抹S h e ap p lied he a v y makeu p to h e r f a ce.2）我们应当把理论应用于实践。We s h ould app 1 y theory t o pr a ct i ce.Th i s rule ca n no t b e a ppli e d t o ever y c a se.v i.申请 app 1 y to sb for sthap p ly for a job申请就业Apply fo r a schola r s h i p 申请奖学金ap p ly to do st h申请做某事The y

42、ap p lied t o re t urn t o China.3）合用Sc h ool reg u la t ions a pply to e v er y student.校规合用于每位学生。T h is rule can not app 1 y to every case.这条规则并不是在每种情况下都能合用 的。appl y ones e 1 f/sth t o s th使致力（于），使专心从事H e a p p 1 ied himsel f to 1 earn in g French. 他致力于学习法语。专心于，致力于：Bury on e s e If i nA b s orb on

43、e s elf i nI n v o Ive on e self i nlos e o n eself inc ommit o n e s e If tod ev o te onese 1 f t ok eep ones mind o n11. Th e re is no doubt t hat John s qu i ck thinki n g and the f irst aid sk i 1Is he le a r ned a t school saved Ms S 1 ad e z s 1 i fe.毫无疑问，是约翰灵敏的思维和在学校学到的急救技术，使得斯莱德女士的生命得救了。【拓展】

44、） T he r e *s no dou b t t hat.是固定句式,意为:“毫无疑问1 ) T h e re，s no do u bt后接名词时，需用介词a b out或o f。如:There s n o do u bt ab o u t/of hi s h o n e s ty.毫无疑问他是诚实的。3)肯定句中可用whe t he r , i f, that引起宾语从句，否认句中只能用that。如：He doub t ed w h et h er they wou 1 d b e able to help.他拿不准他们是否能帮上忙。Th e re is s o me dou b t w

45、 h ethe r J ohn will com e ,约翰是否会来很难说。There is n o do u b t that the plan will succeed.毫无疑问，这计划一定会实现。T h ere is no n ee d是没必要的Ther e is no p oint i n 是没故意义的The r e is no deny i n g th a t.不可否认的Ther e i s no s a y in g很难说，没法知道1 2 m a k e a d i f fer e n c e有关系，有影响，起(重要作用)makea(no, so me, no, a ny, li

46、t t 1 e, m u ch) d iffe r en c e (to s b /s t h)1 . = ha v e an (no, some)e f f e ct (o n sb/sth)对某人/某事物有、没有、有些作用或影响l)The r a in d idn make much d i f f e rence (to the gam e ).这场雨对比赛没多大影响2)Th e sea a ir h a s m a de a di f ferenc e t o h e r healt h改善了 她的健康状况2,=be im p o r t a nt (un i mport a nt)

47、( t o sb / sth)对某人(某事物)重要，不重要等;要紧，不要紧等1)对我来说，你来不来都无所谓I t ma k es n o d ifferenc e to me wh e t h er yo u c o me o r not.2)你的选择事关重大。Your c h oi c e makes a diffe r e n ce.1. The r a in made a great differ e n ce t o this f o otb a 11 match.这场雨对这场足球比赛有很大的影响。2. I t m a kes n o di f f e r e nee to me wh e re y o u com e from.你从什么地方来对我来说没有什么关系。Exerc i s e s:f 1ower s wereb ou ght yes t er d ay .flower s b oughtyes terdaywas1arge.A A numberofBThe n umb er of.Hav ingagood teach e r has for th e na ugh tyA le x.A ma d e a point B ma d e a d ifferenceC made