二轮语法复习从句及特殊句式.ppt

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1、Leaningaims:Attheendoftheclass,thesswillbeableto1.knowthedefinitionofthethreeclauses.2.mastertheskillsofhowtochoosetheproperconjunctionsincontext.3.usethreeclausesfreelyinrealsituations.定语从句解题策略定语从句解题策略方法方法1 从句成分分析法从句成分分析法引导定语从句的连词叫关系词，分为关系代词和关系副词，引导定语从句的连词叫关系词，分为关系代词和关系副词，关系代词在从句中作主语，宾语，表语或定语；关系副关系

2、代词在从句中作主语，宾语，表语或定语；关系副词在从句中作状语。解题时先对从句进行分析，确定从词在从句中作状语。解题时先对从句进行分析，确定从句中所缺的成分，然后根据所缺成分选择关系代词或关句中所缺的成分，然后根据所缺成分选择关系代词或关系副词。系副词。1 Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet_ life has developed gradually.(2010 福建，福建，24)A that B where C which D whose 2 I have become good f

3、riends with several of the students in my school_ I met in the English speech contest last year.(2010 湖南，湖南，28)A who B where C when D which 方法方法2 特殊先行词记忆法特殊先行词记忆法当先行词是当先行词是case,point,situation,condition 等且从句中不等且从句中不缺少主要成分时，从句用缺少主要成分时，从句用where 引导引导;先行词是先行词是occasion 时，从句常用时，从句常用when 引导；先行词是引导；先行词是the

4、way 且从句中不缺少主要成分时，用且从句中不缺少主要成分时，用that 或或in which 引导引导或省略关系词；先行词是或省略关系词；先行词是reason 且从句中缺少状语时，且从句中缺少状语时，用用why 引导定语从句；当主句中出现引导定语从句；当主句中出现as,so,such,the same 时，限制性定语从句用时，限制性定语从句用as 引导。引导。1.Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut?2.-You should try the barbers _I go.Its only$15.（2010，天津，天津，8）

5、3.A as B which C where D that 方法方法3 先行词还原法先行词还原法在解答有关在解答有关“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”类试题时，可把先行类试题时，可把先行词代替关系词放到从句中，如果此句意思通顺，则词代替关系词放到从句中，如果此句意思通顺，则为正确答案。为正确答案。The newlybuilt caf,the walls of _are painted light green,is really a peaceful place for us,especially after hard work.(2010 江苏，江苏，32)A that B it C what D

6、 which The walls of which=of which the walls/whose walls名词性从句解题策略名词性从句解题策略法法1 从句类型判断法从句类型判断法-根据从句在整个句子中的位置，判断从句类型，然根据从句在整个句子中的位置，判断从句类型，然后再确定引导该从句的连词。后再确定引导该从句的连词。1 Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears.No one in the office knew_ she was so angry.(2010 湖南，湖南，35)A where B whether C that D

7、why 2 One reason for her preference for city life is _ she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.(2010 上海，上海，36)A that B how C what D why 法法2 从句成分分析法从句成分分析法引导名词性从句的连词分三类：引导名词性从句的连词分三类：that 在从句中不担任成分，本身无意义；在从句中不担任成分，本身无意义；Whether/if 本身有意义，在从句中不担任成分本身有意义，在从句中不担任成分Wh类及类及how,as if,be

8、cause 等，本身有意义，在从句中担任成分。等，本身有意义，在从句中担任成分。What,which,who,whom,whose 等在从句中作主语，宾语，表语，等在从句中作主语，宾语，表语，定语等；定语等；When,where,why,how,because 等在从句中作状语。通过分析从句，等在从句中作状语。通过分析从句，可以知道从句是否缺成分，缺什么成分，从而确定连词的种类。可以知道从句是否缺成分，缺什么成分，从而确定连词的种类。1.As a new graduate,he doesnt know _ it takes to start a business here.(2010 天津天津

9、 14)2.A how B what C when D which 3.2 How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on_4.he goes with,whether his friends or relatives.(2010 四川四川 14)5.A what B who C how D why 方法方法3 关注特殊形式的名词性从句关注特殊形式的名词性从句感叹词引导的宾语从句和感叹词引导的宾语从句和because,as if 引导的表语从句。引导的表语从句。1 Parents are taught to understan

10、d _ important education is to their childrens future.A that B how C such D so 2 We have missed the bus.It looks _ well have to walk home.A that B likely C even if D as if 状语从句状语从句方法方法1 掌握连词意义，判断从句类型掌握连词意义，判断从句类型从句类型不同，引导从句的连词也不同。选择连词的前提从句类型不同，引导从句的连词也不同。选择连词的前提是确定从句的类型。要确定从句类型，就要正确翻译句是确定从句的类型。要确定从句类

