2022年12月四级考试真题 (二).docx

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1、2022年12月四级考试真题（二）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a foreign friend who wants to teach English in China. Please recommend a city to him. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension

2、(25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three uestions. Both the news report and the uestions will be spoken only once. After you hear a uestion, you must choose the best answer from the four choices mar

3、ked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.uestions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) Many facilities were destroyed by a wandering cow.B) A wandering cow knocked down one of its fences.C) Some touris

4、ts were injured by a wandering cow.D) A wandering cow was captured by the police.2. A) It was shot to death by a police officer.E USPS has sophisticated emergency plans for natural disasters. Across the country, 285 emergency-management teams are devoted to crisis control. These teams are trained an

5、nually using a framework known as the three Ps: people, property, product. After mail service stops due to weather, the agencys top priority is ensuring that employees are safe. Then it evaluates the health of infrastructure, such as the roads that mail carriers drive on. Finally, it decides when an

6、d how to re-open operations. If the destruction is extreme, mail addressed to the area will get sent elsewhere. In response to Hurricane Katrina in 2022, USPS redirected incoming New Orleans mail to existing mail facilities in Houston. Mail that was already processed in New Orleans facilities was mo

7、ved to an upper floor so it would be protected from water damage.F As soon as its safe enough to be outside, couriers （由B 递 员）start distributing accumulated mail on the still-accessible routes. USPS urges those without standing addresses to file change-of-address forms with their new location. After

8、 Hurricane Katrina hit in 2022, mail facilities were set up in dozens of locations across the country in the two weeks that USPS was unable to provide street delivery.G Every day, USPS processes, on average, 493. 4 million pieces of mail一anything from postcards to Social Security checks to medicine.

9、 Spokespeople from both USPS and UPS told me all mail is important. But some mail can be extremely sensitive and timely. According to data released in January 2022, 56 percent of bills are paid online, which means that just under half of payments still rely on delivery services to be completed.H It

10、can be hard to identify which parcels are carrying crucial items such as Social Security checks, but USPS and UPS try their best to prioritize sensitive material. They will coordinate with the Social Security Administration to make sure that Social Security checks reach the right people in a timely

11、fashion. After Hurricane Florence and Hurricane Michael last fall, USPS worked with state and local election boards to make sure that absentee ballots were available and received on time.川 Mail companies are logistics （物 流）companies, which puts them in a special position to help when disaster strike

12、s. In a 2022 USPS case study, the agency emphasized its massive infrastructure as a uniue federal asset“ to be called upon in a disaster or terrorist attack. I think were uniue as a federal agency,“ USPS official Mike Swigart told me, because were in literally every community in this country. Were o

13、bligated to deliver to that point on a daily basis.Private courier companies, which have more dollars to spend, use their expertise in logistics to help revitalize damaged areas after a disaster. For more than a decade, FedEx has supported the American Red Cross in its effort to get emergency suppli

14、es to areas affected by disasters, both domestically and internationally. In 2022, the company distributed more than 1,200 MedPacks to Medical Reserve Corps groups in California. They also donated space for 3. 1 million pounds of charitable shipping globally. Last October, the company pledged $1 mil

15、lion in cash and transportation support for Hurricanes Florence and Michael. UPSs charitable arm, the UPS Foundation, uses the companys logistics to help disaster-struck areas rebuild. We realize that as a company with people, trucks, warehouses, we needed to play a larger role,“ said EduardoMartine

16、z, the president of the UPS Foundation. The company employs its trucks and planes to deliver food, medicine, and water. The day before I spoke to Martinez in November, he had been touring the damage from Hurricane Michael in Florida with the American Red Cross. We have an obligation to make sure our

17、 communities are thriving/7 he said.J Rebuilding can take a long time, and even then, impressions of the disaster may still remain. Returning to a normal life can be difficult, but some small routines一mail delivery being one of them一may help residents remember that their communities are still their

18、communities. When they see that carrier back out on the street,z， Swigart said, that9s the first sign to them that life is starting to return to normal/7The United States Postal Service has a system to ensure its employees5 safety.36. One official says USPS is uniue in that it has more direct reach

19、to communities compared with other federal agencies.37. Natural disasters can have a long-lasting impact on community life.38. Mail delivery service is still responsible for the completion of almost half of payments.39. The sight of a mailman on the street is a reassuring sign of life becoming norma

20、l again.40. After Hurricane Katrina interrupted routine delivery, temporary mail service points were set up.41. Postal service in some regions in the U.S. was suspended due to extreme cold weather.42. Private postal companies also support disaster relief efforts by distributing urgent supplies.43. A

21、 dedicated USPS employee was on the job carrying out duties in spite of extreme conditions.44. Postal services work hard to identify items that reuire priority treatment.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some uestions or unfinished statements. For

22、 each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage Oneuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Professor Ashok Goel of Georgia Tech developed

23、 an artificially intelligent teaching assistant to help handle the enormous number of student uestions in the online class, Knowledge-Based Artificial Intelligence. This online course is a core reuirement of Georgia Techs online Master of Science in Computer Science program. Professor Goel already h

24、ad eight teaching assistants, but that wasnt enough to deal with the overwhelming number of daily uestions from students.Many students drop out of online courses because of the lack of teaching support. When students feel isolated or confused and reach out with uestions that go unanswered, their mot

25、ivation to continue begins to fade. Professor Goel decided to do something to remedy this situation and his solution was to create a virtual assistant named Jill Watson, which is based on the IBM Watson platform.Goel and his team developed several versions of Jill Watson before releasing her to the

26、online forums. At first, the virtual assistant wasnt too great. But Goel and his team sourced the online discussion forum to find all the 40,000 uestions that had ever been asked since the class was launched. Then they began to feed Jill with the uestions and answers. After some adjustments and suff

