名词性从句之宾语从句与表语从句.ppt

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1、Object ClausesObject Clauses 宾语从句宾语从句宾语从句宾语从句M3U3 GrammarM3U3 Grammar 什么是宾语？Iknowhim.Doyouhavethetime?Ithink(that)sheisbeautiful.Whydontyoupayattentiontome?宾语位于谓语动词或者介词后1.Iknowhim.2.Iknowwhoheis.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语（简单句）（简单句）主语主语谓语谓语宾宾语语从从句句连词连词 从句主语从句主语 从句谓语从句谓语 主主 句句（复合句）（复合句）一、宾语从句的概念一、宾语从句的概念在复合句中作宾语的名词

2、性从句，通常放在主句在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后。谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后。eg.WeknowMrGreenteachesEnglish.Sheaskediftheseanswerswereright.二、宾语从句三要素二、宾语从句三要素引导词（连接词）引导词（连接词）语语 序序时时 态态MrGreenteachesEnglishiftheseanswerswereright从属连词从属连词 that,whether,if连接代词连接代词 who,whom,whose,which,what（一）引导词1 12 23 3连接副词连接副词 wher

3、e,how,why,whene.g.1.Ihear(that)_.2.Hesaid(that)_.hewillbebackinanhour hemissedusverymuch由从属连词由从属连词 that that 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句注注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不充当成分，在口语当中往往省略充当成分，在口语当中往往省略thatthat不能省略的不能省略的3 3种情况种情况(1)that引导多个并列宾语从句，第二个及引导多个并列宾语从句，第二个及以后的以后的that不可省。不可省。Hetoldmehewouldhaveapartyandtha

4、thewantedmetotakepartin.(2)当当that作介词作介词except,in,but的宾语时的宾语时IknownothingabouthimexceptthatheisfromBeijing.但：但：YoumaydependonitthatIllhelpyou.(3)用用it做形式宾语的宾语从句做形式宾语的宾语从句IthinkitnecessarythatyoushouldreadEnglishaloud.由从属连词由从属连词 whether,if whether,if 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句1.Iwanttoknow_.2.Askhim_.if(whether)he

5、willgototheparkwithuswhether(if)hecancomeif/whether“是否是否”，常用在，常用在ask,wonder,can(could)youtellme等后。等后。只能用只能用 whether whether不能用不能用 if if 的情况的情况1.当与当与or not连用，或连用，或提出两种选择提出两种选择时时:Idontknowwhetherhesfreeornot.2.在动词不定式前在动词不定式前(whether to do sth.)：Theyaskedmewhethertogoskating.3.在介词后面：在介词后面：Weareworrieda

6、boutwhetheritwillraintomorrow.4.宾语从句提前时：宾语从句提前时：Whetherthisistrue,Icantsay.Practice timePractice timeif/whether1.Iaskedher_shehadabike.2.Wereworriedabout_heissafe.3.Iwonder_heiswell.4.Idontknow_ornotheiswell.5.Idontknow_togo.if/whetherwhetherwhether/ifwhetherwhether1.Heasked_.2.Doyouknow_?3.Heasked_

7、.4.Doyouknow_?5.Pleasetellme_.6.Canyoutellme_?7.Couldyoutellme_?whocouldanswerthequestionwhomtheyarewaitingforwhosebikewasthebestintheclasswhenwellhaveameetingwhereheishowIcangettothestationwhythetrainislate由连接代词由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which,what Who,whom,whose,which,what 和连接副词和连接副词 where,how,why,when

8、where,how,why,when引导的宾从引导的宾从代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。二、语序二、语序宾语从句的语序用宾语从句的语序用陈述语序陈述语序：连接词连接词+主语主语+谓语谓语+其他成分其他成分1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?Hisbrotheraskswhenhewillgotothelibrary.Hisbrotheraskswhenwillhegotothelibrary.2.Whatdidhewanttobuy?Idontknowwha

9、tdidhewanttobuy.Idontknowwhathewantedtobuy.主句主句+连接词连接词+从句（主从句（主+谓谓+其他成分）其他成分）Whatswrong?Whatsthematter?Whatshappening?Whathappened?注：当从句的原句为以下句子注：当从句的原句为以下句子 以及以及what,whowhat,who作主语时，作主语时，语序不变语序不变：eg:Idontknowwhatsthematter.Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere?Canyoutellmewhoheis?做主语做主语做表语做表语否定的转移否定的转移 若主句谓语动

10、词为若主句谓语动词为think,consider,suppose,think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,guess,imaginebelieve,expect,guess,imagine等，等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。Idontthinkthisdressfitsyouwell.Idontbelieveyouwillfinishtheworktoday.vIknowhe_（live)here.vIknowhe_(live)

11、heretenyearsago.vIhaveheardthathe_(come)tomorrow.三、时态三、时态1.1.主句用现在时或将来时，从句可用任何主句用现在时或将来时，从句可用任何时态，根据实际情况而定。时态，根据实际情况而定。2.2.如果主句是过去的时态如果主句是过去的时态,从句的时态一定从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态要用相对应的过去的某种时态vIknewwho_(live)here.vIsawshe_(talk)withhermother.vHeaskedwhetherhisfather_(come)backtomorrow.vHesaidthathe_(see)it.

