名词性从句考点归纳与解析.ppt

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1、在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词从句在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses(Noun Clauses）。名词从句的功能相当于）。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词从句名词从句名词性从句在功能上相当于名词名词性从句在功能上相当于名词His job is importan

2、t.What he does is important.主语主语This is his job.This is what he does every day.表语表语I dont like his job.I dont like what he does every day.宾语宾语I dont know about the man,Mr.White.I dont know about the fact that he is a teacher.同位语同位语词词形形词义词义在从句中的成分在从句中的成分连连词词That-If/Whether是否是否-连连接接代代词词Who(ever)(无无论论)

3、谁谁（主格）（主格）主主语语、表、表语语Whom(ever)(无无论论)谁谁（宾宾格）格）宾语宾语Whose(ever)(无无论论)谁谁的的(所有所有格格)定定语语What(ever)(无无论论)什么什么主主语语、宾语宾语、表、表语语Which(ever)(无无论论)哪个哪个主主语语、宾语宾语、定、定语语连连接接副副词词When什么什么时时候候状状语语Where在哪里在哪里状状语语How怎怎样样，怎么，怎么状状语语why为为什么什么状状语语名词性从句考点归纳名词性从句考点归纳考点一、名词性从句的语序考点一、名词性从句的语序 名词性从句构成有两种名词性从句构成有两种a.a.That+陈述句陈述句

4、That light travels in straight lines is known to all.b.b.疑问词疑问词+句子的剩余成分句子的剩余成分 This is what we are looking for.1.The photographs will show you_A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike2.Youcanhardlyimagine_whenheheardthenews.A.howhewasex

5、citedB.howwasheexcitedC.howexcitedhewasD.hewashowexcited3.Heasked_foraviolin.A.didIpayhowmuchB.IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchdidIpayD.howmuchIpaid考点二考点二 that 和和what 的选用的选用that 和和 what 都可引导所有的名词从都可引导所有的名词从句。句。1.what除起连接作用外，还在名除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。语、宾语、或表语。2.that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，在名

6、词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。只起连接作用。that从句一般不作介词的宾语。但：从句一般不作介词的宾语。但：in that“因为因为”，except/but/besides that“除了除了”例外。例外。that/what1._ he wants is a book.2._ he wants to go there is obvious.3.The result is _ we won the game.4.This is _ we want to know.5.Is _ he told us true?6.We should pay attention to _ the teac

7、her is saying.7.I have no doubt _ he will come.8.I have no idea _ he did that afternoon.WhatThatthatwhatwhatwhatthatwhat9.Afterfivehoursdrive,theyreachedwastheplacetheydbeendreamingof.10.Theotherday,mybrotherdrovehiscardownthestreetatwasadangerousspeed.11.Thewayhediditwasdifferentfromwewereusedto.12

8、._theearthisroundisknowntousall.13.Ourschoolisquitedifferentfrom_itwasbefore.14.Fathermadeapromise_ifIpassedtheexaminationhewouldbuymeacomputer.whatwhat whatThatwhatthat考点三考点三 引导词引导词that that 的省略的省略that 可省略的情况：可省略的情况：单个宾语从句中的单个宾语从句中的that可省略可省略that不可省略的情况：不可省略的情况：a.主语从句主语从句b.表语从句表语从句c.同位语从句同位语从句d.用用i

9、t做形式宾语的宾语从句做形式宾语的宾语从句e.并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的 引导词引导词that 不能省略不能省略that/(that)1.I dont think _ she is coming.2.It is a pity _ he has made such a mistake.3.The reason is _ he is careless.4.The news _ our team won the match inspired us.5.I dont think it necessary _ you should read English aloud.