27、icient time, Jill was able to answer the students9 uestions correctly 97% of the time. The virtual assistant became so advanced and realistic that the students didnt know she was a computer. The students, who were studying artificial intelligence, were interacting with the virtual assistant and coul

28、dnt tell it apart from a real human being. Goel didnt inform them about Jills true identity until April 26. The students were actually very positive about the experience.The goal of Professor Goels virtual assistant next year is to take over answering 40% of all the uestions posed by students on the

29、 online forum. The name Jill Watson will, of course, change to something else next semester. Professor Goel has a much rosier outlook on the future of artificial intelligence than, say, Elon Musk, Stephen Hawking, Bill Gates or Steve Wozniak.45. What do we learn about Knowledge-Based Artificial Inte

30、lligenceA) It is a robot that can answer students uestions.B) It is a course designed for students to learn online.C) It is a high-tech device that revolutionizes teaching.D) It is a computer program that aids student learning.46. What problem did Professor Goel meet withA) His students were unsatis

31、fied with the assistants.B) His course was too difficult for the students.C) Students uestions were too many to handle.D) Too many students dropped out of his course.47. What do we learn about Jill WatsonA) She turned out to be a great success.A) She turned out to be a great success.C) She was unwel

32、come to studentsat first.at first.B) She got along pretty well with students.D) She was released online as anexperiment.49. How did the students feel about Jill WatsonA) They thought she was a bit too artificial.C) They could not but admire herknowledge.B) They found her not as capable as expected.D

33、) They could not tell her from areal person.50. What does professor Goel plan to do next with Jill WatsonA) Launch different versions of her online.B) Feed her with new uestions and answers.C) Assign her to answer more of students uestions.D) Encourage students to interact with her more freely.Passa

34、ge Twouestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Thinking small, being engaging, and having a sense of humor dont hurt. Those are a few of the traits of successful science crowdfunding efforts that emerge from a recent study that examined nearly 400 campaigns. But having a large network an

35、d some promotional skills may be more crucial.Crowdfunding, raising money for a project through online appeals, has taken off in recent years for everything from making movies to producing water-saving gadgets. Scientists have tried to tap Internet donors, too, with mixed success. Some raised more t

36、han twice their goals, but others have fallen short of reaching even modest targets.To determine what separates science crowdfunding triumphs from failures, a team led by science communications scholar Mike Schafer of the University of Zurich examined the content of the webpages for 371 recent campa

37、igns.Four traits stood out for those that achieved their goals, the researchers report in Public Understanding of Science. For one, they use a crowdfunding platform that specializes in raising money for science, and not just any kind of project. Although sites like Kickstarter take all comers, platf

38、orms such as Experiment and Petridish.org only present scientific projects. For another, they present the project with a funny video because good visuals and a sense of humor improved success. Most of them engage with potential donors, since projects that answered uestions from interested donors far

39、ed better. And they target a small amount of money. The projects included in the study raised $4000 on average, with 30% receiving less than $1000.The more money a project sought, the lower the chance it reached its goal, the researchers found.Other factors may also significantly influence a project

40、s success, most notably, the size of a scientists personal and professional networks, and how much a researcher promotes a project on their own. Those two factors are by far more critical than the content on the page. Crowdfunding can be part of researchers9 efforts to reach the public, and people g

41、ive because they feel a connection to the person“ who is doing the fundraising-not necessarily to the science.51. What do we learn about the scientists trying to raise money online for their projectsA) They did not raise much due to modest targets.B) They made use of mixed fundraising strategies.C)

42、Not all of them achieved their anticipated goals.D) Most of them put movies online for the purpose.52. What is the purpose of Mike Schafer,s research of recent crowdfunding campaignsA) To create attractive content for science websites.B) To identify reasons for their different outcomes.C) To help sc

43、ientists to launch innovative projects.D) To separate science projects from general ones.53. What trait contributes to the success of a crowdfunding campaignA) The potential benefit to future generations.B) Its interaction with prospective donors.C) Its originality in addressing financial issues.D)

44、The value of the proposed project.54. What did the researchers think of the financial targets of crowdfunding projectsA) They should be small to be successful. C) They should be assessed with great care.B) They should be based on actual needs. D) They should be ambitious to gain notice.55. What moti

45、vates people to donate in a crowdfunding campaignA) The ease of access to the content of the webpage.B) Their desire to contribute to the cause of science.C) The significance and influence of the project itself.D) Their feeling of connection to the scientists themselves.Part IVTranslation (30 minute

46、s)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.中国家庭十分重视孩子的教育。许多父母认为应该努力工作，确保孩子受到良好的教育。他 们不仅非常情愿为孩子的教育投资，而且花很多时间催促他们学习。许多家长希望孩子能上名 牌大学。由于改革开放，越来越多的家长能送孩子到国外学习或参加国际交流工程，以拓宽其 视野。通过这些努力，他们希望孩子健康成长，为

47、国家的开展和繁荣作出奉献。B) It found its way back to the parks zoo.C) It became a great attraction for tourists.D) It was sent to the animal control department.uestions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.A) It is the largest of its kind.B) It is going to be expanded.C) It is displaying mor

48、e fossil specimens.D) It is starting an online exhibition.A) A collection of bird fossils from Australia.B) Photographs of certain rare fossil exhibits.C) Some ancient wall paintings from Australia.D) Pictures by winners of a wildlife photo contest.uestions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you ha

49、ve just heard.5. A) Pick up trash.8) Amuse visitors.6. A) They are especially intelligent.8) They are childrens favorite.7. A) Children may be harmed by the rooks.B) Children may be tempted to drop litter.C) Deliver messages.D) Play with children.C) They are uite easy to tame.D) They are clean and pretty.C) Childre