大叶大学产品资讯管理课程BOM管理与工变管理2.pptx

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1、BOM管理與工變管理大葉大學產品資訊管理課程課程第六週回顧E-BOM名詞解釋E-BOMPart MasterComponentAssemblyAssembly structureAlternative PartSubstitutes PartViewBOM ExpansionSupplierCPCCMProduct structure management回顧What is a BOM?The bill of materials(BOM)is the framework to capture and organize product data.Read the Article from BOM

2、.COM回顧What is a BOM?The BOM is a list of each part needed to create a finished product.In real-world usage,however,the BOM is a complex collection of individual pieces of information and the relationships between them.The BOM is also a vendor list that specifies how huge sums of money are spent.回顧Wh

3、at is a BOM?A Product Structure is a division of parts into assemblies and components creating a hierarchical relationshipAssm1A1usesisForAssm2A1Comp1A1Assm1A1supBy弘光實業回顧What is a BOM?料號結構資訊料號組成或構成描述資訊實體零件的描述資訊設定變化的基準q結構有效性日期有效性批量有效性回顧What is a BOM?Engineering BOM Capture and ManagementBicycleSeatSe

4、atPostSteeringSystemFrameDriveSystemDecalHandleBarFrontWheelForkChainCrankPedal日期有效性生效日期:2002/10/10失效日期:2002/12/10回顧What is a BOM?料號結構資訊料號組成或構成描述資訊實體零件的描述資訊回顧What is a BOM?P-A結構資訊P-B結構資訊P-B結構資訊P-D日期有效性生效日期:2002/10/10失效日期:2002/12/10日期有效性生效日期:2002/12/10失效日期:2003/1/10日期有效性生效日期:2002/11/3失效日期:2003/1/10圖示

5、有效性的操作展開設定以目前的日期進行展開回顧What is a BOM?圖示有效性的操作P-A結構資訊P-B結構資訊P-B結構資訊P-D日期有效性生效日期:2002/10/10失效日期:2002/12/10日期有效性生效日期:2002/12/10失效日期:2003/1/10日期有效性生效日期:2002/11/3失效日期:2003/1/10P-AP-B日期有效性If now=2002/12/7 Then回顧Part&Supplier?弘光實業Assm1A1supByStart Point of CPCCowBoysupByPart Master&Supplier回顧Part&Supplier?弘

6、光實業CowBoyAssm-AA1Assm-AB1拹同研發回顧Part&Supplier?(CPC)弘光實業P-AP-BP-CP-DA實業B實業C實業Information sharing/transportationDocument managementProject managementChange managementAll across the EnterpriseboundaryBOM active show工變管理Show the flash movie工變管理工變管理的緣起工變管理的緣起同義名詞同義名詞工變定義工變定義工變的重要性工變的重要性工變執行方式工變執行方式ECM範疇範疇

7、ECM系統效益系統效益工變管理的緣起工變管理的緣起Changes to a product occur frequently in high tech engineering environments,where initial product designs are often continuously evolving prototypes,and in environments facing technological advances,changes in consumer demand,and fluctuations in the availability of component

8、s and raw materials.工變管理的緣起工變管理的緣起Whenever a company creates a product,it has to be defined and its definition will need to be kept up to date as changes take place.Changes to technical products are unavoidable and an essential part of every overall product development process.Effective change manag

9、ement ensures that technical requirements are clearly defined,documented and controlled throughout the product life cycle.同義名詞同義名詞EC-engineering changeECB-engineering change boardECC-engineering change controlECN-engineering change notification,engineering change noticeECO-engineering change orderEC

10、P-engineering change proposal,engineering change packageECR-engineering change request工變定義工變定義Engineering change control refers to the process of controlling how an item is built.It is controlled by a function that assures that the process of product evolution is done smoothly and with proper author

11、ization.工變定義工變定義Engineering change management refers to the process of assigning numbers to the various changes in a product.工變定義工變定義Our engineering change process provides flexibility without compromising careful control of the manufacturing process.Its centered on the engineering change notice(ECN

12、).An ECN must be entered,approved,implemented and tracked for all changes.ECNs may be implemented immediately,or at a future date.工變定義工變定義All companies have to make changes to existing products and to products under development to meet customer requirements.Engineering changes allow us to manage the

13、se changes efficiently without interrupting production of existing products.They allow product and process information such as models,drawings,BOMs and NC programs to be updated and activated according to a user defined schedule.工變定義工變定義Engineering change-an orderly process for evolving the design o

14、f a product.爲何會有工變爲何會有工變Customers always have problems and new requirementsDesign engineers want to improve functionalityPurchasing finds new suppliersMarketing and sales want lots of new and modified productsProduction implements continuous improvement爲何會有工變爲何會有工變Installation staff give input on wh

