人们身边的网络安全隐患等2则外刊阅读训练--2023届高三英语二轮复习.docx

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1、外刊精读精练人们身边的网络安全隐患导读：近来，网络安全对于个人和企业来说都是一个不可忽视的问题。每个 建立了网络连接的用户都面临着一个真实存在的危险一被黑客攻击，比 如受到数字病毒的感染或某种形式的数据盗窃。然而说来也怪，在大多数 情况下，威胁网络安全的始作俑者并不是计算机本身，而是使用互联网的 用户，因为人们总在犯一些看似微不足道，却常常很关键的错误。本集外 刊精读介绍三个引起人们加强网络安全意识的相关小贴士。一、语篇泛读Vocabulary: cyber security and technology 词汇：网络安全和科技Its a dangerous world out there in

2、 cyberspace. Hackers, viruses, and malware, among others, all exist and are very real threats. A 2017 UK govern merit cyber-security breaches survey showed that in the preceding 12 months, just under half of the companies asked had identified an attack or breach. That could have been disastrous.The

3、problem is not the computers, firewalls or encryption - its us. People are bad at following good cyber-security protocol - such as using an effective password. Were also pretty dumb when it comes to clicking on links and downloading content we shouldnt, Ian Pratt, co-founder of cyber-security firm B

4、romium told the BBC. With that in mind, here are three tips to keep you cyber-safe.Passwords are a weakness. The ideal password should be at least eight characters long, and contain upper and lower case letters, symbols and numbers. And dont use a common word such as password. This makes you vulnera

5、ble to a scrape attack. This is where hackers take the most common passwords and try them on millions of accounts/ Thomas Pedersen from OneLogin, an identity and access management company, told the BBC.请在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填 入句子的空格处。1. Not being married and having a child no longer carries a

6、 stigma in certain societies today.2. Since Phil lost his job, hes been figuring out how to pay for the new car hed just bought.3. We all had to work intensely to complete our assignments on time.4. My mum had a feeling of despair when she lost her purse and her keys to the house.5. The museum has g

7、ot so busy we now have to regulate the number of people visiting at certain times.Keepyourequipment up-to-date by installingthelatestsecurity updates for your computer - obviously. Less obvious perhaps, is doing so for other technology also connected to the internet - such as your router. A recent s

8、tudy carried out by the American Consumer Institute Centre for Citizen Research found that five out of six routers are inadequately updated for known security flaws. These require software updates, too. And dont forget your other smart devices, such as your smart TV!Finally, consider enabling multi-

9、factor authentication for your accounts. Thats where a mobile phone or dongle is used to verify access to a device. If your password becomes compromised, no access can be obtained without your second authentication device. so dont lose your phone! In the future, biometrics such as voice and fingerpr

10、int may make this easier.The internet is wonderful, but security threats do exist. Fortunately, with a little common sense and forethought, you can be secure from the majority of cyber-security threats.二、词汇表cyberspace网络空间hacker黑客virus计算机病毒malware恶意软件cyber-security网络安全的（其名词搭配为cybersecurity）breach破坏、违

11、规firewall防火墙encryption数据加密protocol协议、协定character字符（如数字、字母、标点等）vulnerable易受攻击的scrape attack撒网式密码盗窃up-to-date 最新的update更新，升级router路由器flaw漏洞multi-factor authentication 多重身份认证dongle软件保护器compromised被攻破的biometrics生物特征识别技术（其形容词为biometric生物特征测定的）densely p三、测试与练习阅读课文并回答问题。1. True or False: There ore things w

12、e can do to better maintain our cyber security.2. Apart from using bad passwords, what are people also susceptible to?3. Which devices can people overlook when updating security software?4. What is the advantage of multi-factor authentication?5. Which word used in the article means not done to a goo

13、d enough standard?请在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填 入句子的空格处。1. In the event of a fire, please follow safetyand evacuatequickly but safely.breaches updatesdonglesdonglesprotocols2. The unknown man managed tostage security and attack thepop star mid-concert.breach scrape hack flaw3. The majority of email

14、s these days are secured with end-to-endmalwarefirewallsencryptionpasswords4. Soon, all transactions could be. Youll be able to pay for yourshopping with your face!compromisedbiometricvulnerableup-to-date5. I think theres a smallin your plan. We dont have any moneyto go to the cinema!flawattackvirus

15、 character【参考答案】阅读课文并回答问题。1. True or False: There are things we can do to better maintain our cyber security.True. This article offers three simple ideas, but there are many more.2. Apart from using bad passwords, what are people also susceptible to? People are susceptible to clicking links and down

16、loading content that they shouldnt.3. Which devices can people overlook when updating security software? They forget to update other devices that are connected to the internet.such as routers and smart TVs.4. What is the advantage of multi-factor authentication?If your password ever becomes compromi

