人教版选择性必修第三册Unit 3 Environmental Protection Learning about Language课时练习（原卷版附解析）.docx

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1、Unit 3 Environmental Protection Learning about Language 课时练习 （原卷版） 一、根据中文意思完成句子。1. Without the （改革）of the economic management system our industry will rot.2. If you do this, youll almost always meet your （年度的）goal.3. The submarine that our country has put into use is driven by （核能的） power.4. Every t

2、ime I mention her, you become very （敏感的）.5. During the war we had just enough food to （维持）us.6. After the failure of the electricity supply the city was in （1昆舌L）.7. He （提交）his proposal for urban development to the city council at the conference.8. In the meeting he spoke all the members of the comp

3、any.（代表） 9. He always takes the lead the governments call.（对.的回应） 10. The only way they can political change is to put pressure on the country.（带来） 二、阅读理解。California has lost half its big trees since the 1930s, according to a study to be published Tuesday and climate change seems to be a major facto

4、r（因素）.The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on more than 46, 000 square miles of California forests, the new study finds. No area was spared or unaffected, from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the San Gabriels above Los Angeles. In the

5、Sierra high country, the number of big trees has fallen by more than 55 percent; in parts of southern California the decline was nearly 75 percent.Many factors contributed to the decline, said Patrick McIntyre, an ecologist who was the lead author of the study. Woodcutters targeted big trees. Housin

6、g development pushed into the woods. Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources（资源）.But in comparing a study of California forests done in the 1920s and 1930s with 的for help but was told that nothing would grow there.去寻求

7、帮助但是被告知在这 里不能种植东西。”可知他应该是去寻求和种植有关的部门，故选C。10 .【答案】B【解析】A.rebuilt重建；B.discovered发现；C.left离开；D.managed管理。根据 本句的Molai went looking on his own. Molai 自己去寻找。和where he began to plant trees.他开始在那里种树。”可知被告知此处无法种树后开始自己寻找地方 种树，所以他发现了一个地方然后在那个地方自己植树造林，故选B。11 .【答案】C【解析】A.Decorating 装饰；B.Observing 观察；C.Watering 浇

8、水；D.Guarding 守 卫。根据in the dry season在干旱的季节以及前文where he began to plant trees.他开始在那里种树。”可知他在干旱的季节时需要给树的幼苗浇水，故选C。 12.【答案】A【解析】A.tough强硬的、困难的；B.illegal不合法的；C.fantastic奇妙的； D.beneficial有益的。根据for a lone boy.对于一个孤单的男孩来说，可知对于 一个男孩来说在干旱的季节给每天都给树的幼苗浇水是很困难的，故选Ao.【答案】B【解析】A.back背部；B.top顶部；C.foot脚部；D.side一旁。根据下文

9、的platform （平台）以及where he placed earthen pots with small holes to collect rainwater. The water would then drip （滴落）on the plants below.他在那里放 了一个带小洞的陶罐来收集雨水，然后水就会滴落在下面的植物上。”可知这个 平台应该是放在了植物的顶部，然后收集的雨水才能滴落在植物上面，故选B。13 .【答案】D【解析】A.cool down 冷却；B.keepoff 远离；C.purify 净化；D.collecto 收集; 根据The water would the

10、n drip （滴落）on the plants below.然后水就会滴落在 下面的植物上。”可知雨水应该是被这个平台收集起来然后逐渐的滴落到植物上, 故选D。14 .【答案】D【解析】A.returned 返回；B.learned 学习；C.failed 失败;D.continued 继续。根 据最后一句His efforts have resulted in 1, 360 acres of naturally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals.他的努力已使1360英亩的自然生长的 土地成为许多动植物的家园

11、。”可知Molai 一直坚持种树，最后使得这片土地成 为许多动植物的家园，故选D。五、语法填空。Global warming is having a great effect on hundreds of species around the world. No one knows(1)(exact) what will happen in the future (2) global warming continues. As the Earth becomes (3) (warm), weather will become more unpredictable. Increased temp

12、eratures will cause the polar ice to melt, raising sea level and (4) (result) in more floods. The sea level (5) (rise) six to eight inches in the past 100 years. Hurricanes will be more (6) (power) and animals (7) require colder climates will be forced to move to other areas or will become (8)(endan

13、ger). So far, efforts (9) (cut) emissions of greenhouse gases have been made and there are many things we can do. For example, use less energy (10) turning off lights, TVs, computers and other appliances when they are not used.1 .【答案】exactly【解析】考查副词.know是动词，要用副词修饰.2 .【答案if/when【解析】考查连词.根据句意：如果全球变暖继续