15、at is really important in the fieldCustomer service collects application problems and expects quick fixesManufacturing engineering wants to reduce costsRegulatory authorities constantly change the rulesRegulatory authorities管理單位(政府機關)工變的重要性工變的重要性 Engineering changes have to be implemented with minim

16、um effort and cost while providing maximum benefits and quality.Changes have to be made as fast as possible because our customers want upgraded product as soon as possible.工變的重要性工變的重要性Effective Engineering Change Managementneliminates problems that arise from people not using the latest version of a

17、 document neliminates problems caused by unauthorized changes to documents by forcing users through a formal change procedure neliminates risk by ensuring appropriate people know of changes from receiving up to date and complete information ngives full traceability of all documentation and relations

18、hips工變的重要性工變的重要性Respond to customer needs faster than competitors 競爭力的來源Improve time to market Be sure you are working with the latest information 對工程人員來說Manage complex and compound documents and drawings Be sure the teams information is up to date and easy to find 工變的重要性工變的重要性Keep up to date with c

19、hanging specifications and requirements 對客戶而言Share accurate,up to date information with a geographically dispersed team目前最需要達成的 Manage all information including off-line and paper documents 工變的重要性工變的重要性Do change impact analysis as far down as tooling and manufacturing process costs 透過程序的執行直達最底層Infor

20、m off-site team members instantly of changes NotificationCommunicate effectively and accurately with downstream users 工變的重要性工變的重要性Communicate last minute changes to team members Link changes to databases for instant updating Preview the impact of engineering changes Drive down review and approval cy

21、cle times Monitor change approval and implementation progress Know the status of all change orders 工變的重要性工變的重要性Reduce change cycle time Track a large volume of changes Manage and control product revisions Manage as designed versus as changed Find out about the history of past changes Find out about

22、planned engineering changes工變執行方式工變執行方式 Three steps:nDraw a line through the old information and write in the new information.Date and sign.nRecord the effective date for the change in the change book.nOn the effective date remove the old documents from production and replace them with the modified

23、documents.較不重要的變更處理方式較不重要的變更處理方式追求時效追求時效工變執行方式工變執行方式 Four steps:nClarify the problem and the proposed change nSearch for solutions nSelect the best solution nImplement the change工變執行方式工變執行方式 Five steps:nEstablish ECRnAnalyze ECR nApprove/release ECP/ECO Plan nExecute ECO nTrack ECO 一般常見的一般常見的EC方式方式工

24、變執行方式工變執行方式Seven steps:nReview change,and establish its impact on data nEstimate the project and financial implications nApprove execution of change nChange data at the highest level,progressively increasing the level of detail 工變執行方式工變執行方式Seven steps:nIdentify all affected released documents and tr

25、ansmitted data files that require modification nSchedule and perform the change to all derived data nRelease the changes工變執行方式工變執行方式Nine steps:nPrepare change proposal nApprove change proposal nAuthorize impact analysis prepare impact analysis nAuthorize change order nPrepare change ordernPerform si

26、gnoffs nApprove change order工變執行方式工變執行方式Nineteen steps:nFill in the ECR form nSend the ECR to the technical services department nAssign a number to the ECR nSend the ECR to the appropriate department nReview problem,identify causes,evaluate solutions,propose effective date nSend ECR to the technical

27、 documentation group 工變執行方式工變執行方式nEnsure that the latest revision of all documentation is available nMake an ECR package nSend a copy of the ECR package to each engineering change board(ECB)member nReview the proposed change and investigate impact nSchedule an ECB meeting nReview all aspects of the

28、ECR nAgree effective date 工變執行方式工變執行方式nSign the ECR nSend the ECO to the technical documentation group nUpdate documentation nMake copies nDistribute copies nFile ECO變更範疇變更範疇Just solve my problemChange the documentRespond quickly to marketingLook after the changes in this customers requirementsSolve

29、 all our problems 小大ECM系統效益系統效益Well reduce the cycle time for engineering changesWe can reduce the costs of change managementWell get the benefits of electronic change information flowECM系統效益系統效益Well get better status information on our changesWell be able to make sure the best change process is fol

30、lowedWell improve engineering change resource utilization and co-ordinationECM系統效益系統效益Well have an audit trail of engineering change activitiesThe ECM system will bring engineers on different sites together to work on changes Well be able to make better change management plansECM系統效益系統效益Well get mor

31、e reliable estimates of change costs and timesAn ECM system will make changes easier to manageWell be able to run changes in parallel and get them done quickerWell be more responsive to changeSo Many Parts to the ECM Jigsaw External organizations want changes but cant always make them happenInternal