10、6.He told me _ his father had died and _ he had to make a living alone.(that)thatthatthatthat(that)that考考点点四四whether,if引引导导名名词词性性从从句句时时，表表示示“是是否否”，不不在在从从句句中中作作任任何何成成分分，二二者者常常可可通通用用，但但在在下下面面几种情况下一般只用几种情况下一般只用whether:(1)引引导导主主语语从句。从句。(2)引引导导表表语语从句。从句。(3)引引导导同位同位语语从句。从句。(4)在在动词动词discuss之后。之后。(5)在介在介词词之

11、后。之后。在动词在动词discuss之后之后(6)后面后面紧紧跟跟ornot。(7)动词动词不定式前。不定式前。if/whether1.I asked her _ she had a bike.2._ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.3.Were worried about _ he is safe.4.I dont know _ he is well or not.5.I dont know _ or not he is well.6.The question is _ he shoul

12、d do it.7.The doctor can hardly answer the question _ the old man will recover soon.8.I dont know _ to go.if/whetherWhetherwhetherwhether/ifwhetherwhetherwhetherwhether1._the2000OlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingisnotknownyet.A.WheneverB.IfC.WhetherD.That2._wellgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.If

13、B.WhetherC.ThatD.Where高考题选萃高考题选萃考点五考点五 同位语从句的引导和辨别同位语从句的引导和辨别1.同位语从句的格式：同位语从句的格式：n.+连接词连接词+从句从句2.能接同位语从句的名词有：能接同位语从句的名词有：fact、idea,news,information,order,belief,doubt,thought,possibility,hope,truth,feeling,suggestion,promise等等3.连接词通常是连接词通常是that,也可根据含义选用也可根据含义选用 whether,what,when,where 等来引等来引 导同位语从句。

14、导同位语从句。常见句式：常见句式：Wordcamethat-Newscamethat-Rumorcamethat-Astorygoesthat-注注:1.1.同位语从句多用同位语从句多用that 引导引导2.在在have no idea 之之后后常常用用wh-引导同位语从句引导同位语从句.I have no idea where he hasgone.Ihavenoideawhenhedidit.Ihavenoideawhathedid.1.I have no idea _ he comes from.2.He cant answer the question _ he got the mon

15、ey.3.He gave us many suggestions _ we should get up earlier and take more exercise.4.I have no doubt _ he will win.5.I have some doubt _ he will win.that/whether/where/howwherehowthatthatwhetherthat引引导导同位同位语语从句和定从句和定语语从句的区从句的区别别例例1：_ was known to all that William hadbroken his promise _ he would nev

16、er playcomputergamesagain.(2011湖湖南南雅雅礼礼中中学学高高三三第第8次次月考卷月考卷)A.As;whichB.As;thatC.It;thatD.What;that【解解析析】选选C。it作作形形式式主主语语，第第一一个个that后后引引导导从从句句作作真真正正主主语语。名名词词promise后后接接that引引导导的的同同位位语语从从句句。对前一名词内容进一步补充说明。对前一名词内容进一步补充说明。例例2：Helpingothersisahabit,one_youcanlearnevenatanearlyage.(2011山东卷改编山东卷改编)A.itB.th

17、atC.whatD.who【解解析析】选选B。one是是ahabit的的同同位位语语。作作为为定定语语从从句句的的先先行行词词，后后用用which或或that作作定定语语从从句句动动词词learn的的宾语。关系代词作宾语也可省略。宾语。关系代词作宾语也可省略。that引引导导同同位位语语从从句句时时，that在在从从句句中中不不作作成成分分(一一般般不不省省),且且不不可可用用which来来取取代代；that引引导导定定语语从从句句时时，that须须作作主主语语、宾宾语语或或表表语语(作作宾宾语语时时常常可可省省),且常可用且常可用which来取代。来取代。考点六考点六 宾语从句的时态呼应宾语

18、从句的时态呼应1.如果主句时态是现在时或将来时如果主句时态是现在时或将来时,从句谓语从句谓语 可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态.a.他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的.He believes _ _.b.请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么.Please tell me _ _.his dream will come true some day what you were doing at this time yesterday2.如果主句谓语是过去时如果主句谓语是过去时,从句谓语动词一般用过从句谓语动词一般用过 去

19、的某种时态去的某种时态,但从句表达的是客观事实、真理、但从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然规律等时，从句谓语通常用一般现在时。自然规律等时，从句谓语通常用一般现在时。他告诉我他正在为考试做准备。他告诉我他正在为考试做准备。He told me _ _.他说他已离开家乡十年了。他说他已离开家乡十年了。He told me _ _.老师告诉我们光是沿直线运行的。老师告诉我们光是沿直线运行的。The teacher told us _ _.he was preparing for the examination he had been away from his hometown for ten ye

