SixSigma导入培训14830.pptx
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1、MarketingLeadershipPresented by:Eden H.C.ChenSix Sigma AcademyCTI Group,USAR&DSelf-SupportsProcessIndependentlyVariationReductionWastesReductionSixSigma StrategiesforExcellenceSix Sigma是一種經營管理理念,也是一套有系統的管理手法,目的是在定義的目標之下,追求最小的變異,獲得最大的獲利水準。CTI集團陳憲章博士v六標準差為一全面且具彈性的系統,可用於獲取、維持和擴大企業成功。六標準差的趨動要素,在於洞悉顧客之需,
2、嚴格使用事實嚴格使用事實、資料、統計分析,以及全力關注業務流程全力關注業務流程的管理、改善和創新。The six sigma way-Six Sigma is a management philosophy which search for-Six Sigma is a management philosophy which search for the perfect without any significant variations based on the perfect without any significant variations based on the pre-set p
3、erformance requirements.the pre-set performance requirements.-To define the requirements,finding out the undesirable-To define the requirements,finding out the undesirable outcomes(y)and associating it with the possible inputs outcomes(y)and associating it with the possible inputs is the concepts to
4、 avoid,if not 100%sure,eliminate the is the concepts to avoid,if not 100%sure,eliminate the causes of variances in intent outputs.By doing so we causes of variances in intent outputs.By doing so we can minimize the waste lean.can minimize the waste lean.-Use best tools to achieve the goals of avoidi
5、ng cause,-Use best tools to achieve the goals of avoiding cause,detect failure,&compensate the effectsdetect failure,&compensate the effectsSix Sigma Basic ConceptTake a wild guess on what is the normal average mistakes by any given processed operation?Semi-Professionals are 7%(std dev.Is 6%)Profess
6、ionals are 3%(std.dev.Is 2%)Absolute Professionals without check/balanceare 11%(std dev.Is 11%)For White Collar works For Blue Collar works Skilled Operators are 1%(std dev.Is.8%)without Error Proofing Options Unskilled Operators are 7%(std dev.Is 6.8%)without Error Proofing OptionsFor Instrument Co
7、ntrol Operations Based on accuracy and sensitivity of the instrument it can be anything from 0.05%to 3.0%Likely,for most industry instrument it is around 0.5%SupplyInputProcessOutputCustomerSupplyInputProcessOutputCustomer 供應者品質供應者品質 輸輸 入入 流程功能流程功能 產出要求產出要求 客戶滿意客戶滿意i.e.i.e.KPIVKPIV i.e.VOC,i.e.VOC,C
8、TCCTCi.e.i.e.可歸因的可歸因的外在變異外在變異(Assignable(Assignablecause)cause)i.e.i.e.一般內在一般內在因素變異因素變異&KCC&KCC etc.etc.i.e.i.e.CTQ CTQ Spec.Spec.KPC,KPC,&etc.&etc.SIPOC SIPOC 的觀念的觀念InputProcessOutput 首先看一看輸入與輸出的關係首先看一看輸入與輸出的關係首先看一看輸入與輸出的關係首先看一看輸入與輸出的關係OutputInputYX如果結果只被一個輸入因素影響,則 1:1,such as Y=X.套模零件尺寸模具尺寸YX範例:在無
