Unit3Timeschange-选择性必修第二册单元测试Word版含解析.docx

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1、Unit3 Times change考试时间：90分钟满分：120分第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AThere arc many scholarships rewarding particular talents, so just find the right one that works for you.Spirit of Giving ScholarshipDeadline: July 31,2021Award Amount: $ 1.000Overview: It

2、 is available to high school seniors and current college students. You must submit an essay of between 500 and 750 words on one of the following three topics: How have you advanced the spirit of giving? How has the spirit of giving affected you personally? How will your present education allow you t

3、o be of service to others?Ocean Awareness ContestDeadline: June 15, 2021Award Amount: Up to $ 1,500Overview: It is open to students between the ages of 11 and 18. Students are invited to learn about the climate crisis and its impact on oceans, discover solutions and create work that explores hope in

4、 action.Submissions arc accepted in visual art, film, music, or poetry.Atlas Shrugged Essay ContestDeadline: September 19, 2021Award Amount: $25,000Overview: Essay contest on Ayn Rands novel, Atlas Shrugged. There are 59 prizes, and first prize is $25,000! To enter, submit an 800 to 1,600word essay

5、on one of the specific topics about the novel, which can be viewed on the scholarship providers website.Coca-Cola Scholars Program ScholarshipDeadline: October 31,2021Award Amount: $20.000Overview: It is a scholarship awarded to graduating high school seniors, who are recognized for their capacity t

6、o lead and serve, as well as their commitment to making a significant impact on their schools and coniniunities. Applicants must be expecting completion of a high school diploma at the time of application and planning to pursue a degree at a postsecondary institution.I .What is required （o win Spiri

7、t of Giving Scholarship?A. Students aged from 11 to 18.B. The capacity to lead and serve.C. Submitting an essay.D. Applying for it before October 31, 2021.稍大的孩子比父母不吸烟的孩子更容易得支气管炎和肺炎。综合以上内容，文章中没提到high blood pressure,所以D项符合题意。2 .细节理解题。根据第四段第一句Children and infants are especially attacked by the poisons

8、in secondhand smoke.”可知，儿童和婴儿特别容易受到二手烟中有毒物质的伤害，故选D项。3 .细节理解题。根据最后一段的内容可知，为了保护你自己和家人免受二手烟中危险化学物质伤害， 唯一方法是创造百分之百的无烟环境。由此可知B项符合语境。4 .主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章.主要讲述二手烟给人带来的危害，故本文的最佳标题应是C项“二 手烟:真正的危险”。第二节答案：AGEFC解析：本文是一篇说明文，主题语境为人与自我。文章主要介绍了改掉不良习惯的几 种方法。由下文“Make a note every time you engage in your habit. Write do

9、wn the time and where you are, as well as how youre feeling.可知是写日记;从Step 2部分的第一句中in your journal也可推断出，故选 A项。根据空前“If you notice a pattern of your habit”可推测，如果你发现了习惯的模式，那么就开始思考改 变这种模式，故G项符合题意。本段主要介绍用好的习惯替代不良的习惯，每次你用新的行为代替以前的不良习惯，你就离改掉不 良习惯近了一步，所以E项正确。根据空前If you cant get through a whole day at first可推测

10、，如果开始你不能熬过一整天，那就把每 天的时间分成小段。whole day与F项中的smaller segments of time相对应，故选F项。本段主要讲坚持，不放弃。由 So if you mess up one day, dont give up! Eventually youll have more successes than failures.可推测，如果某一天你搞砸了，别放弃。第二天再试一次就好了。最 终获得的成功总会多于失败。故选C项。第二部分语言知识运用第一 T答案：1-5.ADBCD; 6-10.ABDCD; 11-15.BCADB 1.由上文中的“a cartoon

11、plays on a small TV” 可知，此处指的是Ponzo理发时看电视。5 .由空前的out of the corner of his eye再结合常识可知,Ponzo这样做是为了坐姿端正，不歪头,便于理 发师工作。6 .由语境可知looking over books与wail their【urn”是同时发生的事情，故用while。7 .由空前的barber以及空后的principal可知，此处应用doubles。double as的意思是兼任，兼作”。8 .此处表示Terance Newton把Warner Elementary School的个空房间变成了他的私人理发店，故选 D