20、ars light travels in a straight line考点七考点七what(什么什么)/which(表选表选择择,哪一个哪一个)1.-Doyouknow_MrBlacksaddressis?-HemayliveatNo.18orNo.19ofBridgeStreet.Imnotsureof_.2.Ireadaboutitinsomebookorother,doesitmatter_itwas?whatwhichwhich1）_youdontlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether 高考题选萃高考题选萃2)_hes

21、aidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.A.WhatB.ThatC.ThefactD.Thematter3)Theresafeelinginme_wellneverknowwhataUFOis-notever.A.thatB.whichC.ofwhichD.what考点八 选择填空（what,whatever,who,whoever)1._wassaidheremustbekeptsecret.2._weneedismoretime.3._madethelongdistancecalltohimisnotimportant.4._breaksthel

22、awwillbepunished.WhateverWhatWhoWhoever _等引导的等引导的名词性从句名词性从句不含有疑问意义不含有疑问意义，相，相当于名词后加一个定语从句，而当于名词后加一个定语从句，而_等引导的等引导的名词性从句都名词性从句都含有疑问意义含有疑问意义。请你归纳请你归纳who,whoever/what,whatever?whoever,whateverWho,what5._ you choose as your wife has nothing to do with me.6._ breaks the law should be punished.7.There is

23、no doubt that anyone _ doesnt give in to difficulties will be successful at last.Its only a matter of time.WhomeverWhoeverwho1._hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.A.WhoB.TheoneC.AnyoneD.Whoever高考题选萃高考题选萃2.Sarahhopestobecomeafriendof_sharesherinterests.A.anyoneB.whomeverC.whoeverD.nomatter

24、who 3.Thesewildflowersaresospecial,Iwoulddo_Icantosavethem.A.whateverB.thatC.whichD.whichever4.It is generally consideredunwisetogiveachild_heorshewants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever5._leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.A.AnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.Who考点九考点九It作作形式主语常见句型形式主语常见句型1.It

25、iswellknown/reported/thought/saidthat(It+be+donethat-)2.Itisclear/necessary/certain/truethat(It+be+adj.+that-)3.Itisapity/ashame/anhonorthat(It+be+n+that-)4.Itseems(happens/appears)that1.ThisisafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.(改错改错)2.Itworriedherabit_herhairwasturninggray.A.w

26、hileB.thatC.ifD.for3.大学生应该掌握一门外语，这是必要的。大学生应该掌握一门外语，这是必要的。Itisnecessarythat_.collegestudentsshouldmasteraforeignlanguage._It It is necessary/important/natural/strange-that sb.should do-主语从句在疑问句中时，多用it作形式主语。Has it been made public when they will come？Will it make too much difference whether he will jo

27、in us?*(2)it指代后面从句所叙述的内容，指代后面从句所叙述的内容，常用于这些动词后常用于这些动词后like/dislike/love/hate/appreciate/enjoy/prefer后常跟后常跟if或或when从句从句考点十考点十 it 作形式宾语作形式宾语*(1)make/find/feel/consider/think/believeit+adj/n+that/todoIhateitwhenpeoplelaughatthedisabled.1.Ivegottomakeclearthathetoldalie.2.Ilike_intheautumnwhentheweather

28、isclearandbright.3.A.thisB.thatC.itD.oneitit考点十一 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法:表示“命令、建议、要求”的动词，如suggest,request,insist,order 等后的宾语从句用虚拟语气。但insist作为坚持认为，suggest作为暗示、说明时则保持时态的一致。练习巩固练习巩固练习巩固练习巩固1.Iaskher_comewithme.A.ifshewill B.ifwillsheC.whetherwillsheD.willshe2._hesaidistrue.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhichD.Whether3.Canyoutel

29、lme_?A.whoisthatgentlemanB.thatgentlemaniswhoC.whothatgentlemanisD.whomisthatgentleman4.Hedidntknowwhichroom_.A.theylivedB.theylivedinC.didtheyliveD.didtheylivein5.Togetthejobstarted,_Ineedissomemoney.A.onlywhatB.allwhatC.allthatD.onlythat6.Ihavenoidea_fartherailwaystationisfromhere.A.whatB.howC.its