9、外部噪音與內 部變因的完美狀況擲一塊硬幣的機率Distribution(分配)and Probability(機率)Frequency123465432150.027 0.0560.0630.1110.1390.1670.1390.1110.0630.0560.027%23456789101112兩粒骰子的機率和出現次數頻率圖兩粒骰子的機率和出現次數頻率圖0.180.160.140.120.100.080.060.040.020.機率出現次數1 2 3 4 5 6 5 4 3 2 1mean-1s-3s-2s2s3s1s68%95%99.7%中心線與標準差中心線與標準差OutputInputY
10、X然而在很多條件情況下,結果是一個分佈UndesirableUndesirable非期待非期待流程流程/製程製程InputInputDesirableDesirable期待期待OutputOutputControlControlControlControlNoisesNoises噪音噪音Man Man 人人MachineMachine機機MaterialMaterial料料MethodMethod法法EnvironmentEnvironment環境環境考慮噪因(noise)的情況OutputInputYXNoise流程流程/製程製程Man Man 人人MachineMachine機機Mater
11、ialMaterial料料MethodMethod法法EnvironmentEnvironment環境環境InputInput好的產品好的產品有缺點的有缺點的產品產品OutputOutputProcess Control&Process Control&SPCSPCQuality inspection&SQCQuality inspection&SQC 品質檢驗品質檢驗&統計品管統計品管洪水洪水,地震地震,罷工等罷工等在實際的環境下ControlControlControlControlMMMMEMMMMEMMMMEMMMMEY#1#2#3#lastOutput=InputY1=X1Y1=F(
12、X1)Y1=F(Xi)Y1=F(Xi)Y1=F(Xi)Yj =F(Xi)有多少輸出變數?有多少輸入變數?那幾個是重要輸出變數?那幾個是重要輸入變數?將重要輸出變數與重要輸入變數連結現實環境下的流程模式OutputYY=X1+X2+X3+Xn結果就更複雜了當不是只有一個輸入變數時Input X1Input X2Input X3Input Xn工程下規集中點工程上規完美狀態.工程規格與實際產出現象工程下規工程上規Target幾乎完美接近完美大多數狀況Spec.Limit+/-1+/-2+/-3+/-4+/-5+/-6 Percent(%)68.2795.4599.7399.993799.99994
13、399.9999998Possible Defective ppm3173004500270083.57.002完美狀況理論值Spec.Limit+/-1+/-2+/-3+/-4+/-5+/-6 Percent(%)30.2369.1393.3299.379099.9767099.999660Possible Defective ppm6977003087006681062102333.4 大多數狀況實際值現實的世界現實的世界Spec.Limit+/-1+/-2+/-3+/-4+/-5+/-6 Percent(%)30.2369.1393.3299.379099.9767099.999660P
14、ossible Defective ppm6977003087006680062102333.4 分佈範圍與集中程度失敗成本4 Sigma Condition-6,000 PPM(Defective Parts Per Million)6 Sigma Condition-3-4 PPM(Defective Parts Per Million)1%25%SalesSalesSource:Monro&Assoc.Inc.企業經營成功的指標投資報酬未來成長的體質客戶滿意度保固成本回收(Warranty pay-off(DPTP)生產力第一時間點的良率(1st Time yield and Quali
15、ty)產業排比(Industrial Rating)品質指標允收水準(AQL/AOQL)SPC with estimated defective rate&trend製程(流程)能力指標Process Capability Index1%不良的品質水準代表什麼意義?每小時有20000郵件丟失每天有15分鐘飲用不淨水每周有5000手術錯誤主要機場每天至少有4次事故每年有200000藥物處方錯誤每月有七天停電零缺點-“Almost(幾乎)”完美的流程設計當你買一瓶藥,你是否期待每一顆都是好的?當你搭飛機,你是否期待每一次起飛與降落都成功?是否零缺點的觀念可以應用到你的流程上甚至產品上?28Six
16、Sigma的目標的目標:面對全球市場與競爭力面對全球市場與競爭力,消除變異追求最大的獲利目標消除變異追求最大的獲利目標q不斷提高客戶滿意度q持續測量q提高制程能力q降低不良品q增加獲利 持續改善導致經營成功持續改善導致經營成功29SixSigma成功策略成功策略過程內的數據資料引導決定過程內的數據資料引導決定過程內的數據資料引導決定過程內的數據資料引導決定Y=S S F(Xi)流程內的各個輸出結果流程內的各個輸出結果=各種機會各種機會最終產品產出最終產品產出將將將將F(XF(Xii)作最大的發揮作最大的發揮作最大的發揮作最大的發揮,則就可控制則就可控制則就可控制則就可控制Y.Y.30機 會?即
17、刻 短期 因應(Reactive)解決現在的問題解決現在的問題 確實指出高風險的問題所在確實指出高風險的問題所在(such as cost,(such as cost,reworks,scraps,&ect.)reworks,scraps,&ect.)預見 長期 預應(Proactive)防止潛在的弱點造成問題防止潛在的弱點造成問題 指出潛在的機會指出潛在的機會31 MeasureAnalyzeImproveControlCharacterizationCharacterizationOptimizationOptimizationwithinthesystemwithinthesystemS