12、o.校长给学生理发类似于给他们一个款待，因此用treats,意为“招待，款待”。9 结合校长的身份可知，他不仅关心学生们的教育而且想让学生们对他们自己感到满意，故选B。10 联系上文校长给学生剪发可知，此处应用sees,指别人如何看待他们。11 由下文中的“who is a barber”可知，这些理发设备是由校长的一位理发师朋友捐的，故选C。12 .理发是一门技术，他把他的理发技术在当校长的笫一年带到这所学校，故选Do下文中的“both skills and care也是提示。13 .由上文中的Culling hair requires both skills and care可知，此处应用

13、 carefully 与之对应。14 .结合常识可知，发际线的位置得当时,发型才会看起来好看，故用right。15 .根据语境可知，校长是利用课外时间为学生理发的,所以用outside。16 .根据语境可知,此处表示理发时的交谈是他和他的学生们放松、彼此更好地了解以及思考未来的 机会。故选D。17 .参见上题解析。故选B。第二节答案：in; what; than; was needed; to change ; had discovered; seasons; making; the; meant 解析： 本文是 一篇说明文，主题语境是人与社会,主题语境内容是社会进步。文章介绍了从人类逐渐减少

14、依靠狩猎 生活，逐步发展起农业，到使用新型机械和人工肥料的现代农业的过程。本文旨在增加人们对人类文 明和社会进步的了解。考查介词。句意:公元前10,000年以后的一段时间，人类首次尝试通过农业来控制他们生活的世界。根据文章中句子的结构可知,they lived 为限制性定语从句，先行词为worldo将先行词代入定语从句后，应为they lived in the world,故填in。考查宾语从句。经过了几千年，他们开始较少地依靠狩猎或是野外采集食物。根据句子结构可知 设空处引导介词后的宾语从句，且设空处在从句中作主语，表示“什么”,故填what。考查介词。句意:每个人在耕种时比在狩猎和采集中生

15、产更多的食物，所以人们可以养更多的孩 子。题干中的“more”有比较含义，故填than。考查时态和语态。句意:随着更多的孩子出生,（人们）需要更多的食物。主语与谓语之间是被动关 系,并且讲述的是过去的事情，故填was neededo考查非谓语动词。句意:农业让人们第一次体验到了改变生活的科技的力量。此处不定式作定语， 修饰power,根据the power to do slh.可知此处填不定式。故填to changeo考查时态。句意:到了大约公元前6000年，人们就已经发现了最好的去种植的作物和养殖的动物。根据By about 6000 BC 知应用过去完成时，故填had discovered

16、o考查名词复数。后来他们学着随着季节的变更劳作。根据句意，一年有四季，可知此处该填名词复 数。故填seasons。考查非谓语动词。句意:后来，他们学着随着季节的变更劳作，在合适的时间种植，在干旱的地区，充 分利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。句中已经有了谓语动词learned,make和句子的主语they是主动关系, 故填 makingo考查冠词。句意:然后随着科学的发展，变化产生了。设空处特指科学的发展，故填the。考查时态。句意:新的方法意味着更少的人从事农业。设空处讲述的是过去的事情，故填meant。 第三部分写作第一节答案：Dear Smith,Im Li Hua. Knowing that

17、you want to learn something more about mobile payment in China, I am writing to give you a brief introduction about it.On the one hand, mobile payment makes it possible fbr us to take with us only a mobile phone rather than much cash, which saves us much time and trouble. On the other hand, we must

18、strictly keep our private information secret in case of any possible identity theft. In a word, mobile payment is used in nearly everything and has really changed our life.Kind regards.Yours sincerely, Li Hua第二节答案：Paragraph 1:Jatin looked up and he saw the other boys rushing Refusing to give up at (