12、liveslivedwillcomelivedwastalkingwouldcomehadseenThebosstoldmehewasbornin1960.IheardthathewenttoParislastnight.3.3.从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象时自然现象时,仍用一般现在时。仍用一般现在时。Dadtoldusthatit_bettertodothantosay.Hetoldtheboythatthreeandthree_six.Hetoldmetheearth_(move)aroundthesun.4.4.从句中有具体时间状语，即使从句动

13、作从句中有具体时间状语，即使从句动作发生在主句动作前，仍用一般过去时。发生在主句动作前，仍用一般过去时。isismoves宾语从句宾语从句三要素三要素时时 态态Summary (小结）小结）引导词（连接词）引导词（连接词）语语 序序The predicative ClausesThe predicative Clauses 表语从句表语从句表语从句表语从句M3U3 GrammarM3U3 Grammar 表语从句表语从句在句中充当表语的从句在句中充当表语的从句(即放在即放在be/系动词后面系动词后面)叫做表语从句。叫做表语从句。我们的目的是他能认识到错误。我们的目的是他能认识到错误。Our p

14、urpose is that he can realize his faults.1.1.注意：引导表语从句的连接词注意：引导表语从句的连接词thatthat一般不省略。一般不省略。问题是它是否值得做。问题是它是否值得做。The question is whether it is worth doing.2.2.注意：表语从句表示注意：表语从句表示“是否是否”只用只用“whether”“whether”而不用而不用“if”“if”他为什么迟到的原因是交通拥挤。他为什么迟到的原因是交通拥挤。Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthatthetrafficwasbusy.3.3.注意：

15、有注意：有reasonreason时表语从句不用时表语从句不用becausebecause而而用用thatthatHewaslate,thatsbecausethetrafficwasbusy.Thetrafficwasbusy,thatswhyhewaslate.4.Itis/wasbecause.Itis/waswhy.Thereason(why/for)is/wasthat.作为常用结构记作为常用结构记试区分以下句子试区分以下句子Is this museum what you visited?Is this the museum that you visited?Is this muse

16、um the one that you visited?注意：这种句子考试时一定要把句子变换成陈注意：这种句子考试时一定要把句子变换成陈述句，接着判断句子是属于哪种从句再完成。述句，接着判断句子是属于哪种从句再完成。(表从表从)(定从定从)(定从定从)1.Theyoungmanasked_itssummerorwinter.A.eitherB.thatC.weatherD.whether2.Wedontknow_theydidit.A.howB.whoC.whatD.which3.Theteacherasksus_Jimcancomebackontime.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.w

17、hattime4.Doesanybodyknow_wewillhaveasportsmeetingthisweekendornot.A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.thatD DA AB BC C Practice5.Couldyoushowme_?A.howcanIgettothestationB.whereisthestationC.howIcouldgettothestationD.howIcanreachthestation6.Pleasetellme_.A.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslikeC.whathelikesD.whathelike7.M

18、ysistertoldhim_.A.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainarrivedC.whoshewaswaitingD.wheredidyouliveC CB BD D8.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_.A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitis9.Couldyoutellmehowlong_?A.youhaveboughtthewatchB.youhavekeptthissciencebookC.haveyoubeenawayfromChinaD.haveyoubeenamemberofGreen

19、erChina10.Hesaysthatifit_tomorrow,he_fishing.A.willrain,wontgoB.rained,wasntgoC.rains,wontgoD.rain,willgoB BC CD D1.The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow.(be)2.The headmaster hopes everything _ well.(go)3.I hear they _(return)it already.4.He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948.(be)5.Our t

20、eacher told us in class the sun _ in the east.(rise)will be goes have returned had been risesHow we get on with our parentsTell us what your wish is to your mother-The reason is that _ _ _ That is why there is a generation gap between parents and children.My wish is that _ _ _ 我泪已干我泪已干,心已死心已死,可一个孩子一

21、个家啊可一个孩子一个家啊!家里每家里每天都死气沉沉天都死气沉沉,因为孩子整天上网因为孩子整天上网,不肯上学不肯上学,没没有了人生目标。有了人生目标。一位母亲致陶教授的信陶一位母亲致陶教授的信陶教授教授:How my child spends his time on computer _What I want to say _What I want to do for my child _Whether the action I take will be effective_Who makes my child become a computer addict _Why so many chil

22、dren become computer addicts _The reason is that _The trouble is _My wish is _.Tell us what your wish is to your mother-My wish is that _ The reason is that _ _ _ _ our parents are too busy to talk with us.they cant understand us.our parents dont like to accept new things.we cant understand our pare

23、nts either.My wish is that _ _ _ she can spend more time with me.she can take more exercise and take care of herself.she wont only concern my study.That is why _ there is a generation gap between parents and children.How my child spends his time on computer _ What I want to say _ What I want to do for my child _ Whether the action I take will be effective_ Who makes my child become a computer addict _ Why so many children become computer addicts _ The reason is that _ The trouble is _ My wish is