18、ixSigma應用戰術應用戰術-MAIC32Define/定義定義掌握特性掌握特性(Characterization)在體制內追求完美在體制內追求完美(Optimization)Control/管制管制Improve/改進改進Analyze/分析分析Measure/衡量衡量SixSigma應用戰術應用戰術-DMAIC33Define/定義定義Control/管制管制DESIGN/重新設計重新設計Analyze/分析分析Measure/衡量衡量掌握特性掌握特性(Characterization)在體制外追求完美在體制外追求完美(Optimization)SixSigma應用戰術應用戰術-DMAD
19、V34DefineDefine定義定義定義定義Validate/驗證驗證Incorporate/組成團隊執行之組成團隊執行之Evaluate/評估評估Optimize/自我調適自我調適掌握特性掌握特性(Characterization)自我調適自我調適(Optimize)驗證執行驗證執行SixSigma應用戰術應用戰術-DEOVI35MAIC 現狀點的改善6s sMeasurement测量Control控制Improvement改进Analysis分析36DMAIC 是在現有體制之下變革式的改善6s sMeasurementControlImprovementAnalysisDefine37D
20、MADV 是打破體制的突破式變革6s sMeasurementValidationDesignAnalysisDefine38DEOVI 是在最早的時間點上將事情有效率的完成6s sEvaluateIncorporateValidateOptimizeDefine39Define,Measure,Analyze,Improve,ControlDefine,Measure,Analyze,Improve,Control1 Select Output CTQ or CTC 2 Define performance standards for response variable3Identify m
21、easurement system for input and response variables4Establish process capability of response variable1Define improvement objectives2Identify all sources of variation in y(inputs=xi)3 Screen sources for potential causes of variation in y&identify vital few x KPIV 1 Determine mathematical relationship
22、between vital few xi2Establish operating tolerances for vital few xi 1 Validate measurement system for xi 2 Determine ability to control vital few xi3 Establish process control plan for vital few xiStepFocusyyx&yyx1,x2,.xnx1,x2,.xn Vital Few xiVital Few xiVital Few xiPhaseMeasureAnalyzeImproveContro
23、lSUSTAINVital Few xiVital Few xiVital Few xiDefine 1.Understand the needs,create the interval interest&motivation x&y 2.Mapping the strategy x&y40 CTI Six Sigma 十三組工具十三組工具Module1:TeamBuilding&Supporting基礎認知及結構化策略研擬與機制建置基礎認知及結構化策略研擬與機制建置 Module 2-13系統化工具與方法系統化工具與方法Module 2-13系統化工具與方法系統化工具與方法SixSigma階
24、段性推動策略與目標階段性推動策略與目標DMAICDEOVIDMADVBasicToolsModule2Module3Module4&Module12Module5&Module6Module7Module10工具整合與風險管理應用工具整合與風險管理應用AdvanceToolsModule8Module9Module11Module13SixSigma與與LeanSystem整合運作整合運作Module1a-1a-2a-3b-1b-2c-1c-2ProvideGuidance&SupportingDFSS專案解析與戰術應用工具應用DPU(DefectsperunitDPU(Defectsperu
25、nit每一單位缺點數每一單位缺點數每一單位缺點數每一單位缺點數)=Defects/Unit)=Defects/UnitTOP(TotalOpportunitiesTOP(TotalOpportunities全數產品內部可能出錯的機全數產品內部可能出錯的機全數產品內部可能出錯的機全數產品內部可能出錯的機 會點數會點數會點數會點數)=Units*opportunities)=Units*opportunitiesDPMO(DefectsperMillionOpportunity,DPMO(DefectsperMillionOpportunity,每一百萬的機每一百萬的機每一百萬的機每一百萬的機會可
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