14、.用连词if/when引导条件状 语从句.3 .【答案】warmer【解析】考查形容词比较级.根据下文weather will become more unpredictable可 知，上文应是：随着地球变得更加暖和.用形容词比较级.4 .【答案】resulting【解析】考查现在分词. and是并列连词，它前后连接两个相同的语法成分,raising sea level和resulting in more floods都是现在分词作状语.5 .【答案】has risen【解析】考查动词时态.根据句中状语in the past 100 years要用现在完成时态， 且主语The sea leve

15、l是单数，助动词用has.6 .【答案】powerful【解析】考查形容词.be动词后接形容词作表语.7 .【答案】that/which【解析】考查定语从句.分析句子结构可知这是一个定语从句，先行词animals 在从句中作主语，用关系代词that/which.8 .【答案】endangered【解析】考考查过去分词.根据句意：动物快要绝种了. endangered意为快要 绝种的”.9 .【答案】to cut考查动词不定式【解析】此处动词不定式短语to cut emissions of greenhouse gases作后置定语修 饰 efforts.10 .【答案】by【解析】考查介词.b

16、y意为”（表示获得的方法）凭借，用，通过二another one between 2001 and 2010, McIntyre and his colleagues documented a widespread death of big trees that was evident even in wildlands protected from woodcutting or development.The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shortage

17、. The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that calculated how much water trees were getting in comparison with how much they needed, taking into account such things as rainfall, air temperature, dampness of soil, and the timing of snowmelt（融雪）.Since the 1930s, McIntyre said, t

18、he biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures, which cause trees to lose more water to the air, and earlier snowmelt, which reduces the water supply available to trees during the dry season.1. What is the second paragraph mainly about?A. The seriousness of big

19、-tree loss in California.B. The increasing variety of California big trees.C. The distribution of big trees in California forests.D. The influence of farming on big trees in California.2. Which of the following is well-intentioned but may be bad for big trees?A. Ecological studies of forests.B. Bann

20、ing woodcutting.C. Limiting housing development.D. Fire control measures.3. What is a major cause of the water shortage according to McIntyre?A. Inadequate snowmelt.B. A longer dry season.C. A warmer climate.D. Dampness of the air.4. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Californias Forests:

21、Where Have All the Big Trees Gone?B. Cutting of Big Trees to Be Prohibited in California SoonWhy Are the Big Trees Important to California Forests?C. Patrick McIntyre: Grow More Big Trees in California.三、完形填空。Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became h

22、is second j_. He learned the value and beauty of 2 there from a very young age.When he was 16, Molai began to notice something 3 happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the 4 it caused had driven away a number of birds. 5 , the number of snakes had declined as well.

23、 He 6 that it was because there werent enough trees to protect them from the 7 . The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek 8 during the daytime. He turned to the 9 department for help but was told that nothing would grow there. However, Molai went looking on his own and 1

24、0 a nearby island where he began to plant trees.11 young plants in the dry season was j_2 for a lone boy. Molai built at the 13 of each sapling（幼树）a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to 14 rainwater. The water would then drip（滴落）on the plants below.Molai 15 to plant tree

25、s for the next 37 years, His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals.1. A. dream B. job C. home D. choiceA. nature B. youth C. culture D. knowledge2. A. precious B. interesting C. disturbing D. awkwardA. waste B. tension C. pain D.

26、 damage3. A. Besides B. However C. Therefore D. OtherwiseA. agreed B. realized C. remembered D. predicted4. A. noise B. heat C. disease D. dustA. directions B. partners C. help D. shelter5. A. labor B. police C. forest D. financeA. rebuilt B. discovered C. left D. managed6. A. Decorating B. Observin

27、g C. Watering D. GuardingA. tough B. illegal C. fantastic D. beneficial7. A. back B. top C. foot D. sideA. cool down B. keep off C. purify D. collect8. A. returned B. learned C. failed D. continued 四、语法填空。Global warming is having a great effect on hundreds of species around the world. No one knows(1

28、)(exact) what will happen in the future (2) global warming continues. As the Earth becomes (3) (warm), weather will become more unpredictable. Increased temperatures will cause the polar ice to melt, raising sea level and (4) (result) in more floods. The sea level (5) (rise) six to eight inches in t

29、he past 100 years. Hurricanes will be more (6) (power) and animals (7) require colder climates will be forced to move to other areas or will become (8)(endanger). So far, efforts (9) (cut) emissions of greenhouse gases have been made and there are many things we can do. For example, use less energy

30、(10) turning off lights, TVs, computers and other appliances when they are not used.Unit 3 Environmental Protection Learning about Language 课时练习 (解析版) 二、根据中文意思完成句子。11. Without the refomi (改革)of the economic management system our industry will【解析】the与of之间为名词。12. If you do this, youll almost always me

31、et your annual (年度的)goal.【解析】goal为名词，形容词修饰名词。13. The submarine that our country has put into use is driven by nuclear (核能的) power.【解析】nuclear power核能。14. Every time I mention her, you become very sensitive (敏感的).【解析】become为系动词，后面需要接形容词。15. During the war we had just enough food to sustain （维持）us. 【解