32、 organizations sometimes want changes,sometimes dontThey all get involved in the EC processJigsaw拼圖玩具So Many Parts to the ECM Jigsaw Many computer systems are somehow related to the EC processProducts and processes,and their descriptions,are the main focus of ECM,and their volume is very highAnd eve

33、ryone needs to know and follow the rules of ECMExternal organizations want changes but cant always make them happenCustomers and potential customersDealers and DistributorsLogistics organizationsSuppliers and VendorsRegulatory Authorities這些都是驅動這些都是驅動EC的重要角色的重要角色Internal Organizations Sometimes Want

34、Changes,Sometimes DontDesign engineeringPurchasing departmentMarketing and salesManufacturing engineeringSoftware engineeringInternal Organizations Sometimes Want Changes,Sometimes DontManufacturingInstallation organizationCustomer serviceStandardization organizationTechnical servicesThey all get in

35、volved in the EC process EC Submitter,Proposer,InitiatorEC Analyst,EvaluatorEC Board member,ECB ChairFunctional organizationsProduct TeamsMany Computer Systems Are Somehow Related to the EC Process Order processing requires accurate updates of product codes and release statusPlanning has to phase ou

36、t old versions while phasing in new releasesMany Computer Systems Are Somehow Related to the EC Process Development has to document all changes consistentlyManufacturing needs accurate and timely information about all changes past,present and plannedCustomer Service has to communicate product improv

37、ements to customersProducts and Processes,and Their Descriptions,Are the Main Focus of ECM,and Their Volume Is Very High Products,main assemblies and sub-assembliesComponents and partsRaw materialsProcesses and sub-processesProduct informationProcess informationAnd Everyone Needs to Know and Follow

38、the Rules of ECM Document,Implement,Inform,CheckBut some people dont know or dont follow the rulesTypical Activities in ECMRequests come in daily from all the playersScreening all requests is an absolute must for filtering symptoms from root causesEvaluating the requests can take quite a time if the

39、 information systems are not integratedDecide what to do to optimize the return-on-engineering-changeOrder the selected changes to be made by the various functionsTypical Activities in ECMActuate the changesTrack the changes through the processNotify the changes by documenting all activities and the

40、 resulting consequencesManage the changes from a supervisory functionTypical Problems With All These ActivitiesLets start with the worst case:unhappy customersUnhappy managers are another,but mainly internal,problemEngineers get unhappy with an ECM system that doesnt workTime runs outCosts go upQual

41、ity goes downEngineers get unhappy with an ECM system that doesnt workThis overloads them and patches consume a lot of their energyAs a consequence,innovation and new product design sufferA corresponding part of their time is wastedFuture trends in ECM will make it even more complex More locations w

42、ill be involvedMore participants in the process will make it even more complicatedKey customers will request more and quicker engineering changesMore market pressure will result in more change requests and less time to perform engineering changesCompanies will be swamped by mountains of Engineering

43、ChangesBut with successful ECM youll get lots of benefits Customer satisfaction increases constantly because the customers start perceiving that their input somehow ends up in new or improved productsHappy managers have time for value adding activitiesEffective engineers can focus on innovationBut w

44、ith successful ECM youll get lots of benefits Cost reductions become effective much earlierQuality improvements become effective much earlierTime savings allow all corporate functions to focus on what really mattersAnd they all lived happily ever after Identifying an effective ECM solution Plan and

45、establish the ECM ProjectUnderstand the current situation of ECMProject the future situation of ECMMap the way forwardPrepare and deliver a successful presentation to managementPlan and Establish the ECM ProjectStart the project doing the most important things firstSelect the project leader and buil

46、d the core teamMap the major project activities,design a feasible plan and prepare a realistic budgetPlan and Establish the ECM ProjectIdentify major project risks and think about how to overcome themcounteracting resistance to changeDocument the results achieved so farOrganize and internally publis

47、h the project kickoff meetingUnderstand the current situation of ECMIdentify critical products and processesIdentify involved people,organizations and key rolesAssess the currently used information and information systemsCollect major problems and quantify related costs and lost market opportunities

48、Help management define objectives for the future ECM processProject the Future Situation of ECMIdentify the benefits of quick,effective ECM for strategic products and servicesDescribe future information and information systemsProject the Future Situation of ECMShow that existing problems will be ove

49、rcomeAssume that the major problems of ECM are solved and the new ECM system is operational.Project the reduced costs and the market opportunities that have been wonMap the way forwardDefine alternative implementation strategiesDetermine project costs and investments and evaluate the benefitsBuild t

50、he cost justificationPrioritize the strategiesWrite and publish the statement of requirementsSelect the preferred solutionPrepare the project plan and the corresponding budgetPrepare and deliver a successful presentation to managementExplain the project objectives and the metrics to measure its achi