17、sed, no access can be obtained without your second authentication device.5. Which word used in the article means not done to a good enough standard? Inadequately (Five out of six routers are inadequately updated for known security flaws.)请在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填 入句子的空格处。1. In the event of a fi

18、re, please follow safety protocols and evacuate quickly but safely.2. The unknown man managed to breach stage security and attack the pop star mid-concert.3. The majority of emails these days are secured with end-to-end encryption.4. Soon, all transactions could be biometric. Youll be able to pay fo

19、r your shopping with your face.5. I think theres a small flaw in your plan. We dont have any money to go to the cinema!孤独的年青人导读：我们生活在一个过度拥挤的地球上，人口迅速增长，总数接近8 0亿人。 尽管如此，许多人还是感到孤独或生活处境孤立。英国广播公司展开了一 项有关孤独的调查，参与这项调查的5.5万人来自世界各地近240个国家。 本集外刊精读分析这项“孤独调查的结果。一、语篇泛读Vocabulary: loneliness 词汇：孤独How lonely are y

20、ou? Sometimes living alone or being in a remote location with nobodyaroundtotalkto cangive youthe feelingof despair and isolation. Itsnot a greatfeeling.Theres acommon stereotype that its something that affects older people more, but research has found that loneliness is something that can affect us

21、 all, whatever our age.Theres a familiar phrase that says its possible to be lonely in a crowd - despite being surrounded by hundreds of people, you think you have nobody to talk to or to connect with and that nobody wants to listen to you anyway. Its probably not true, but loneliness is seen as a b

22、ig problem for the mental health of the population wherever they live - so much so that the British government even has a minister for loneliness.The BBC recently completed a survey about the topic and it found that people aged between 16 and 24 experience loneliness more often and more intensely th

23、an any other age group. Researchers from the University of Manchester who analyzed the data, suggested feeling lonely may plague the young because its a time of identity change - figuring out your place in the world and of learning to regulate emotions.Psychology lecturer and BBC presenter Claudia H

24、ammond says that its tempting to conclude that something about modern life is putting young people at a higher risk of loneliness, but when we asked older people in our survey about the loneliest times in their lives, they also said it was when they were young.The issue is certainly being talked abo

25、ut more. And in the UKz the Minister for Loneliness Tracey Crouch has said that the government now recognizes loneliness as one of the biggest health challenges we face. She also said there needs to be a national conversation to end the stigma about admitting to feeling lonely.The BBC Loneliness Exp

26、eriment also found the type of culture you live in has implications for loneliness. People from cultures which tend to put a high value on independence, such as Northern Europe and the US, revealed they would be less likely to tell a colleague about their loneliness. But in cultures where extended f

27、amily is often emphasized, such as in Southern Europe, Latin America, Asia and Africa, older women in particular were at lower risk of feeling lonely.二、词汇表despair 绝望isolation孤独,隔绝stereotype 成见lonely in a crowd即使在热闹处,仍感孤独connect建立联系mental health精神健康状态experience感受到，体会到intensely强烈地plague折磨，使苦恼figure ou

28、t找到regulate emotions控制、调节情绪modern life现代生活health challenge 健康隐患stigma耻辱implication可能的影响independence 独立extended family 大家庭三、测试与练习阅读课文并回答问题。1. According to the survey, which age range was most affected by loneliness?2. True or false? There is more chance of feeling lonely if you live in a remote locat

29、ion.3. What is thought to lead to loneliness among some young people?4. Why might older women in Asia be at a lower risk of feeling lonely?5. Which word used in the article means possible effects or results?请在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填 入句子的空格处。in1. Not being married and having a child no longer ca

30、rries a certain societies today.stigmaplaguestereotypestereotypeculture2. Since Phil lost his job, hes been2. Since Phil lost his job, hes beenhow to pay for the new carhed just bought.figured outfigure outfiguring outfiguring outfiguring up3. We all had3. We all hadto workto complete our assignment

31、s on time.intenselyindependencestereotypeisolation4. My mum had a feeling of4. My mum had a feeling ofwhen she lost her purse and herkeys to the house.despairingdesperatedesperation despair5. The museum has got so busy we now have tothe number ofpeople visiting at certain times.plagueisolateregulate

32、figure out【参考答案】阅读课文并回答问题。1. According to the survey, which age range was most affected by loneliness?The BBC survey found people aged between 16 and 24 experience loneliness more often and more intensely than any other age group.2. True or false? There is more chance of feeling lonely if you live i

33、n a remote location.False. It doesnt matter where you live - you can still feel lonely in a crowd.3. What is thought to lead to loneliness among some young people?Researchers from the University of Manchester suggested feeling lonely may affect the young because its a time of identity change - figur

34、ing out their place in the world and of learning to regulate emotions.4. Why might older women in Asia be at a lower risk of feeling lonely?Research found having an extended family meant they were less likely to get lonely.5. Which word used in the article means possible effects or results?Implications. The BBC Loneliness Experiment interestingly, also found the type of culture you live in has implications for loneliness.