19、his crucial point, Jatin clenched his teeth, jumped to his feet and ran as fast as he could. Finally, he was the fourth one to dash across Ihe finish line. Jatin couldnt help sobbing at the thought of letting his sister down. But much lo his surprise, the runner who collided with him was disqualifie

20、d fbr breaking the rule and Jatin won the third prize. Jatin felt oveijoyed and relieved during the award ceremony, holding the shoes close to his chest.Paragraph 2:Filled with pleasure, Jatin walked home in no time. He could not wait to see his sister and share (he good news. On his arrival, Jatin

21、found Neha was walking about outside nervously and anxiously. Neha, see what I have got for you, Jatin said excitedly, taking the prize out of his bag with his trembling hands.The instant Neha saw the shoes, her face lit up. So thrilled was she that she threw herself at Jatin. *Thank you. Jatin! Tea

22、rs of joy welled up in their eyes as the brother and the sister hugged tightly together.2 .Which scholarship is suitable for Jackson who likes reading and writing?A. Spirit of Giving Scholarship.B. Ocean Awareness Contest.C. Adas Shrugged Essay Contest.D. CocaCola Scholars Program Scholarship.3 .Who

23、 are CocaCola Scholars Program Scholarship designed for?A. Those studying in college.B. Those to graduate from high school.C. Those with a high school diploma.D. Those in postsecondary institutions.BTwo little girls who are lovely in Britain are bringing thousands of people together to sign a petiti

24、on (请愿 书)demanding (hat Burger King and McDonalds stop giving away free plastic toys.With the help of their mother, nine-year-old Ella and seven-year-old Caitlin started an online petition in order to persuade the fast food giants (巨头)lo do away with ihe wasteful toys (hat come with Happy Meals and

25、Junior Meals.Since starting the petition, the youngsters have got over 350.000 signatures of their 500,000 goals, and the call to action has already received further support from adults and children.Weve been learning all about the environment at school and the problem of plastic. It made us very sa

26、d to see how plastic harms wildlife and pollutes the ocean, and we want to change this, reads the petition. Thats why we want Burger King and McDonalds to think of the environment and stop giving away plastic toys with (heir kids meals.Wc like to go to eat at Burger King and McDonalds, but children

27、only play with the plastic toys for a few minutes before (hey get thrown away and harm animals and pollute the sea. We want anything they give us to be environmentally friendly so wc can protect the planet for ourselves and for future generations/ they continued.In addition to the girls making a con

28、vincing argument, the amount of signatures on the petition almost doubled after reporters with the BBCs War on Plastic followed the young activists to the McDonalds headquarters in order to present the petition.Since the little girls* story started being picked up by international news outlets, Burg

29、er King and McDonalds have emailed statements to CNBC detailing their plans for making their free toys more environmentally friendly.1 . How did the two girls begin their petition?A.By the BBC.B.By CNBC.C.By (he Internet.D.By newsp叩ers.2 .Why arc the two little girls gathering many people together?A

30、. To gain peoples attention.B. To get over 350.000 signatures.C. To eat at Burger King and McDonalds.D. To stop two giants giving free plastic toys.3.What do Burger King and McDonalds plan to do after the petition?A. To email statements to the BBC.B. To make a convincing argument.C. To sell more env

31、ironmentally friendly toys.D. To give away more environmentally friendly toys.4.Which of (he following best describes the two little girls1 story?A. Its about product promotion.B. Its about company introduction.C. Its about commercial advertising.D. Its about environmental protection.CAs life in cit

32、ies worldwide becomes more expensive, urban designers are using modern technology to help citizens avoid traffic jams, and shorten the time needed fbr bus waiting and other things. Technology is also used to cut cosily waste.In Santander, a Spanish port city, parking is easy to find. As one car driv

33、es away, an underground sensor shows that a parking space is now free. 400 sensors send messages (o signs on streets, and GPS devices direct drivers to the nearest available parking spaces, reducing traffic jams. Trash is collected only when the bins are full and bus stop signs show exactly when the

34、 next bus is coming. The public parks are watered only when the soil gets dry. All this is made possible by 20,000 sensors installed on buildings, street posts and even buses. They are part of the smart city project, launched by the University of Cantabria seven years ago.University researchers like