11、型，就要正确翻译句子。翻译正确就能够判断出该从句是状语从句中的哪一子。翻译正确就能够判断出该从句是状语从句中的哪一种，选择也就很容易了。种，选择也就很容易了。1 Tim is in good shape physically_ he doesnt get much exercise.(2010 湖南湖南 32)A if B even if C unless D as long as 2 Because of the heavy traffic,it was already time for lunch break _ she got to her office.(2010 四川四川 20)A

12、since B that C when D until 方法方法2 区分常用句型结构区分常用句型结构英语中有些固定句型，需要用不同的连词来引导，熟记这些句型，英语中有些固定句型，需要用不同的连词来引导，熟记这些句型，有时启到事半功倍的作用。如有时启到事半功倍的作用。如It is/has been+一段时间一段时间+since.;It is/was+具体时间点具体时间点+when;It will be/was+一段时间一段时间+before.It is/was+时间状语时间状语+that.等等1 john thinks it wont be long _ he is ready for his

13、new job.(2010 陕西陕西 20)A when B after C before D since 2 I will put the book _ you placed it and make a mark at the place_ I put it.A where;at which B at which;at which C where;which D at which;where 句子类型与特殊句式句子类型与特殊句式方法方法1 分析句型结构，注意特殊句式分析句型结构，注意特殊句式在一些试题中要注意区别一些特殊的句型，如倒装句，强在一些试题中要注意区别一些特殊的句型，如倒装句，强调

14、句，反以疑问句，祈使句等，特别注意强调句型的一调句，反以疑问句，祈使句等，特别注意强调句型的一般疑问句，特殊疑问句形式。般疑问句，特殊疑问句形式。1 It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village _ the hostess cooked such a nice dinner.(2010 安徽安徽 27)A where B that C when D which 2 Johns success has nothing to do with good luck.It is years of hard work

15、_ has made him what he is today.(2010 湖南湖南 25)A why B when C which D that 方法方法2 还原特殊句型，显现本来面目还原特殊句型，显现本来面目一般说来，对于一些特殊的句型，我们可以把它还原为正一般说来，对于一些特殊的句型，我们可以把它还原为正常的句型，如把倒装句还原为陈述句，把省略句补全等。常的句型，如把倒装句还原为陈述句，把省略句补全等。1 The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise,if _ regularly,can improve our health.(

16、2010，浙江，浙江8)A being carried out B carrying out C carried out D to carry out 2.-Is everyone here?-Not yet.Look,there_ the rest of our guests!A come B comes C is coming D are coming【变式训练】【变式训练】1)_isknowntousallisthattheoldworker,for_lifewashardinthepast,stillworkshardinhisseventies2)_isknowntousalltha

17、ttheoldworker,_lifewashardinthepast,stillworkshardinhisseventies3)_isknowntousall,theoldworker,_lifewashardinthepast,stillworkshardinhisseventies.ItWhatwhosewhom1._isknowntousallisthattheoldworker,_lifewashardinthepast,stillworkshardinhisseventies.WhatwhoseAswhoseTipsConsolidation:1 He desires to be

18、_ is referred to as a hacker-he likes to show off the Internet and attack websites.A what B who C that D whoever2-What were you trying to prove to the police?-_ I was last night.A That B When C Where D What 3.“I was not aware.”she said in a trembling voice,“_ someone was following me.”A where B whet

19、her C how D that 4.Id like to sit near the window,_ I can see what has happened outside.5.The boy climbed on the top of the house,_ he could see the enemy in the distance.fromwherefromwhere6.Mary,I would like to introduce to you the boy_ I talked a moment ago.A to her sister B to whose sister C whos

20、e sister D to whom sister7.-We have been very busy and tired recently.-Yes.Lets try to find an occasion_ we can have a rest and get relaxed.A when B where C which D that 8.I planted ten trees in my yard five years ago,_ have grown tall and strong.A all of them B all of which C and all of which D but

21、 all of them 9.The term“baby boom”most often refers to the period from 1946 to 1964 in the United States,_ about 78.3 million Americans were born.A during the time B during which time C during whose time D and during which time 10.They went through many challenges,_ were rooted in the customs and tr

22、aditions of the local people.A of which the most difficult B and the most difficult of whichC the most difficult of them D but the most difficult of them 11.In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30pm_ many people have gone home.by which time 12.The children,_ had played the whole day