30、D.that7.Canyoutellme_therailwaystation?A.howIcangettoB.whatcanIgettoC.whereIcangottoD.wherecanIgetto8.Doyouknow_?A.whatishisnameB.howishisnameC.whathisnameisD.howhisnameis9._youhavedonemightdoharmtootherpeople.A.ThatB.WhatC.WhichD.This10.Theyhavenoideaatall_.A.wherehehasgoneB.wheredidhegoC.whichplac

31、ehashegone D.wherehashegone11.Theywanttoknow_dotohelpus.A.whatcantheyB.whattheycanC.howtheycanD.howcanthey12.Thesephotographswillshowyou_.A.whatourvillagelookslikeB.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike13.Canyoumakesure_thegoldring?A.whereAlicehadputB.wherehad

32、AliceputC.whereAlicehasputD.wherehasAliceput14.Noonecanbesure_inamillionyears.A.whatmanwilllooklikeB.whatwillmanlooklikeC.manwilllooklikeD.whatlookmanlike15._the2008OlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingisnotknownyet.A.WheneverB.IfC.Whether D.That16.Goandgetyourcoat.Its_youleftit.A.thereB.whereC.therewhere

33、D.wherethere17.Itworriedherabit_herhairwasturninggray.A.whileB.thatC.ifD.for18._hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.A.WhatB.ThatC.ThefactD.Thematter19.Doyouremember_hecame?Yes,Ido.Hecamebycar.A.howB.whenC.thatD.if20._wecantgetseemsbetterthan_wehave.A.What;whatB.What;thatC.That;thatD.That;wh

34、at21._wellgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where22.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_heorshewants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever23.IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.Isthat_youhadafewdaysoff?A.whyB.whenC.whatD.where24.ThesewildflowersaresospecialthatIwould

35、do_Icantosavethem.A.whatever B.thatC.whichD.whichever25._youdontlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether26.You cant imagine _ when they received these niceChristmaspresents.A.howtheywereexcitedB.howexcitedtheywereC.howexcitedweretheyD.theywerehowexcited27._causedtheaccidentisstillacomple

36、temystery.A.WhatB.ThatC.HowD.Where28.Ihadneitheraraincoatnoranumbrella._Igotwetthrough.A.ItsthereasonB.ThatswhyC.ThereswhyD.Itshow29.Itwasamatterof_wouldtaketheposition.A.whoB.whoeverC.whomD.whomever30._hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.A.WhoB.TheoneC.AnyoneD.Whoever31.Itwas_hesaid_disap

37、pointedme.A.what;thatB.that;thatC.what;whatD.that;what32.Eat _ cake you like and leave the others for _comesinlate.A.any;whoB.every;whoeverC.whichever;whoeverD.either;whoever1.Itnowappears_theyareinneedofhelp.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.how2.Itisgoodnews_theywillarriveinafewdays.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.how3.I

38、t_Joedrivesbadly.A.thoughtthatB.thinksthatC.isthoughtthat D.isthoughtthat4.It_heislateforclass.A.maythatB.mightthatC.maybethatD.mightbewhat5.Thisis_shewasborn.A.whereB.whichC.thatD.what6.Thequestionis_wecantgotheretoday.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.when7.Thequestionis_itisworthdoing.A.ifB.whetherC.whichD.wh

39、at8.Thereasonhehasmadesuchgreatprogressis_hehasneverwastedhistime.A.becauseB.whyC.thatD.what9.Mysuggestionis_weshouldturnthelandintoricefields.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.where10.Hisproposalisthatthedam_atthefootofthemountain.A.buildB.willbuildC.bebuiltD.willbebuilt11.Myadviceisthathe_regularhouse.A.keepB.

40、wouldkeepC.keepsD.kept12._knowsthetruthwilltellyouaboutit.A.WhothatB.WhoeverC.WhomthatD.Thatwho13.Weallknowthetruth_theearthgoesroundthesun.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whether14.Weheardthenews_ourteamhadwon.A.whichB.that C.whatD.where15.Theproblem_itisrightorwronghasnotyetbeendecided.A.whichB.thatC.whetherD.if16.Youmustdowell_theteacherasksyoutodo.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where