35、 Luis Munoz regularly meet with locals to discuss how to make their city even smarter. They propose their ideas and sometimes even develop them by (hemselves. Here, we give them the opportunity to see these ideas happen in real life, said Munoz. For example, (he university helped a woman create an a

36、pp that outlines the easiest route for walking with a baby stroller. Another provides information to residents about their water consumption and sends an alarm to their phone if there is a leak.The Santander smart project is attracting the attention of larger cities in Europe and elsewhere that are

37、looking for smart solutions to urban problems.1 .What is the life like in Santander?A.1( is meaningful.B.It is full of freedom.C.It is likely (o change fast.D.It is efficient and convenient.2 .How can residents help Munozrs job?A.By offering some original or fresh ideas.B.By showing him around ihe c

38、ity.C.By installing sensors themselves. D.By using as little water as possible.3 .What docs the underlined word Another in Paragraph 3 refer to? A.A university.B.A phone.C.An app.D.An easy route.4 .What can be the best tide fbr the text?A.A Worldwide ProblemB.A Smart City ProjectC.A Creative Researc

39、herD.A Trend in Urban DesignDIt is well known that smoking is harmful to health. It is unfortunate that despite some individuals who choose not to smoke, they remain to be victims of various diseases caused by cigarette smoking.Cigarette smoke contains thousands of dangerous chemicals that are unhea

40、lthy for both smokers and non-smokers. Secondhand smoke refers to the smoke from the burning end of a cigarette and the smoke breathed by smokers. More than 126 million Americans are regularly exposed to secondhand smoke at home, at work, and in enclosed public spaces.The Deadly EffectsSecondhand sm

41、oke can cause heart disease and lung cancer in non-smoking adults. Breathing secondhand smoke for even a short time increases risk for those diseases.Children and infants arc especially attacked by the poisons in secondhand smoke. Almost 3 million children in the United States under (he age of six b

42、reathe secondhand smoke at home at least four days per week.Secondhand smoke is a known cause of the sudden infant death syndrome, breathing problems, ear infections, and asthma attacks in infants and children.Secondhand smoke in the home environment can slow the lung growth of exposed children. Old

43、er children whose parents smoke get bronchitis and pneumonia more often than the children of non-smokers.Wheezing(7 (喘)and coughing are also more common in children who breathe secondhand smoke.Protecting Yourself and OthersThe only way to fully protect yourself and loved ones from the dangerous che

44、micals in secondhand smoke is through 10() percent smoke-frcc environments. Opening a window; sitting in a separate area; or using ventilation (通风),air conditioning, or a fan cannot get rid of secondhand smoke exposure. If you arc a smoker, the single best way to protect your family is to quit smoki

45、ng.1 . According to the passage, which of (he following is NOT (he possible result of smoking?A.Heart disease.B.Pncumonia.C.Lung canccr.D.High blood pressure.2 .Which of (he following are more vulnerable to secondhand smoke?A.Adul(s.B.The elderly.C.Cancer patients.D.Childrcn and infants.3 .As a smok

46、er, what should you do to protect your family from the harm of secondhand smoke?A.Use an air conditioncr.B.Try to avoid smoking.C.Stay in a separate room.D.Open the windows for ventilation every day.4.Whats the best title for the passage?A.Smoking is harmful to healthB.Anti-smoking campaign is launc

47、hedC.Secondhand smoke: the real dangerD.Create a smoke-free environment第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Break Your Bad HabitsNowadays in real life, many people have all kinds of bad habits, but getting rid of them takes a bit more effort. Whether theyre traditional(l

48、ikc biting your nails, snacking on junk food, gossiping, or twirling your hair) or more hi-tech (like texting), bad habits all have one thing in common: Theyre hard to break. You can do it, though.So if youre ready, gather your willpower, follow these steps, and wave goodbye to that bad habit forever!Step 1 Make a note every time you engage in your habit. Write down the time and where you are, as well as how youre feeling. Are you bored, angry, or sad? The more you understand the reason behind your habit, the more control youll hav