23、 long,were worn out.All of what B.all of which C.all of them D.all of whom13.He wrote a lot of novels,_ regarded as masterpieces.A.dozens of which B.dozens of themC.a dozen of which D.dozens of that14.Where did you get to know her?-It was on the farm _ we worked.15.-Have you seen the film Under the

24、Hawthorn Tree?-Of course,I have.It was in our village_ it was made.A.that B.where C.when D.which16.It was in the remote mountains areas_ I spent the gap year_ I learned how to work with a group of strangers and how to look after myself.A.where;that B.when;that C.where;when D.that;wherewhere 众所周知，中国有

25、众所周知，中国有960万平方公里的土地，是世界第三大国。中万平方公里的土地，是世界第三大国。中国有很多河流，长江和黄河是最重要的河流。曾有一段时间，中国有很多河流，长江和黄河是最重要的河流。曾有一段时间，中国的经济落后于世界的许多国家。随着科技的发展，中国人被歧国的经济落后于世界的许多国家。随着科技的发展，中国人被歧视的日子一去不复返，所有的中国人都为此感到自豪。视的日子一去不复返，所有的中国人都为此感到自豪。As is known to all,China covers more than 9.6million square kilometers,which is the third lar

26、gest country in the world.Besides,there are many big rivers in China,the most important of which are the Yangze River and the Yellow River.There was a time when Chinese economy was far behind other countries in the world.However,with the development of science and technology,the days are gone foreve

27、r when we were looked down upon,of which all Chinese are proud.that,whether(if)which,what,who,whom,whose,whichever-where,when,why,how,wherever,-句子It+be+adj+that-n done happen/seem like,dislike,enjoy,love,hate,depend on,see to 定于从句 同位语从句 idea,fact,truth,promise,word,plan what/that;what/which 分析句子结构分析

28、句子结构1、（14江苏完型）She suggested that Dale join the debating team,believing thatpractice in speaking could give him the confidence and recognition that he needed.2、（14江苏阅读B）By knowing precisely what you are receiving and what you are missing out on,you ought to be able to make better-informed,more reason

29、able decisions.Consider that most famous economic rule of all:theres no such thing as a free lunch.3、（14重庆阅读E）“We are what we pretend to be,so we must be careful about what we pretend to be.宾语从句宾语从句定语从句宾语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句宾语从句4、We all breathed a sigh of relief when the news came that no one was injured

30、in the accident.5、what teenagers dont realize ishowdifficult life can be after they get addicted to drugs.同位语从句主语从句表语从句1、（2014重庆卷）Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?Yeah,but I have no idea _he did it;thats one of his favorite universities.A.when B.Why C.that D.how2、

31、（2014四川卷）Grandma pointed to the hospital and said,Thats _ I was born.A.when B.how C.why D.where3、（2014天津卷）I think _ impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses.A.what B.that C.which D.who4、（2014浙江卷）“Every time you eat a sweet,drink green tea.”This is _ my mother used to tell me.A.what B.h

32、ow C.that D.whether5 _ at present is that we should be devoted to our study.目前我们应该去做的就是要努力学习。What we should do now is to study hard 6With the rapid development of science,I cant imagine _ in ten years.(what)随着科技的快速发展，我无法想象十年后我的家乡会是什么样子。7What my father often tells me is _ a girl shine is not her look

33、s but her personality.(make)我父亲经常告诉我：让一个女孩儿耀眼的不是她的外表而是她的个性。8 The news _ _ makes us happy.高考快要来临了的消息让我们很高兴。what my hometown will be what makes that the national exam is coming WritingRead the following article and try to drill the sentence structure givenScientistsfindthathardworkingpeoplelivelongert

34、hanaveragemenandwomen.Careerwomenarehealthierthanhousewives.Evidenceshowsthatwhenevertheemploymentrate（就业率）（就业率）increasesby1%,thedeathrateincreasecorrespondingly(相应地相应地)by2%.Allthiscomesdowntoonepoint:workishelpfultohealth.Researchesshowthatpeoplefeelunhappy,worriedandlonelywhentheyhavenothingtodo.B

35、ywork,peoplecomeintocontactwitheachother.Thelossofworkmeansthelossofeverything.Itaffectsmanspirituallyandmakeshimlikelytodisease.Drill the following sentence patterns:(1)大意概括The essay highlights the importance that-The passage argues in support of-,stating that-The article points out the common phenomenon that-,which-学以致用(2)正文部分What attracts me most is that-Its advisable/advised that-Ill appreciated it if-Its even better if-Its a pity that-Everyone should see to it that-From the above analysis,we may arrive at the conclusion that-学以致用