32、析】t。为不定式表示目的。16. After the failure of the electricity supply the city was in chaos （1昆舌L）. 【解析】in chaos处于混乱的状态。17. He submitted （提交）his proposal for urban development to the city council at the conference.18. In the meeting he spoke on behalf of all the members of the company.（代表） 【解析】In the meeting

33、 he spoke为完整的句子，on behalf of后接状语作为补充说 明。19. He always takes the lead in response to the governments call.（对.的 回应） 【解析】He always takes the lead为完整的句子，in response to后接状语作为补充 说明。20. The only way they can bring about political change is to put pressure on the country.（带来）【解析】句中“they can bring about poli

34、tical change”为定语从句,先行词为way。 二、阅读理解。California has lost half its big trees since the 1930s, according to a study to be published Tuesday and climate change seems to be a major factor（因素）.The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on more than 46, 000 square miles of Ca

35、lifornia forests, the new study finds. No area was spared or unaffected, from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the San Gabriels above Los Angeles. In the Sierra high country, the number of big trees has fallen by more than 55 percent; in parts of southern California the dec

36、line was nearly 75 percent.Many factors contributed to the decline, said Patrick McIntyre, an ecologist who was the lead author of the study. Woodcutters targeted big trees. Housing development pushed into the woods. Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowded with small trees th

37、at compete with big trees for resources（资源）.But in comparing a study of California forests done in the 1920s and 1930s with another one between 2001 and 2010, McIntyre and his colleagues documented a widespread death of big trees that was evident even in wildlands protected from woodcutting or devel

38、opment.The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shortage. The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that calculated how much water trees were getting in comparison with how much they needed, taking into account such things as rainfa

39、ll, air temperature, dampness of soil, and the timing of snowmelt（融雪）.Since the 1930s, McIntyre said, the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures, which cause trees to lose more water to the air, and earlier snowmelt, which reduces the water supply availabl

40、e to trees during the dry season.1. What is the second paragraph mainly about?A. The seriousness of big-tree loss in California.B. The increasing variety of California big trees.C. The distribution of big trees in California forests.D. The influence of farming on big trees in California.【答案】A【解析】段落主

41、旨题。根据文章第二段第三句The number of trees. declined by 50 percent.more than 55 percent.75 percent等数字可知，该段主要讲述了加州森林 中大树急剧减少的严重性，故选A项。2. Which of the following is well-intentioned but may be bad for big trees?A. Ecological studies of forests.B. Banning woodcutting.C. Limiting housing development.D. Fire contro

42、l measures.【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段第三句Aggressive wildfire pete withresources可知，由于激进的森林防火措施，虽然一定程度上保护了森林， 但同时也导致小树泛滥，与大树争抢资源，从而导致大树数量骤减，所以选D 项。3. What is a major cause of the water shortage according to McIntyre?A. Inadequate snowmelt.B. A longer dry season.C. A warmer climate.D. Dampness of the air.【答案】

43、c【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段Since the 1930s, McIntyre said.have been rising temperatures.reduces the water可知，水资源短缺的一个主因是逐渐上升 的气候温度，故选C项。4. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Californias Forests: Where Have All the Big Trees Gone?B. Cutting of Big Trees to Be Prohibited in California SoonWhy Are the B

44、ig Trees Important to California Forests?C. Patrick McIntyre: Grow More Big Trees in California.【答案】A【解析】主旨大意题。根据全文可知，主要讲述了美国加州森林中大树数量急剧 下降的现象，并分析了原因。由此A项能很好地概括全文。三、完形填空。Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his second j_. He learned the value and

45、beauty of 2 there from a very young age.When he was 16, Molai began to notice something 3 happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the 4 it caused had driven away a number of birds. 5 , the number of snakes had declined as well. He 6 that it was because there werent

46、enough trees to protect them from the 7 . The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek 8 during the daytime. He turned to the 9 department for help but was told that nothing would grow there. However, Molai went looking on his own and 10 a nearby island where he began to pla

47、nt trees.11 young plants in the dry season was 12 for a lone boy. Molai built at the 13 of each sapling（幼树）a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to 14 rainwater. The water would then drip（）商落）on the plants below.Molai L5 to plant trees for the next 37 years, His efforts ha

48、ve resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals.1. A. dream B. job C. home D. choiceA. nature B. youth C. culture D. knowledge2. A. precious B. interesting C. disturbing D. awkwardA. waste B. tension C. pain D. damage3. A. Besides B. However C. Therefore D. OtherwiseA. agreed B. realized C. remembered D. predicted4. A. noise B. heat C. disease D. dustA. directions B. partners C. help D. shelter5. A. labor B. police C. forest D. financeA. rebuilt B. discovered C. left D. managed6. A. Decor